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Australian rapper L-Fresh The Lion’s account banned in India after allegedly ‘Divisive & Hateful’ tweets

L-Fresh The Lion; Picture Source: Twitter @LFRESHTHELION
L-Fresh The Lion; Picture Source: Twitter @LFRESHTHELION

Manish Kumar (Name changed on request) is an international student and aspiring singer in Melbourne.

He told The Australia Today, “I have been a follower of L-Fresh The Lion’s work ever since I have come to Australia five years back, but his tweets glorifying terrorists and rapists is the lowest point for an artist.”

“My father was just 17 years old when my grandfather and two uncles were killed by Khalistani terrorists in a village near Bhatinda (City in the Indian state of Punjab), I can’t explain the pain in my father’s eyes when he talks about it,” said Mr Kumar.

Earlier, Twitter has restricted four accounts within the Indian jurisdiction. One of the accounts is of Australian hip-hop artist L-Fresh The Lion.

According to data from the US-based collaborative archive Lumen Database this is done in compliance with the legal request made by the Indian government.

In a statement reported by Indian media, a Twitter spokesperson said that when it receives a valid legal request, it reviews them under both the Twitter Rules and local law.

“@LFRESHTHELION`s account has been withheld in India in response to a legal demand,” read the message on the rapper`s account.

The Indian-Australian rapper has been supporting farmers protesting against the new farm laws in India.

He has also been writing on social media platforms and posted several updates about the protests on Twitter.

Besides, Twitter has taken action on three more accounts that also includes Indian-Canadian singer Jazzy B.

These accounts have been “geo-restricted” which means anyone living out of India can see and access the accounts.

In a statement, a Twitter spokesperson said;

“If the content violates Twitter’s Rules, the content will be removed from the service. In all cases, we notify the account holder directly so they`re aware that we`ve received a legal order pertaining to the account.”

Before withholding the accounts in India Twitter had notified the account holders about the action which is taken after a legal request by the government of India.

A highly placed Indian official in the know-how of the issue (who doesn’t want to be named) told The Australia Today, “We are seeing a kind of nexus between groups wanting to circulate ‘divisive and hateful’ messages using social influencers.”

“What happened in Punjab in the 1980s was our collective suffering, terrorists killed and raped thousands of Hindus and Sikhs and security forces also did atrocities which can not be denied, but these people using it to spread hate will not be tolerated,” She added.

Manish Kumar says, “L-Fresh the Lion’s tweets are restricted in India but what about people like me who are here and can see them.”

“I feel really scared to say anything openly about this my family has also told me not to discuss our sufferings for fear of my safety,” added Mr Kumar.

Note: The Australia Today have written to Mr L-Fresh The Lion for his comments on the issue. If we hear back from him, the story will be updated.

Besides COVID-19, India is also fighting with vulture journalists, who are spreading more panic and despair than pandemic

Picture Source: ScreenShot Twitter @BarkhaDutt
Picture Source: ScreenShot Twitter @BarkhaDutt

No one, I repeat, no one should die due to lack of medical care. Every death is painful and heart-wrenching, even if the country’s medical system is overburdened and doctors are toiling hard to save the Covid-19 patients amid an unprecedented surge of cases in the second wave. Then, there are journalists and reporters, toxic ones, who rub salt into India’s wounds by manipulating national tragedy to carry out their agenda against the state. They go on to the extent of distorting certain facts of truth to make them look valid and convincing. 

They used COVID tragedy as a propaganda tool.

It is said whoever controls the media, controls the mind of people, or they try to. Second wave of Covid-19—which is more deadly and devastating than its first wave in India, because of its regional mutant variant in it—came as a golden opportunity for left leaning vulture media men to shame, defame and humiliate India on international platforms. And they grabbed the opportunity to sell the human tragedy for their vested interest. 

NEW YORK POST used a photo of a gas leakage incident in May 2020.

To sensationalize the deadly second wave of Covid-19 in India, NEW YORK POST used a heart-wrenching picture—which had an unconscious woman lying on the street, while another woman, appeared to be her daughter, trying to wake her up—to show the tragedy of the second wave of Covid-19. What is shocking is that the picture is of the Gas Leakage incident, which took place at LG Polymer chemical plant in a village in Visakhapatnam on 7 May 2020. NEW YORK POST ran the story with a misleading picture under the headline of “COVID surge swallowing people in India, the footage shows people dead in streets” on 26 April 2021. It is to be recalled the unfortunate incident had led to Gas leakage causing breathing problems to people over a radius of 3 KM in the surrounding area. 

However, when NY POST was slammed by netizens, they changed the feature image, but the article and headline remained the same. Why did NEW YORK POST go into overdrive to sell tragedy in India by using fake pictures? Do they wait for tragedy in India to manipulate as a propaganda machine?

Tragedy was used as a commodity.

British American Media Company, Getty Images is selling images of grim Hindu Funeral pyres lit ablaze in a crematorium to sensationalize non-Indian readers. Any media group can buy the largest size picture for Rs. 23,000. Be it Indian photojournalists or non-Indian photographers both are clicking; both are making money out of the pandemic by clicking photos at crematorium denying dignity at the tragic death of Covid-19 victims.

Check your self by clicking the following link: https://www.gettyimages.in/photos/covid-19-delhi-funeral?phrase=covid-19%20delhi%20funeral&sort=mostpopular

There have even aerial shots of the crematorium. Did the photographer fly drones over the crematorium to click pictures? Is flying drones over crematorium permitted? The Guardian used the same aerial shot of the crematorium, which created a huge amount of buzz in international media. (We are not using that picture to say loud and clear pictures of final rites are personal and no one should be allowed to broadcast them.)    

Barkha Dutt didn’t spare even her father’s death for her propaganda.

If vultures are assembling at a place, dead bodies are scattered nearby. How can Barkha Dutt be far from the crematorium? She reported from the cremation ground in Surat on 19 April. What can be a better place than a cremation ground to create a ghastly and ghostly picture of death, despair and distress! Who can be better cunning than Barkha Dutt to amplify macabre elements of cremation ground!

Then, Barkha Dutt’s old father succumbed to Covid-19, unfortunately. But, the grieving daughter used every word to describe her father’s death to suit her propaganda. Selection of words is enough to influence readers deeply—My father’s last words, I am choking, treat me. 

What Barkha Dutt didn’t remind her audience and the CNN reporter that he was admitted to a premier hospital, Medanta hospital, and he was being treated by a group of best doctors. Even after being treated by the best doctors, the last words of Barkha Dutt’s father was, “treat me, I am choking.” Does it sound sane? Also, only Barkha Dutt can tell how she was allowed in ICU, where her father was admitted, to listen to his last words.   

Barkha Dutt is a perfect example of vulture media, who can use her father’s death to spin propaganda. Dear Barkha Dutt, your father was being treated by a group of best doctors in the best hospital, Medanta. Nevertheless, his last words were, “I am choking, treat me.” Then, who should have treated him? What about those who are struggling even to get a bed in hospital?

There is an unprecedented rise in Covid-19 positive cases in India. Medical facilities and infrastructure are overwhelmed. For a patient, it is a battle to get admitted to the hospital. However, India’s health infrastructures are working day and night to save as many patients as they can. The job of the media is to raise constructive criticism. But, media is creating a wave of panic even among those who are not suffering from Covid-19.

UPDATE from The Australia Today: After the Opinion article made ripples in India and around the world, Ms Barkha Dutt accused us of being “trolls” of the right-wing and fake website on social media.
We replied to her, “We don’t care who you support or oppose in your reports with other media outlets, but calling us right-wing trolls is insane. Looks like you can’t handle criticism well.”
In case we get some more details we shall put them here.

Author: Manisha Inamdar
This opinion article was first published on www.trunicle.com, We have republished it with kind permission from the author.
Disclaimer: The author is solely responsible for the views expressed in this article. The author carries the responsibility for citing and/or licensing images utilized within the text. The opinions, facts and any media content in them are presented solely by the authors, and neither The Australia Today News nor its partners assume any responsibility for them.

Gully cricket comes alive at Melbourne Airport as taxi drivers pass time

Image: Indian subcontinent origin taxi drivers playing cricket at Melbourne airport parking (Source: TikTok - @waseemalisulehri)

The Border-Gavaskar Trophy may be over, but the love for cricket refuses to rest — even at Melbourne Airport.

A viral TikTok video has captured a group of Indian subcontinent taxi drivers engaged in a spirited game of gully cricket at the Melbourne Airport parking lot, proving once again that cricket is more than a game; it’s a way of life for many from the subcontinent.

Image: Indian subcontinent origin taxi drivers playing cricket at Melbourne airport parking (Source: TikTok – @waseemalisulehri)

The video shows drivers making the most of their waiting time, as the TikToker wittily observed: “When your turn doesn’t come for almost three hours because of the sheer number of taxis, you’ve got to do something to pass the time.”

With tennis balls and makeshift stumps, the taxi drivers showcased skills honed through years of “gully cricket” — the informal and wildly popular version of the sport played on streets, narrow alleys, and open fields across India.

In the Indian subcontinent, gully cricket is a cultural phenomenon. In bustling metropolises like Mumbai, players dodge honking cars and pedestrians, while in smaller towns, dusty maidans (open grounds) host fiercely competitive matches.

These games often feature improvised rules, such as “one-tip-one-hand” catches or boundaries made of parked scooters, adding a unique charm to the sport. It’s here, on these humble pitches, that cricket dreams are born — a testament to the game’s grassroots appeal.

Image: A still from Save Your Legs! (2012)

An Australian comedy film, starring Indian-Australian Pallavi Sharda, Save Your Legs! (2012), portrays an inspiring and humorous journey from Australia to India.

The film tells the story of a man determined to save his local park cricket team from the challenges of adulthood. Blending comedy, cricket, and Bollywood music, the film was an uplifting adventure that captures the spirit of chasing lifelong dreams across cultures.

Even with the high-octane rivalry of the Border-Gavaskar series behind us, the passion for cricket is alive and thriving among the Indian diaspora in Australia. This unexpected cricket pitch in a Melbourne Airport parking lot reminds us that, while test series are contested fiercely on grand stadiums, the true spirit of cricket is forged in the gullies and maidans where it all begins.

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Dutton vows to restore Australia Day ceremonies, challenges Albanese to ‘stand up to mayors’

Image: Melton citizenship ceremony 2024 (Source: Supplied)

Opposition Leader Peter Dutton has doubled down on his promise to mandate citizenship ceremonies on January 26 if the Coalition wins the next federal election, reigniting debates around Australia Day’s significance and the flexibility introduced under the Albanese government.

Dutton accused Prime Minister Anthony Albanese of sending “mixed signals” to councils by loosening rules in 2022, which allowed ceremonies to be held up to three days before or after January 26. He claimed this change encouraged councils to abandon the day, framing it as a lack of leadership.

“The Prime Minister sent a signal that Australia Day didn’t matter,” Dutton said on Monday.

“We live in the greatest country in the world, and I’m proud of our Indigenous heritage. But we should not be ashamed of celebrating our national day.”

Dutton pledged to reinstate mandatory January 26 ceremonies within the first 100 days of a Coalition government, arguing the date holds immense significance for migrants who become Australian citizens on that day.

Meanwhile, Albanese avoided direct criticism of Dutton’s stance, instead emphasising his own attendance at national Australia Day celebrations in Canberra.

“I hope Peter Dutton this year chooses to join the national celebrations,”

Dutton rejected criticisms of his approach as divisive, framing his position as a stand for unity and national pride.

“We have an incredible Indigenous history and a remarkable migrant story. We should celebrate both.”

Despite increasing divisions, a recent poll found 69% of Australians support retaining the current date, up from 63% in 2024.

The January 26 date remains contentious, marking the arrival of the British First Fleet and what many Indigenous Australians see as the beginning of dispossession and discrimination. The day has become a focal point for “Invasion Day” rallies, with growing calls for the date to be changed. The government has maintained its stance of giving councils flexibility, citing logistical reasons such as heat, costs, and staffing challenges.

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Australia ranks sixth, while India drops five spots in global passport rankings

Representative image: Immigration stamp on passport (Source: CANVA)

India’s global passport ranking has dropped to its lowest since 2021, placing 85th on the 2025 Henley Passport Index. Indian passport holders now enjoy visa-free access to just 57 countries, a significant decline from 62 in 2024. This marks a steady fall for the Indian passport, which peaked at 80th last year. India shares its spot with Equatorial Guinea and Niger, highlighting the limited mobility available to its citizens.

In stark contrast, Australia’s passport continues to climb, securing sixth place globally, its highest ranking ever. Australians can visit 189 destinations without a visa, a position shared with Greece. However, Australia’s passport remains the world’s most expensive at AUD 412, reflecting its premium stature.

Image: India’s Historical Ranking on the Henley Passport Index

The Indian passport’s diminishing power contrasts sharply with the Pacific nations’ growing global mobility. For instance, the Solomon Islands ranks 37th, allowing access to 134 destinations, the highest among Pacific nations. Fiji, Samoa, and New Zealand also maintain strong positions, benefiting from regional connectivity and increasing global partnerships.

Image: Australia’s Historical Ranking on the Henley Passport Index

Meanwhile, Australia’s high ranking bolsters its role as a Pacific hub, offering seamless travel opportunities within the region and beyond. Australians enjoy visa-free access to neighbouring countries such as Fiji, Samoa, and New Zealand, strengthening cultural and economic ties in the Pacific.

Image: Singapore’s Historical Ranking on the Henley Passport Index

The 2025 Henley Passport Index underscores significant global shifts. Singapore retains its top spot, with visa-free access to 195 destinations, reflecting its robust diplomatic relationships. Japan, Finland, and South Korea follow closely, while European nations dominate the top rankings, showcasing the enduring strength of EU passports.

Top 10 most powerful passports in the world for 2025:

  1. Singapore – 195 destinations
  2. Japan – 193 destinations
  3. Finland, France, Germany, Italy, South Korea, Spain – 192 destinations
  4. Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden – 191 destinations
  5. Belgium, New Zealand, Portugal, Switzerland, UK – 190 destinations
  6. Australia, Greece – 189 destinations
  7. Canada, Malta, Poland – 188 destinations
  8. Czechia, Hungary – 187 destinations
  9. Estonia, USA – 186 destinations
  10. Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, UAE – 185 destinations 

The United States and the United Kingdom have seen their passport rankings decline in recent years, highlighting geopolitical shifts. The US passport now ranks ninth, while the UK sits at fifth, down from its peak in 2015.

Image: China’s Historical Ranking on the Henley Passport Index

China’s steady ascent, now ranking 60th with visa-free access to 85 countries, signals its growing global influence. Similarly, Pacific nations like the Solomon Islands leverage their strategic positioning to secure better mobility for citizens.

Australia’s strong passport ranking enhances its appeal as a gateway to the Pacific, fostering stronger partnerships with neighbouring countries. For India, the declining ranking underscores the need for greater diplomatic efforts to secure visa-free travel agreements, especially as it seeks to expand its influence in the Indo-Pacific.

As mobility gaps widen globally, the Henley Passport Index highlights the critical role of diplomacy and international cooperation in shaping global mobility trends. For the Pacific, the rankings reaffirm the region’s growing importance in global travel networks, offering opportunities for tourism and economic growth.

The Henley Passport index, looked at 199 passports with access to 227 International  destinations, ranking Solomon Islands at 37th place on the list. Out of the 227 nations, Solomon Islands passport holders can visit 134 of these countries.

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Quota proposal sparks debate on women’s representation in Fiji politics

Image: Fiji's parliament (Source: Facebook - Fiji Government)

By Monika Singh

The lack of female representation in parliaments across the world remains a vexed and contentious issue.

In Fiji, this problem again surfaced for debate in response to Deputy Prime Minister Manoa Kamikamica’s call  for a quota system to increase women’s representation in parliament.

Image: Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade, Co-operative, MSME, and Communication Manoa Kamikamica (Source: Supplied)

Mr Kamikamica was speaking at the “Capacity Building Training for Prospective Women and Youth Candidates in Local Elections” workshop in Suva in November last year.

The workshop was organised by Suva-based civil society organisation, Dialogue Fiji, in collaboration with Emily’s List Australia and funded by Misereor.

Mr Kamikamica noted that women’s representation in Fiji’s Parliament peaked at 20 per cent in 2018, only to drop to 14 per cent after the 2022 elections.

He highlighted what he saw as an anomaly: 238,389 females voted in the 2022 election, surpassing men’s turnout. However, female candidates garnered only 37,252 votes, accounting for just 8 per cent of the total votes cast. This saw only six out of 54 female candidates elected to Parliament.

He said implementing supportive policies and initiatives, such as reducing financial barriers to running for office and providing childcare support could address some of the structural challenges faced by aspiring female leaders.

Image: Sainiana Radrodro (Source: Fcaebook – Fiji Government)

While agreeing with Mr Kamikamica’s supportive remarks, Suva-based lawyer and former journalist Sainiana Radrodro called for urgent and concrete actions to empower aspiring women candidates, besides just discussions.

She identified finance, societal norms and more recently, bullying on social media, as major obstacles for females aspiring for political careers. She said measures to address these problems were either insufficient, or  non-existent. 

Ms Radrodro, who participated in the 2024 Women’s Mock Parliament, supports a quota system, but only as a temporary special measure (TSM).  TSM is designed to advance gender equality by addressing structural, social, and cultural barriers, correcting past and present discrimination, and compensating for harm and inequalities.

Ms Radrodro said that TSM could be a useful tool if applied in a measured way, noting that countries that rushed into implementing it faced a backlash due to poor advocacy and public understanding.

She recommends TSM based on prior and proper dialogue and awareness to ensure that women elected through such measures are not marginalised or stereotyped as having “ridden on the back of government policies”.

She said with women comprising half of the national population, it’s only sensible to have proportional representation in parliament.

While she agreed with Mr Kamikamica that finance remained a significant obstacle for Fijian women seeking public office, she stated that non-financial barriers, such as attacks on social media, should not be overlooked.

To level the playing field, Ms Radrodro’s suggestions include government subsidies for women candidates, similar to the support provided to farmers and small businesses.

“This would signal a genuine commitment by the government to foster women’s participation in the legislature,” she said.

Image: Ms Radro, Ms Singh and Ms Giva-Tuke (Source: Supplied)

Ms Radrodro’s views were echoed by the University of the South Pacific postgraduate student in sociology, Lovelyn Laurelle Giva-Tuke.

She advocates a holistic approach encompassing financial assistance, specific legislation to address violence against women in political contexts; capacity-building programs to  equip women with leadership, campaigning, and public speaking skills; and measures to ensure fair and equitable  media coverage, rather than stereotyped and discriminatory coverage.

Ms Giva-Tuke emphasised that society as a whole stand to benefit from a gender balanced political establishment. This was also highlighted by Mr Kamikamica in his address. He cited research showing that women leaders tended to prioritise healthcare, education, and social welfare.

While there is no disagreement about the problem, and the needs to address it, Ms Giva-Tuke, like Ms Radrodro, believes that discussions and ideas must translate into action. “As a nation, we can and must do more to create an inclusive political landscape that values women’s contributions at every level,” she says.

Image: Fiji’s parliament (Source: Facebook – Fiji Government)

Protection against social media attacks

For Ms Radrodro one of the most urgent and unaddressed problems is the targeting of women with harmful social media content, which is rampant and unchecked in Fiji.

“There is a very high level of attacks against women on social media even from women against other women. These raises reservations in potential women candidates who now have another hurdle to cross.”

Ms Radrodro said a lot of women were simply terrified of being abused online and having their lives splashed across social media, which was also harmful for their children’s and families.

She said it was disheartening to see the lack of consistent support from leaders when women politicians faced personal attacks.

She called for stronger policies and enforcement to curb online harassment, urging national leaders to take a stand against such behavior.

Image: Fiji Women’s Rights Movement executive director Nalini Singh (Source: Facebook – FWRM)

Another female rights campaigner, the Fiji Women’s Rights Movement executive director Nalini Singh, called for stronger and more effective collaboration between stakeholders—communal groups, women’s groups, local government departments, political parties and the Fijian Elections Office.

Ms Singh highlighted the need for a major educational campaign to change the mindsets with gender sensitisation programs targeting communities. She also recommended increased civic education and awareness of government structures and electoral systems. 

While she supported reserved parliamentary seats for women, Ms Singh said temporary changes in laws or regulations to eliminate systemic barriers and  promote gender equality were also needed.

Ms Singh also highlighted the importance of bridging the generational gaps between older women who have worked in local government, and young women with an interest in joining the political space by establishment of mentoring programs.

She said mandating specific changes or participation levels within a defined timeframe and advocacy and awareness campaigns targeted at changing societal attitudes and promoting the inclusion of underrepresented groups were other options.

“These are just some ways or strategies to help increase representation of women in leadership spaces, especially their participation in politics,” said Ms Singh.

The views of women such as Ms Radrodro, Ms Giva-Tuke and Ms Singh indicate not just what needs to be done to address this problem, but also how little has actually been done.  On his part, Mr Kamikamica has said all the right things, demonstrating a good understanding of the weaknesses in the system. What is lacking is the application of these ideas and sentiments in a real and practical sense. Unless this is done, the ideas will remain just that—ideas.

Disclaimer: This article was originally published in the Fiji Times and is republished here with the author’s kind permission. The opinions expressed in this piece are her own and do not represent the views of this publication.

Contributing Author: Monika Singh is a Teaching Assistant with the University of the South Pacific’s Journalism Programme and the Supervising Editor of the student newspaper Wansolwara.

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Four, including 58-year-old taxi driver, killed in fiery head-on crash near Perth Airport

Image: Tragic crash on Leach Highway near Perth Airport (Source: ABC News and 7News screenshots)

A tragic crash on Leach Highway near Perth Airport has left four people dead after police say the driver of a Toyota RAV4 SUV deliberately drove on the wrong side of the road.

It is being reported that the collision, which occurred at approximately 3:40 am on Monday, involved the SUV and a Toyota Camry taxi, resulting in the deaths of all occupants in both vehicles.

WA Police allege the SUV driver made a “conscious decision” to enter the highway via an off-ramp in the wrong direction. The RAV4, travelling at excessive speeds, struck the taxi head-on, causing it to burst into flames.

The victims included a 58-year-old taxi driver and two female passengers, a mother and daughter aged 81 and 56, who were seated in the back of the vehicle. The SUV driver, whose identity has not yet been confirmed, also perished in the crash.

Image: Tragic crash on Leach Highway near Perth Airport (Source: ABC News screenshots)

Detective Senior Sergeant Hugh Letessier described the scene as “horrific,” stating that four families have been devastated by the incident.

“It’s such a tragic event for all involved.”

Dash-cam footage retrieved from the SUV shows it speeding through the suburbs of Belmont and Cloverdale moments before the crash. Police are investigating whether the driver deliberately intended to cause harm or was under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

Image: WA Premier Roger Cook (Source: X)

WA Premier Roger Cook urged road users to prioritise safety and make responsible choices while driving.

“We need people to wear seatbelts, avoid distractions, and adhere to road rules.”

The highway was closed for over six hours as Major Crash investigators combed the scene for evidence. Police are appealing to witnesses and anyone with additional footage to contact Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000 or report online at www.crimestopperswa.com.au.

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The Australian dollar has hit a 5 year low

Representative image: AUD (Source: CANVA)

By John Hawkins

You may have seen stories the Australian dollar has “plummeted”. Sounds bad. But what does it mean and should you be worried?

The most-commonly quoted exchange rate in the Australian media has long been the Australian dollar/US dollar rate. On Tuesday midday it was at 0.62, meaning one Australian dollar can be exchanged for 62 US cents.

In late September 2024 an Australian dollar had been worth 69 US cents, so it has lost 10% in a little over three months.



What is the forex market?

There was a time when most exchange rates were fixed. But the Australian dollar was floated in 1983 by the newly elected Labor government. Floating the dollar means movements in the exchange rate are determined by the demand for, and supply of, Australian dollars in the foreign exchange market, widely known as the forex.

In the forex market, Australian companies wanting to import goods or buy services from the US sell Australian dollars to buy US dollars. Americans wanting to buy Australian goods sell US dollars and buy Australian dollars.

But most of the trading in financial markets is not done by exporters or importers but by speculators who hope to buy a currency at a low price and later sell it at a high price.

It is a very large market. Global turnover in the forex market is US$7.5 trillion a day. About 5% of this is trades between the Australian and US dollars.

The exchange rate fluctuates from day to day, indeed from minute to minute. Since it was floated in 1983, the Australia dollar has dropped to be worth less than half a US dollar in 2001.

But in 2010 the Australian dollar was worth a little more than a US dollar. Over the past couple of years it has usually traded in a range between around US 65 and US 70 cents.

What is causing the Australian dollar to drop against the US dollar?

The recent fall in the Australian dollar against the US dollar is more a matter of the US dollar being strong than the Australian dollar being weak. The US dollar has also risen against most other currencies.

The main reason the US dollar is stronger is that financial markets now do not expect interest rates there to fall as much as they expected earlier. This is because they are worried that inflation will be higher when President Trump raises tariffs and runs a larger budget deficit.

Does it matter?

The Australian dollar weakening against the US dollar is bad news if you are planning to have a holiday in the US or buy some imported goods from there. But America is not the world. Indeed, only about a tenth of Australian imports come from the US. China, ASEAN and the European Union are all more important sources.

To assess what will happen to the price of imports in Australia (and accordingly, to inflation), it is more useful to look at an average of exchange rates against different countries, putting greater weight on those which are major trading partners.

This is why the Reserve Bank calculates a trade-weighted index (TWI) as a measure of the exchange rate.



The Australian dollar has also weakened somewhat on the TWI basis, but much less than it has against the US dollar (about 5% since late September). The Reserve Bank board interpreted the weakness as reflecting financial markets’ concerns about the outlook for the Chinese economy.

The drop in the TWI is unlikely to affect materially the Reserve Bank’s forecast for inflation. It will therefore not affect the timing of any interest rate cut. Far more important here will be the inflation rate reported for the December quarter, to be released on January 29, and other macroeconomic data.

Is a weaker dollar always a bad thing?

As noted above, a weaker Australian dollar is bad news for Australian tourists going overseas. But it is good news for many Australian companies, their employees and their shareholders (which, indirectly through superannuation, is most of us).

A weaker Australian dollar makes Australia a more attractive destination for foreign tourists and students. Australian products will be cheaper in the local currencies of overseas customers so exporters can sell more. Australian firms competing with imports will do better when imports become more expensive.

At a time when domestic demand is weak, and real GDP barely growing, some economic stimulus from a weaker exchange rate may be a good thing.

Mining companies that sell commodities under contracts in US dollars now get more Australian dollars in revenue. Some of this revenue gets paid in tax to the Australian government. Indeed some commentators have suggested that the weaker Australian dollar may enable the government to post a third budget surplus.

John Hawkins, Senior Lecturer, Canberra School of Politics, Economics and Society, University of Canberra

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Australian Aboriginal and Indian Bhil artists create magic on Mumbai’s walls

Image: Dreams in Her Scapes artwork at Mumbai’s bustling Sassoon Dock (Photo Credit: @_sohilbelim / Source: Instagram - Startindia)

At Mumbai’s bustling Sassoon Dock, a striking mural, Dreams in Her Scapes, invites viewers into a shared dreamworld where two distinct cultures converge.

Image: Dreams in Her Scapes artwork at Mumbai’s bustling Sassoon Dock (Photo Credit: @_sohilbelim / Source: Instagram – Startindia)

This captivating piece of art was brought to life by Miriam Baadjo, a First Nations (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders) artist from Balgo, Australia, and Gangu Bai, a Bhil artist from Bhopal, India.

Image: Bhil artist Gangu Bai and First Nations artist Miriam Baadjo from Balgo, Australia, conducting workshop in Mumbai (Photo Credit: @_sohilbelim / Source: Instagram – Startindia)

Miriam Baadjo began her artistic journey by exploring Tjukurpa (creation stories) through glass and screen printing at the Adult Education Centre. Known for her vibrant and traditional approach, Miriam combines her deep cultural knowledge with a passion for colour mixing and technical mastery. She has exhibited widely both nationally and internationally, and her painting Watkutjarra inspired composer Nora Lewis to create the musical piece Onsight for the Darwin Symphony Orchestra.

Gangu Bai, from Jhabua district in Madhya Pradesh, learned painting from her family while helping with chores during festivals. Drawn to animals and trees, she initially painted on walls and floors, and for the past eight years, has explored canvas painting. Her works often depict themes such as the Gohari (Cattle festival), Gatala (memorial of the dead), and the peaceful Adivasi lifestyle.

United by the language of symbols and patterns, the mural explores deep-rooted themes of connection, resilience, and creation.

The Mumbai mural, according to the organisers, explores “the idea of interconnected nodes in storytelling—how dots, footsteps, and natural symbols serve as anchors for memory and identity.”

The concept of dreamscapes serves as the heart of the mural.

For Miriam, dreams are intertwined with Tjukurpa—the spiritual and creation stories passed down through her First Nations heritage. These stories map the relationships between people, the land, and the cosmos.

For Gangu, dreams express themselves through vibrant dots and patterns that recount stories of nature, community, and ritual in Bhil traditions.

Image: Dreams in Her Scapes artwork at Mumbai’s bustling Sassoon Dock (Photo Credit: @_sohilbelim / Source: Instagram – Startindia)

In this artwork, the artists merge their worldviews to depict dreams as powerful portals. These dreamscapes transcend time and place, connecting personal and ancestral memories while offering a space for reflection on humanity’s shared relationship with the world.

Image: Meet and greet at Gallery XXL, where Bhil artist Gangu Bai and First Nations artist Miriam Baadjo from Balgo, Australia shared their personal journeys (Photo Credit: @_sohilbelim / Source: Instagram – Startindia)

Sassoon Dock—an urban space steeped in history—adds a unique layer of meaning, making it the perfect setting for this convergence of two spiritual traditions within the vibrant city.

The mural’s intricate imagery, including natural symbols like footsteps, Kingfishers, and trees, weaves a tapestry of interconnected stories. Miriam’s use of Tjukurpa’s sacred symbolism blends seamlessly with Gangu’s vibrant depiction of nature, creating a visual dialogue across cultures.

Image: Meet and greet at Gallery XXL, where Bhil artist Gangu Bai and First Nations artist Miriam Baadjo from Balgo, Australia shared their personal journeys (Photo Credit: @_sohilbelim / Source: Instagram – Startindia)

As part of the project, artists Miriam Baadjo and Gangu Bai also hosted a hands-on workshop inviting participants to explore their origins through the prompt, “Dream the origin of your __.”

Image: Bhil artist Gangu Bai and First Nations artist Miriam Baadjo from Balgo, Australia, conducting workshop in Mumbai (Photo Credit: @_sohilbelim / Source: Instagram – Startindia)

Attendees reflected on personal or collective beginnings, transforming these thoughts into visual art using drawing and dotting techniques inspired by First Nations and Bhil traditions.

The creations were incorporated into the larger mural at Sassoon Dock, linking personal dreams with the mural’s collective narrative. The workshop provided insight into the artists’ processes, reinforcing the mural’s theme of interconnectedness between community, environment, and tradition.

Dreams in Her Scapes is a permanent addition to Sassoon Dock, providing a visual portal that encourages reflection on the universality of storytelling, while also honouring the specificities of First Nations and Bhil cultures.

The mural continues to evolve, inviting visitors to pause, connect, and contemplate the stories hidden within its vibrant patterns.

This artistic initiative was supported by the Australian Consulate-General in Mumbai, St+art India Foundation, Mumbai Port Trust, and Asian Paints, with coordination by Agency Projects.

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Albanese promises $3 billion to finish NBN rollout ahead of election showdown

File image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese (Source: X)

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese has pledged a $3 billion boost to complete the National Broadband Network (NBN) upgrade, promising high-speed internet to millions of Australians as both major parties gear up for the looming election.

The funding will extend fibre-to-the-node connections, reaching 622,000 homes, with over half of those located in regional and rural areas. Once finished by 2030, the upgrades will provide 11 million homes and businesses with access to speeds of up to 1GB per second, significantly outpacing the current average speed of 76.64 Mbps.

“Labor created the NBN, and only Labor will finish it,” Albanese declared, adding that the network would remain in public hands under his government.

NBN Co CEO Ellie Sweeney said the investment would provide essential internet infrastructure for a modern economy, supporting work-from-home, online learning, telehealth, and more.

File image: Communications Minister Michelle Rowland (Source: X)

Communications Minister Michelle Rowland highlighted that the funding would deliver faster, more reliable broadband to Australians currently stuck with outdated copper lines.

The announcement also set the stage for a fierce election battle, with Albanese accusing the Coalition of wanting to privatise the NBN. He challenged Opposition Leader Peter Dutton to guarantee the network’s public ownership.

“Last year, the Coalition voted against keeping the NBN in public hands. This time, they must choose: support public ownership or let the network be sold off to private interests,” Albanese said.

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Australia’s proactive approach against grooming gangs can be a model for global action

Image: Police station (Source: CANVA)

The recent resurgence of the grooming gang scandal in the United Kingdom (UK) serves as a stark reminder of the vulnerabilities that persist within our societies. It is being reported that over nearly four decades in towns like Rotherham, Oldham, Rochdale, Oxford, Bristol and Telford, allefedly organised groups of Pakistani men have preyed upon vulnerable young girls, including Hindu and Sikh, exploiting systemic failures and societal blind spots.

Public inquiries revealed systemic failures by police and local authorities to address the abuse, with the Jay Report in 2014 exposing the extent of the scandal in Rotherham, where over 1,400 girls were exploited between 1997 and 2013. Operation Stovewood, the UK’s largest investigation, has secured convictions for around 30 individuals.

Further inquiries, such as in Telford and Rochdale, have identified over 1,000 victims and sentenced dozens of perpetrators, but many remain a risk. Critics argue systemic biases contributed to a “two-tier” justice system, with authorities failing to act decisively against allegedly ethnic minority offenders.

The aftermath has been a national reckoning, with calls for accountability and justice reverberating across the UK. Estimates from Childlight at the University of Edinburgh suggest that over 300 million children worldwide have been affected by online abuse, with one in eight experiencing non-consensual image offences and online solicitation. Additionally, a report from the National Crime Agency last year warned that child sexual abuse online is likely increasing and becoming more complex.

Australia too is not immune to such challenges, especially with reports of organised grooming gangs targeting vulnerable children and cases of online exploitation highlighting the need for vigilance and proactive measures.

In 2014, reports have surfaced of organised gangs targeting children in Victoria’s residential care, luring them with drugs, money, and alcohol. These predators exploit the very systems designed to protect our youth, turning safe havens into hunting grounds.

Recognising the gravity of these threats, the Victorian Government implemented a series of measures aimed at safeguarding children:

  • Legislative Reforms: The introduction of offences such as ‘failure to disclose’ and ‘failure to protect’ holds individuals and organisations accountable for the safety of children. These laws ensure that turning a blind eye is no longer an option.
  • Grooming Offence Legislation: Targeting predatory conduct designed to facilitate later sexual activity with a child, this legislation criminalises the preparatory actions of offenders, closing loopholes that previously allowed them to evade justice.
  • Collaborative Approaches: Since September 2012, a coordinated effort has been in place to respond to incidents of sexual exploitation and to train individuals working with at-risk adolescents. This multi-agency approach ensures that signs of exploitation are identified early and addressed promptly.

Additionally, the Australian Federal Police (AFP) and Australian Border Force (ABF) have demonstrated their unwavering commitment to combating grooming crimes, including those involving overseas-based victims.

These agencies efforts highlight a robust cross-border approach, where AFP worked closely with state police and international agencies to ensure justice and rescue young girls from harm.

These initiatives reflect a commitment to proactive governance, learning from international experiences to prevent similar atrocities on Australian soil. However, the fight against child exploitation is far from over. Continuous vigilance, community engagement, and unwavering political will are essential to adapt to evolving threats.

The UK’s experience, particularly hiding the ethnic or religious background, underscores the catastrophic consequences of complacency and denial. Australia’s response, characterised by proactive reporting, legislative action and collaborative efforts, offers a blueprint for other regions grappling with similar issues.

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Fiji celebrates World Hindi Day with poetry recitation and book launch

Image: Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister of Fiji, Prof. Biman Prasad at World Hindi Day in Suva (Source: X)
Image: Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister of Fiji, Prof. Biman Prasad at World Hindi Day in Suva (Source: X)

On 10 January 2025, the High Commission of India in Suva, Fiji, celebrated World Hindi Day with a vibrant kavi sammelan (poetry recitation), where 10 poets showcased their literary talents.

The event was graced by the Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister of Fiji, Prof. Biman Prasad, who served as the Chief Guest.

During the special programme, three books by Utra Kumari Gurdayal—Sahas, Jeevan Ki Muskaan, and Frangipani—were launched by Prof. Prasad.

Utra Kumari Gurdayal is a retired schoolteacher who was inspired to write after taking part in competitions run by local media.

The Deputy Prime Minister expressed his honour in celebrating the occasion with the launch of Utra Kumari Gurdayal’s inspiring books. He said,

“Her work highlights resilience, inclusivity, and cultural pride. Let’s keep the flame of Hindi burning brightly for future generations.”

World Hindi Day 2025 celebrates the global significance of the Hindi language, which ranks as the third most spoken language, with over 600 million speakers.

Known as Vishwa Hindi Divas, this annual observance aims to promote Hindi in international forums and encourage its use as a tool for global communication, highlighting its role in connecting people worldwide. This year it is marked under the theme, “A Global Voice of Unity and Cultural Pride,” which aims to encourage linguistic and global interchange by using the Hindi language.

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India’s largest-ever drug haul destroyed in historic operation

Image: Approximately 6,000 kgs of methamphetamine, worth 36,000 crores along with boat have been seized, where six Burmese nationals have been arrested (Source: X - @AndamanPolice)

The Andaman and Nicobar Police have destroyed of over 6,000 kg of methamphetamine, marking India’s largest maritime drug seizure.

The drugs, worth an estimated Rs 36,000 crore on the international market, were found aboard a fishing trawler near Barren Island in the Andaman Sea in November last year.

The operation kicked off on Saturday under the supervision of Director General of Police, Hargobinder Singh Dhaliwal, and was broadcast live from multiple locations across the country.

The incineration, taking place in a crematorium furnace in Sri Vijaya Puram, Port Blair, is designed to minimise environmental pollution, as other disposal methods such as open burning and water disposal were deemed less effective.

The drugs were originally seized after a Coast Guard Dornier aircraft noticed the trawler, which was headed for Thailand but had drifted into Indian waters due to a technical malfunction.

The six Myanmarese crew members on board were arrested and face charges under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act and the Foreigners Act.

The destruction of the drugs follows the guidelines of the Supreme Court and the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Rules of 2022.

The Andaman and Nicobar Police’s efforts, supported by the Indian Coast Guard, the Narcotics Control Bureau, and local authorities, reflect India’s determination to combat the growing drug menace as part of the nationwide ‘Nasha Mukt Bharat’ campaign.

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Tennis is facing an existential crisis over doping. How will it respond?

Representative image: Tennis (Source: CANVA)

By Richard Vaughan and Catherine Ordway

As the Australian Open gets under way in Melbourne, the sport is facing a crisis over positive doping tests involving two of the biggest stars in tennis.

Last March, the top-ranked men’s player, Jannik Sinner, tested positive for clostebol, a banned anabolic agent, twice. The substance was quickly traced to a product that was used to treat a cut on the hand of Sinner’s physiotherapist.

The International Tennis Integrity Agency’s (ITIA) independent tribunal cleared Sinner of any fault or negligence. However, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has appealed that decision, putting Sinner’s future in the sport in doubt. He faces a potential two-year ban if the appeal is successful. It will be heard in April.

Then, in August, Iga Swiatek, a former women’s No. 1, tested positive for a banned substance, trimetazidine (also known as TMZ). She said a medicine she took to help her sleep, melatonin, had been contaminated. The ITIA also cleared her of any significant fault, giving her a one-month suspension.

Both players steadfastly maintain their innocence. Sinner points out the amount of clostebol found in his system was less than a billionth of a gram.

Given the stature of the two players, the controversial positive tests have upended the tennis world. Many players fear they could similarly fall victim to inadvertent positive tests through contaminated supplements, medications or the actions of their support teams.

Others have criticised what they perceive as a light punishment for Sinner and Swiatek. Nick Kyrgios has gone so far as to say tennis is “cooked”. This succinctly captures the growing frustration within the sport.

It’s clear that tennis has a problem, which has the potential to tarnish its reputation. So, how will it move forward?

The fairness of ‘strict liability’

As WADA laboratories develop more sophisticated technologies to test athletes, so-called “adverse analytical findings” (or positive tests) are becoming increasingly common.

It’s not just tennis. Figure skating, swimming and many other sports have been rocked by doping scandals in recent years. These cases have divided athletes, national anti-doping organisations and armchair pundits alike.

Sinner’s case has become a focal point for the treatment of inadvertent anti-doping rule violations under the WADA Code’s “strict liability” principle.

The principle – effectively an “absolute liability” requirement – mandates athletes are ultimately accountable for any banned substance found in their bodies, regardless of intent. WADA’s appeal in Sinner’s case speaks to this – it is directly questioning the “no fault or negligence” finding by the tennis tribunal that cleared him of wrongdoing.

While the “strict liability” principle is intended to ensure fairness and circumvent any “dog ate my homework” excuses, the Sinner and Swiatek cases raise questions about athletes who test positive due to inadvertent contamination.

As Michele Verroken, an anti-doping policy expert, and Catherine Ordway (one of the authors here) argued in relation to meat contamination doping cases, the “strict liability” principle does not sufficiently differentiate between intentional doping and accidental exposure.

As we see it, the biggest challenge for WADA is how to achieve its goal of standardising procedures across all sports, while also considering each individual case on its own merits.

Another issue relates to the role of athlete support teams in doping cases.

Sinner fired his physio after his positive test, yet he’s the one who faces a potential two-year ban. The need for better accountability, education and certification for support teams is paramount, as their actions can significantly affect athletes’ careers.

Inconsistencies in approach and punishments

In addition, there are too many contradictions and inconsistencies in how athletes are treated in the system.

Australian swimmer Shayna Jack, for instance, received a reduced two-year ban for unintentional ingestion of a minute amount of the muscle growth agent Ligandrol. She was branded a drug cheat and had to raise A$50,000 through crowd-funding to pay her legal bills.

Tennis player Simona Halep, who missed 18 months for a positive doping test from what she claimed was a contaminated supplement, complained of “completely different approaches” between her case and Swiatek’s. She said:

I sit and wonder, ‘Why such a big difference in treatment and judgement?’ I can’t find, and I don’t think there can be, a logical answer.

And Russian figure skater Kamila Valieva is currently serving a four-year ban after testing positive for the same banned substance as Swiatek. The vastly different outcomes in these two cases are difficult for everyday sports fans to comprehend.

Some tennis players have complained that Swiatek and Sinner were able to skirt harsher punishment because they had the financial means to pay for expensive laboratory analysis and top legal teams.

“Different rules for different players,” 2021 Wimbledon semifinalist Denis Shapovalov wrote on X.

These inconsistencies have the potential to damage athletes’ trust in the system. As Kyrgios put it:

Tennis integrity right now, and everyone knows it but no one wants to speak about it, it’s awful.

While privacy and confidentiality need to be balanced with transparency, the seemingly inconsistent penalties without clear explanations create enormous harm.

The systemic inequities between high-profile and lower-ranked athletes in cases like these also need to be addressed for WADA to achieve its aim of a truly “standardised” doping control regime.

What happens next?

The Court of Arbitration for Sport is set to deliver its ruling on WADA’s appeal in Sinner’s case in the coming months. This decision could set a precedent for how inadvertent doping cases are handled, influencing not only tennis, but also other sports.

Yet, systemic reforms are urgently needed, including:

  • stronger accountability for support personnel implicated in positive tests (especially involving minors)
  • means-tested funding to support athletes seeking to identify the source of minuscule amounts of detected substances (including legal advice)
  • better education for athletes and their entourages to understand their shared responsibility.

Any reforms would require funding. Yet WADA is facing a financial crisis after the US government defaulted on its contribution to the organisation in a stoush over its decision to clear Chinese swimmers to compete at the Tokyo Olympics after they tested positive for TMZ.

While tennis and other sports might not yet be “cooked”, the pressure on WADA to implement reforms is undeniably rising. For tennis and other sports to uphold integrity, the organisation must embrace reforms that balance fairness, transparency and accountability.

Richard Vaughan, PhD Researcher Sport Integrity, University of Canberra and Catherine Ordway, Associate Professor Sport Management and Sport Integrity Lead, University of Canberra

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Modi urges diaspora to preserve history and contribute to India’s development by 2047

Image: India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressing the 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) convention in Bhubaneswar, Odisha (Source: X)

Prime Minister Narendra Modi called for the documentation of the Indian diaspora’s remarkable journey, urging the community to preserve its history through the digitisation of documents, films, and documentaries.

Addressing the 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) convention in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Modi praised the Indian diaspora for their pivotal role in India’s independence and continued contributions to the nation’s growth.

Modi also invited the diaspora to assist in shaping India’s future, aiming to make the country a developed nation by 2047.

In his speech, Modi expressed pride in the achievements of the Indian diaspora, whom he regards as ambassadors of India. He lauded their accomplishments across various countries, emphasising how their contributions have enriched societies worldwide.

Modi encouraged diaspora members to document the inspiring stories of their predecessors, such as the Girmitiya community, who had journeyed to distant lands, turning challenges into opportunities.

Modi’s call to action extended to the creation of a database and an Oral History Project to capture the stories of Indian immigrants and their descendants. He proposed establishing a university chair to study the Girmitiya legacy and urged the diaspora to gather annually at the World Girmitiya Conference. He also suggested that diaspora members collaborate in efforts to digitise historical materials, making their stories accessible to future generations.

The Prime Minister highlighted the importance of the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas in strengthening the bond between India and its diaspora. He shared how the event celebrates Indian heritage, with the 2025 edition taking place in Odisha, a region with deep maritime connections to Southeast Asia. Modi connected this to India’s broader goal of reinforcing its ‘Act East’ policy while connecting the diaspora to their roots.

Modi’s address also celebrated India’s rising global stature, emphasising the country’s progress and its growing influence on the global stage. He praised the diaspora for their role in amplifying India’s voice, particularly in advocating for the Global South. He also noted that India’s rapid economic development has lifted millions out of poverty and set the country on a path to become the third-largest economy in the world.

In a poignant moment, Modi acknowledged the diaspora’s contributions to India’s independence in 1947 and the ongoing role they play in the country’s development. He encouraged members to engage in heritage tourism, not only by visiting major cities but also by exploring India’s smaller towns and villages. He urged them to share India’s rich culture, history, and progress with their non-Indian friends, further strengthening global ties.

The prime minister also stressed the importance of India’s youth, encouraging them to embrace education opportunities such as the ‘Study in India’ programme and take part in initiatives like the “Bharat Ko Janiye” quiz to learn about India’s heritage and history. Modi highlighted that the diaspora should help spread the true story of India’s prosperity, struggles, and achievements, noting that the next generation in many countries may be unaware of the depth of India’s history.

Modi’s call to action extended to purchasing and promoting ‘Made in India’ products, urging diaspora members to contribute to the country’s economic development by supporting Indian goods. He also touched upon the emotional connection between the diaspora and India, encouraging them to plant a tree in their mother’s name as a symbol of their bond with their homeland.

With the Pravasi Bharatiya Express also launched as part of the celebrations, Modi expressed hope that the train would provide an opportunity for diaspora members to connect with India’s spiritual, historical, and cultural heritage. He concluded by wishing everyone a prosperous 2025 and reaffirmed India’s commitment to assisting its diaspora, no matter where they are in the world.

Image: Prof. Ajay Rane (Source: Queensland Government) and Image: Swami Sanyuktanand founder of the Fiji Sevashram Sangha (Source: Facebook -Fiji Sevashram Sangha)

This yea, Australia’s Prof. Ajay Rane and  Fiji’s Swami Sanyuktanand have been announced as recipients of the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Award (PBSA), highest honour for overseas Indians.

Prof. Ajay Rane is recognised for his outstanding contributions to community service. A professor and staunch advocate for women’s health, Prof. Rane’s work in Australia has led to transformative changes in maternal healthcare and social equity.

Equally notable is the recognition of Swami Sanyuktanand from Fiji, whose humanitarian and spiritual leadership has been pivotal for over two decades.

As the founder of the Fiji Sevashram Sangha, established in April 2000, he has been the driving force behind its growth into one of Fiji’s largest and most effective humanitarian and spiritual organisations. Initially based at Suva’s Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Swami Sanyuktanand collaborated with community leaders to lay the foundation for the Sangha, initiating activities like student camps, Purnima pooja, and disaster relief efforts.

Video: PM Modi addresses the Pravasi Bharati Divas Convention in Odisha (Source: PMO India)

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What would you do with $975 million? Indian-origin entrepreneur who sold startup to Atlassian has “no idea”

Image: Vinay Hiremath (Source: Instagram)

In 2023, Vinay Hiremath achieved a milestone most entrepreneurs only dream of, selling his video-messaging startup Loom to Atlassian for a staggering $975 million. Yet, the co-founder’s personal blog post, titled “I’m rich and have no idea what to do with my life,” reveals that financial success hasn’t brought him clarity or fulfillment. Instead, Hiremath admits to feeling lost, unmotivated, and unmoored in a haze of infinite freedom but with no compelling purpose.

Image: Vinay Hiremath (Source: Instagram)

“Life has been a haze this last year. Everything feels like a side quest, but not in an inspiring way,” he wrote.

“I don’t have the same base desires driving me to make money or gain status. I have infinite freedom, yet I don’t know what to do with it, and, honestly, I’m not the most optimistic about life.”

The Indian-origin entrepreneur shared raw and vulnerable insights into his journey, touching on turning down a $60 million pay package, the painful end of a two-year relationship, and failed attempts to find purpose in ventures like robotics, mountaineering, and even a brief stint working with Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy at DOGE.

Image: Vinay Hiremath (Source: Instagram)

Hiremath’s path to success was anything but linear. He dropped out of the University of Illinois, interned at Facebook, and honed his engineering skills at startups like Backplane and Upthere.

In 2015, he co-founded Loom alongside Shahed Khan and Joe Thomas, creating a video platform now used by over 25 million users in 400,000 companies globally. Despite its groundbreaking success, he walked away from Loom and its acquiring company, choosing personal exploration over wealth accumulation.

Image: Vinay Hiremath (Source: Instagram)

Reflecting on his insecurities, Hiremath admitted that Loom’s rapid rise inflated expectations—both his own and others’.

“When we went through our first round of layoffs, my ego was hitched to the company, and I lost myself.”

This spiralled into a period of soul-searching marked by radical choices, including summiting Himalayan peaks with no mountaineering experience.

After experimenting with projects that left him unfulfilled, Hiremath landed in Hawaii, studying physics in the jungle. His blog captures his embrace of ambiguity and the humility it brings.

“If this means I’ll never do something as spectacular as Loom, so be it. It’s been too long since I’ve been completely raw and real with myself.”

Hiremath’s honest reflection sheds light on the seldom-discussed challenges of post-success life. It appears that for now, his journey is less about conquering the next frontier and more about rediscovering himself.

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Hindu Council denounces synagogue vandalism, calls media to use ‘Hakenkreuz,’ not ‘Swastika,’ for Nazi hate symbol

Swastika is not Hakenkreuz (Nazi Symbol); Image Source: @CANVA
Swastika is not Hakenkreuz (Nazi Symbol); Image Source: @CANVA

The Hurstville Synagogue in southern Sydney, targeted by anti-Semitic graffiti in a disturbing act of vandalism, has drawn widespread condemnation and sparked calls for unity against hate.

The Hindu Council of Australia (HCA) has strongly condemned the anti-Semitic vandalism, however, it has urged media outlets to stop referring to the Nazi hate symbol as the “Swastika” and instead use its correct name, “Hakenkreuz.”

The HCA emphasised the Swastika’s sacred significance, not only to Hindus but also to other religions, including Buddhists and Jains.

“Calling the Nazi hate symbol by the wrong name spreads hate and shows a lack of understanding of religious sensitivities,” the council stated in solidarity with the Jewish community.

HCA President Sai Paravastu highlighted the council’s ongoing efforts to correct this misconception.

“I have written emails to The Australian, SMH, 9NEWS, ABC, and other outlets wherever I found references to the Swastika in articles about synagogue vandalism. While it has been challenging, I’ve started receiving some responses from reporters,”

he said.

George Foster, president of the Hurstville Synagogue, described the attack as deeply distressing. “It’s unbelievable this is happening in Australia,” Foster remarked, noting parallels with Germany in 1933 when Jewish institutions and homes were targeted with hateful symbols. Foster, whose parents were Holocaust survivors, expressed concern over the growing frequency of such incidents.

NSW Premier Chris Minns condemned the attack, assuring the community of the government’s commitment to combating hate crimes. “This horrifying and hateful act is not representative of our acceptance of and closeness to the Jewish community,” he said, adding that those responsible for spreading hate would not be tolerated.

The incident has intensified calls for stronger measures to address the rise of anti-Semitism in Australia. Community leaders and advocacy groups, including the HCA, have stressed the need for greater education, unity, and action to counter such acts of intolerance.

The HCA’s statement underscored its commitment to promoting peace, respect, and understanding across communities. “We stand in solidarity with our Jewish friends in times of their troubles and advocate for mutual respect and harmony,” the council said.

As investigations continue, the Hurstville Synagogue is working closely with authorities to enhance its security and prevent further attacks. Meanwhile, advocacy groups continue to push for a more accurate and respectful understanding of cultural and religious symbols to foster greater inclusivity and tolerance in Australian society.

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$88 million Alkimos Aquatic and Recreation Centre begins construction in Perth’s north

Image: Construction begins at Alkimos Aquatic and Recreation Centre in Perth’s north (Source: X)

Construction has officially begun on the eagerly awaited Alkimos Aquatic and Recreation Centre in Perth’s northern suburbs, a project designed to cater to the growing needs of the local community and future generations.

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese marked the milestone at a sod-turning ceremony, joined by Federal Member for Pearce Tracey Roberts and Mayor of Wanneroo Linda Aitken.

Speaking at the event, PM Albanese emphasised the broader vision behind the initiative.

“Building Australia’s future is about so much more than bricks and mortar—it’s about creating a better life for Australians. Projects like this create communities.”

Situated in Alkimos, identified as a key growth area within Wanneroo’s Northern Coastal Growth Corridor, the $88 million centre is a significant investment in community infrastructure. Designed as a state-of-the-art facility, it will feature three indoor pools, an outdoor 50-metre competition pool, multi-use indoor sports courts, a gymnasium, childcare and community spaces, and a health suite.

Tracey Roberts, Federal Member for Pearce, highlighted the centre’s potential to transform the region. “This project will serve as a hub for learn-to-swim programs, physical activity, and social connections, strengthening the fabric of our community,” she said. Reflecting on her long-standing advocacy for the project, Roberts added,

“My commitment has been unwavering. Today’s sod-turning event marks the realisation of years of fierce advocacy.”

Expected to support 250 construction jobs and 42 ongoing roles, the centre promises a significant economic boost for Wanneroo. “This project is not just about a pool—it’s about creating opportunities and fostering social cohesion,” said Catherine King, Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, and Local Government. She described the centre as a “terrific community facility” made possible through strong funding partnerships.

The collaboration includes $30 million from the Albanese Government, $12.6 million from the Cook Government, and $45.3 million from the City of Wanneroo. WA Sport and Recreation Minister David Templeman hailed the project as a landmark investment for Perth’s northern corridor.

“This is a fantastic project that will benefit residents for generations to come.”

For Linda Aitken, Mayor of the City of Wanneroo, the moment was a triumph for local advocacy.

“This centre has been a high priority since 2018, and it’s exciting to deliver a state-of-the-art facility that enables our residents to lead healthy and active lifestyles.”

Set to become a focal point for community interaction and recreation, the Alkimos Aquatic and Recreation Centre exemplifies a shared commitment to building not just infrastructure, but vibrant, connected communities.

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Dutton makes personal appeal to voters, promising migration cuts and economic stability

Peter Dutton at Katie Allen's election launch- Image Source; Liberal Party Handout
Peter Dutton at Katie Allen's election launch- Image Source; Liberal Party Handout

Peter Dutton has launched the coalition’s first campaign rally ahead of the upcoming federal election, making a direct and personal appeal to voters while pledging to rein in government spending and address cost-of-living pressures.

The event, held in the marginal Labor-held electorate of Chisholm in Melbourne’s east, signalled the coalition’s strategy to target key battleground seats as it seeks to unseat the Albanese government in its first term.

Addressing the crowd of more than 100 party members and supporters, Mr Dutton emphasised his vision to reverse what he described as Australia’s “decline” under Labor. He called the upcoming election a last chance to restore hope and opportunity for struggling Australians.

“This election is about the future of our country,” Mr. Dutton said.

“It’s about ensuring that every Australian has a chance to achieve their dreams—whether it’s owning a home, raising a family, or running a small business.”

Mr Dutton spoke about his own upbringing in Brisbane’s suburbs, where he said he learned the value of hard work and community. “I’m proud of my background as a working-class Australian, a former police officer, and a small-business owner,” he said.

“I know what it means to work hard, to struggle, and to want something better for your family. That’s why I am committed to policies that put everyday Australians first.”

The opposition leader criticised Labor’s $300 energy rebate, describing it as a “sugar hit” that, while appreciated by many, does little to address broader economic challenges.

“Under this government, Australians are paying the price for bad decisions. Interest rates are higher for longer because of these short-term fixes. We need solutions that bring inflation down, not quick handouts,”

he said.
Peter Dutton; Leader of Opposition; Image Source: Liberal Party Handout

In a bid to tackle the nation’s housing crisis, Mr Dutton linked affordability issues to migration policies and vowed to reduce government spending. He also reiterated the coalition’s commitment to Medicare, promising no cuts under his leadership.

“Health care is a fundamental right. I want Australians to know that under a coalition government, Medicare is not going anywhere,”

he assured.

Key coalition figures attended the rally, including Nationals leader David Littleproud, Victorian opposition leader Brad Battin, and federal deputy Liberal leader Sussan Ley. Former MP Katie Allen, who is contesting Chisholm for the Liberals, a seat that has historically aligned with the winning party in federal elections, is a major target for the coalition as it seeks to reclaim lost ground from Labor.

Outside the event, protesters voiced their opposition to the coalition’s policies, particularly its stance on nuclear energy. Around 20 unionists and community members gathered with signs and a giant inflatable fish featuring three eyes, symbolising their concerns about nuclear power. Chants for increased investment in renewable energy filled the air as attendees arrived at the venue.

Mr Dutton did not shy away from attacking Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, painting him as a career politician disconnected from the struggles of everyday Australians. “Mr Albanese, who loves fighting Tories and who always plays the man and not the ball, has characterised this election for Australians as a ‘future war,’” Mr Dutton said.

Peter Dutton; Leader of Opposition; Image Source: Liberal Party Handout

“For him, what matters most is political victory, whereas I want our country to be victorious.”

Health Minister Mark Butler responded sharply to Mr Dutton’s remarks, accusing him of failing to offer meaningful solutions to Australia’s challenges. “Peter Dutton thinks he can skate to victory at the upcoming election simply on rhetoric and sledging,” Mr. Butler said.

“His record as health minister includes freezing the Medicare rebate and trying to impose a $7 co-payment for GP visits. Australia’s doctors described him as the worst health minister in the history of Medicare.”

Political analysts have noted that cost-of-living concerns, or “kitchen-table economics,” will dominate the federal election. Griffith University associate professor Paul Williams observed that Labor’s early campaign blitz reflects concerns about losing seats. “Campaigning in January, full stop, is usually considered a moot point because people aren’t paying attention,” he said.

“But Labor is fearful the damage could be substantial, so they’ve come out hoping to catch the coalition napping.”

Mr Dutton’s decision to launch his campaign in Chisholm, rather than traditional Liberal strongholds like Queensland, signals a shift in strategy. “The keys to The Lodge lie in three places—Perth, Sydney, and Melbourne,” Professor Williams said.

“The coalition knows it must focus on these battlegrounds to have any chance of winning.”

As the federal election approaches, with a deadline of May 17, both parties are sharpening their pitches to voters. While the Albanese government emphasises its achievements, such as wage increases and housing reforms, the coalition is banking on its promise to restore economic stability and opportunity for all Australians. The campaign trail is set to intensify as both leaders vie for the public’s trust and the chance to shape the nation’s future.

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Going for a bushwalk? 3 handy foods to have in your backpack

Representative image: Bushwalk (Source: CANVA)

By Margaret Murray

This time of year, many of us love to get out and spend time in nature. This may include hiking through Australia’s many beautiful national parks.

Walking in nature is a wonderful activity, supporting both physical and mental health. But there can be risks and it’s important to be prepared.

You may have read the news about hiker, Hadi Nazari, who was recently found alive after spending 13 days lost in Kosciuszko National Park.

He reportedly survived for almost two weeks in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales by drinking fresh water from creeks, and eating foraged berries and two muesli bars.

So next time you’re heading out for a day of hiking, what foods should you pack?

Here are my three top foods to carry on a bushwalk that are dense in nutrients and energy, lightweight and available from the local grocery store.

1. Muesli bars

Nazari reportedly ate two muesli bars he found in a mountain hut. Whoever left the muesli bars there made a great choice.

Muesli bars come individually wrapped, which helps them last longer and makes them easy to transport.

They are also a good source of energy. Muesli bars typically contain about 1,5001,900 kilojoules per 100 grams. The average energy content for a 35g bar is about 614kJ.

This may be a fraction of what you’d usually need in a day. However, the energy from muesli bars is released at a slow to moderate pace, which will help keep you going for longer.

Muesli bars are also packed with nutrients. They contain all three macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein and fat) that our body needs to function. They’re a good source of carbohydrates, in particular, which are a key energy source. An average Australian muesli bar contains 14g of whole grains, which provide carbohydrates and dietary fibre for long-lasting energy.

Muesli bars that contain nuts are typically higher in fat (19.9g per 100g) and protein (9.4g per 100g) than those without.

Fat and protein are helpful for slowing down the release of energy from foods and the protein will help keep you feeling full for longer.

There are many different types of muesli bars to choose from. I recommend looking for those with whole grains, higher dietary fibre and higher protein content.

2. Nuts

Nuts are nature’s savoury snack and are also a great source of energy. Cashews, pistachios and peanuts contain about 2,300-2,400kJ per 100g while Brazil nuts, pecans and macadamias contain about 2,700-3,000kJ per 100g. So a 30g serving of nuts will provide about 700-900kJ depending on the type of nut.

Just like muesli bars, the energy from nuts is released slowly. So even a relatively small quantity will keep you powering on.

Nuts are also full of nutrients, such as protein, fat and fibre, which will help to stave off hunger and keep you moving for longer.

When choosing which nuts to pack, almost any type of nut is going to be great.

Peanuts are often the best value for money, or go for something like walnuts that are high in omega-3 fatty acids, or a nut mix.

Whichever nut you choose, go for the unsalted natural or roasted varieties. Salted nuts will make you thirsty.

Nut bars are also a great option and have the added benefit of coming in pre-packed serves (although nuts can also be easily packed into re-usable containers).

If you’re allergic to nuts, roasted chickpeas are another option. Just try to avoid those with added salt.

3. Dried fruit

If nuts are nature’s savoury snack, fruit is nature’s candy. Fresh fruits (such as grapes, frozen in advance) are wonderfully refreshing and perfect as an everyday snack, although can add a bit of weight to your hiking pack.

So if you’re looking to reduce the weight you’re carrying, go for dried fruit. It’s lighter and will withstand various conditions better than fresh fruit, so is less likely to spoil or bruise on the journey.

There are lots of varieties of dried fruits, such as sultanas, dried mango, dried apricots and dried apple slices.

These are good sources of sugar for energy, fibre for fullness and healthy digestion, and contain lots of vitamins and minerals. So choose one (or a combination) that works for you.

Don’t forget water

Next time you head out hiking for the day, you’re all set with these easily available, lightweight, energy- and nutrient-dense snacks.

This is not the time to be overly concerned about limiting your sugar or fat intake. Hiking, particularly in rough terrain, places demands on your body and energy needs. For instance, an adult hiking in rough terrain can burn upwards of about 2,000kJ per hour.

And of course, don’t forget to take plenty of water.

Having access to even limited food, and plenty of fresh water, will not only make your hike more pleasurable, it can save your life.

Margaret Murray, Senior Lecturer, Nutrition, Swinburne University of Technology

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Sikh Youth UK leaders Rajbinder Kaur and Kaldip Singh convicted of charity fraud

Image: Sikh Youth UK leaders Rajbinder Kaur and Kaldip Singh Lehal (Source: West Midlands Police - Website)

A Birmingham brother and sister, Rajbinder Kaur, 55, and Kaldip Singh Lehal, 43, have been sentenced for fraudulently misusing charitable donations meant for good causes, stealing £50,000 (AUD95,000).

West Midlands Police said in a statement that the siblings, formerly of Hamstead Road, were arrested in July 2019 after investigations revealed they had been misusing funds raised under the guise of a charitable organisation they ran, Sikh Youth UK (SYUK).

SYUK was founded in 2016 and hosted multiple fundraising events, including a winter sleepout and a football tournament in 2018, collecting significant donations from the public.

Despite applying for charitable status, the Charity Commission closed the application after the siblings failed to provide necessary documentation.

It is reported that Rajbinder Kaur, a former bank worker, used her position to transfer funds from SYUK accounts into her personal accounts, using the stolen money to pay off personal debts, loans, and family expenses.

Investigators found she had opened over 50 personal bank accounts to conceal the flow of stolen funds.

Superintendent Annie Miller of West Midlands Police said:

“SYUK was clearly a means to fund her lifestyle and pay her debts off. Kaur’s actions amounted to stealing large amounts of money donated by local people for good causes.”

The case was described as a “long and complex investigation,” with West Midlands Police working closely with the Charity Commission to uncover the fraudulent activity.

The Charity Commission launched a statutory inquiry into SYUK in 2018 after receiving concerns from the police about the organisation’s funds. Their evidence played a key role in the conviction of the siblings.

Tim Hopkins, Deputy Director for Specialist Investigations at the Charity Commission, commented:

“The theft of charity funds for personal gain will not be tolerated. The convictions underline how seriously the courts take such offences.”

Rajbinder Kaur was sentenced to two years and eight months imprisonment for six counts of theft, one of money laundering, and providing false or misleading information to the Charity Commission under Section 60 of the Charities Act 2011. Kaldip Singh Lehal, received a four-month sentence suspended for 18 months, along with 80 hours of unpaid community work, for also providing false or misleading information to the Charity Commission.

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Fiji’s Cabinet reshuffle aims for efficiency amid public criticism over costs

Image: Ioane Naivalurua, Viliame Naupoto, and Mosese Drecala Bulitavu with Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka (Source: Fiji Government – Facebook)

The recent appointment of three new ministers and three assistant ministers by Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka has ignited public outrage, with taxpayers questioning the financial burden amidst existing economic struggles.

Image: Newly sworn in Ministers and Assistant Ministers with current Cabinet Minister at Government House last week (Source: Fiji Government – Facebook)

The three Members of Parliament who took their oaths of office as Cabinet Ministers before His Excellency the President, Turaga Bale Tui Cakau, Ratu Naiqama Lalabalavu, are:

  • Iowane Naivalurua as the Minister for Policing,
  • Viliame Naupoto as the Minister for Immigration, and
  • Mosese Drecala Bulitavu as the Minister for Environment and Climate Change.

The Assistant Ministers sworn in are:

  • Naisa Tatau Tuinaceva as the Assistant Minister for Public Works, Meteorological Services, and Transport,
  • Aliki Bia as the Assistant Minister for Information, and
  • Ratu Josaia Bulavakarua Niudamu as the Assistant Minister for Justice.

Critics argue the expanded Cabinet is unnecessary for a nation of Fiji’s size, especially during a period of austerity.

Image: Fiji’s Prime Minister Rabuka (Source: Fiji Government – Facebook)

Defending his decision, PM Rabuka stated that the changes aimed to improve government efficiency by alleviating workload pressures. He explained that some ministers were overloaded, including himself, and that the reshuffle was necessary to ensure efficiency in governance.

“Today’s events to me, are a blessing for the nation, and speaks to the patriotism of the Group of Nine and the steps that we must take as individuals to work to unite our nation.”

The new ministers will assume portfolios previously held by the Prime Minister, allowing him to focus on broader leadership responsibilities. Dismissing speculation that the reshuffle weakens the Opposition, he maintained that effective governance does not depend on numbers.

Funding for the new appointments, according to PM Rabuka, would come from within the existing budget.

Image: Finance Minister Professor Biman Prasad (Source: Fiji Government – Facebook)

Finance Minister Professor Biman Prasad confirmed this, noting that several ministries already had office spaces and staff in place, minimising additional costs. For newly established portfolios, such as policing, structural needs will be assessed.

Image: Dialogue Fiji Executive Director Nilesh Lal (Source: Facebook)

Public criticism has been swift, with Dialogue Fiji Executive Director Nilesh Lal labelling the Cabinet expansion excessive. He argued that such a move is unjustified for a nation of Fiji’s population size, particularly at a time when citizens are facing a 66% VAT hike and other austerity measures.

Additionally, Lal questioned the ambiguous roles of assistant ministers and accused the government of focusing on political consolidation rather than addressing urgent issues such as poverty, rising costs, and deteriorating infrastructure.

Image: Opposition MP Premila Kumar (Source: X)

Opposition MP Premila Kumar called the reshuffle a sham, alleging it rewards underperforming ministers at taxpayers’ expense. She described the move as a betrayal of public trust, accusing the government of prioritising alliances over accountability.

Image: Former opposition leader Mick Beddoes (Source: Fiji Times)

Former opposition leader Mick Beddoes also questioned the political motives behind the inclusion of six independent MPs in the Cabinet, suggesting it could be a strategy to consolidate power.

The Group of Nine (G9) were formerly members of a political party, which is now de-registered, so they have become independent members of Parliament under the Political Parties Act.

Image: Fiji’s Prime Minister Rabuka with His Excellency the President, Turaga Bale Tui Cakau, Ratu Naiqama Lalabalavu (Source: Fiji Government – Facebook)

Despite the additional parliamentary support gained through the reshuffle, PM Rabuka admitted that his government still falls short of the 75% threshold required to amend the 2013 Constitution. He emphasised the importance of constitutional reform and pledged to pursue it through democratic means.

“I am glad to say that they have coalesced into the Group of Nine, and after a few weeks of talks, they have now joined the Coalition Government.”

While the government justifies the reshuffle as a step towards improved efficiency, public scepticism remains high. Critics argue the move reflects misplaced priorities at a time when Fijians are grappling with significant economic and social challenges. Whether the reshuffle will deliver on its promises or deepen public disillusionment remains to be seen.

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Western Sydney couple charged with allegedly smuggling $5 million worth of heroin

Image: 10kg heroin seized in Sydney (Source: AFP)

A Western Sydney couple faced Downing Centre Local Court on 10 January 2025 after being charged with allegedly importing 10kg of heroin into Australia, hidden within their suitcases.

The 52-year-old man and 53-year-old woman, both from Canley Heights, were intercepted by Australian Border Force (ABF) officers at Sydney Airport upon their arrival from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, on Thursday, 9 January.

A baggage inspection revealed abnormalities in the lining of two suitcases, with initial tests confirming the presence of heroin.

Image: 10kg heroin seized in Sydney (Source: AFP)

The pair were charged by Australian Federal Police (AFP) with importing a commercial quantity of a border-controlled drug under section 307.1(1) of the Criminal Code (Cth). They were remanded in custody and are scheduled to reappear in court on 12 March 2025.

AFP Detective Acting Superintendent Dom Stephenson estimated the heroin’s street value at $5 million, equivalent to approximately 50,000 street deals.

“Illicit drugs like heroin cause significant harm to users, their loved ones, and the wider Australian community,” he said.

“The AFP and our partners are committed to thwarting the international drug trade and preventing our airports from being used as part of the criminal supply chain.”

Image: 10kg heroin seized in Sydney (Source: AFP)

ABF Superintendent Elke West praised her officers’ vigilance, emphasising the importance of stopping such destructive substances from entering the country.

“Heroin is an incredibly destructive drug. It rips apart families and does untold damage to those trapped in its grip,” Supt West said.

“Our message is clear: whatever illicit substance criminals try to import, and however they try to hide it, we will detect it, and they will face significant penalties.”

The heroin seizure highlights the ongoing collaboration between Australian law enforcement agencies in targeting the international drug trade.

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New excavation of ‘rings of mystery’ in Victoria reveals rich Aboriginal history

Image: The study area showing (A) the Sunbury landscape; (B) an aerial view of Sunbury Ring G; and (C) the location in southeastern Australia (figure courtesy of Zara Lasky-Davison). VicMap 2024, Department of Transport and Planning 2024, NearMap 2024, Google Satellite 2024

By Caroline Spry, Allan Wandin, Bobby Mullins, and Ron Jones

On the outskirts of Melbourne, Australia, there is a series of large rings which rise mysteriously out of hills.

These “earth rings”, located on Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Country in the suburb of Sunbury, aren’t natural phenomena. In fact, they represent large scale feats of human endeavour. They also represent the ancient and ongoing connection Aboriginal people have to Country.

Our new study, published today in Australian Archaeology, presents the results of the only known archaeological excavation of one of these rings combined with Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung understanding of these enigmatic places.

It expands our understanding of the richness and diversity of Australia’s archaeological record, created over more than 65,000 years of continuous occupation by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

Earth ring on Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Country, near Sunbury, Victoria. David Mullins

Secret and sacred locations of initiation and ceremony

Earth rings have been reported across the world, including in England, Amazonia and Cambodia.

People created these rings hundreds to thousands of years ago. They did so by excavating and heaping together earth in a large circle (or circles) measuring up to hundreds of metres in diameter.

In eastern Australia, earth rings are understood to represent secret and sacred locations of initiation and ceremony for different Aboriginal language groups.

Many earth rings were destroyed following European colonisation and land development. It’s estimated that hundreds of earth rings once existed in New South Wales and Queensland alone. But only around 100 remain today. A smaller number of rings are documented in Victoria – including five earth rings in Sunbury.

Reading the landscape

The Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung people are the Traditional Custodians of a large area in central-southern Victoria. This area includes much of greater Melbourne and surrounds.

In 2021–22, Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung people led the first cultural values study of the broader landscape that encompasses the five Sunbury earth rings.

For Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung people, this landscape holds immense cultural significance.

It reflects a deep history of occupation, colonisation, resistance, adaptation, self-determination and resilience. It is where Liwik (Ancestors) have lived, travelled, gathered together and raised successive generations of people.

Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung people have actively managed this landscape over thousands of years. This is in accordance with their traditional lore and customs relating to creation ancestors Bunjil and Waa.

Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung people today continue to hold traditional responsibilities to care for Country. The Narrap team is currently working to restore and preserve the health of this important cultural landscape.

Sunbury Ring G, biik wurrdha (Jacksons Creek) and the Sunbury landscape (video courtesy of David Mullins).

New archaeological excavations

In 2022, Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung people led a new archaeological excavation of one of the rings, known as Sunbury Ring G.

Sunbury Ring G represents a place where Liwik travelled and came together, and of probable ceremony. It is also a highly significant location between the traditional lands of the Marin bulluk and Wurundjeri wilam clans of Woi-wurrung speaking people, separated by biik wurrdha (also known as Jacksons Creek).

Archaeologist David Frankel first excavated Sunbury Ring G in 1979. To date, no other excavation of an earth ring is known in Australia.

Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung people led the dating and re-analysis of the 166 stone artefacts found during the 1979 excavations.

This involved dating the ring deposits to estimate when the ring was made. It also involved piecing the artefacts back together like a jigsaw, and studying residues and wear patterns on their surfaces and edges. This provides clues on how Woi-wurrung speaking people made and used stone tools at Sunbury Ring G.

Group of people standing around a table looking at stone artefacts.
From left to right, Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Elders Ron Jones and Allan Wandin; and David Frankel, Delta Lucille Freedman and Caroline Spry examining artefacts from Sunbury Ring G at Melbourne Museum. Caroline Spry

An ancient ring

The results of our study reveal Woi-wurrung speaking people constructed the ring sometime between 590 and 1,400 years ago. They spent time in the area clearing the land and plants, scraping back soil and rock to create the ring mound and layering rocks to create stone arrangements.

They also lit campfires, made stone tools which they used on a variety of plants and animals, and moved items around the ring’s interior.

Figure showing various stone tools.
Skin working tools from Sunbury Ring G. Elspeth Hayes

Wear patterns and residues on some of the stone artefacts suggest Woi-wurrung speaking people may have also used some of these stone tools to create feather adornments and scar human skin for ceremony. This practice has been documented in other parts of Victoria.

Our study is the first to combine cultural and archaeological insights on earth rings in Australia.

It demonstrates the importance of further investigating and preserving these earth rings, as well as others known to occur across eastern Australia. This is especially important in the face of continued threats by land development and climate change which threaten the survival of earth rings.


The authors of this article acknowledge Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Elders and community, Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Cultural Heritage Aboriginal Corporation, Aunty Di Kerr, Delta Lucille Freedman, Elspeth Hayes, Garrick Hitchcock, Wendy Morrison, Richard Fullagar, Rebekah Kurpiel, Nathan Jankowski, Zara Lasky-Davison, Ariana Spencer-Gardner, Lauren Modra, Lauren Gribble, Maria Daikos, Matthew Meredith-Williams, Paul Penzo-Kajewski, Jamie Rachcoff, Allison Bruce, Tracy Martens, Western Water, Hume City Council, Parks Victoria, Museums Victoria (including Rob McWilliams). The Victorian Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action (formerly known as the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning) funded this study.

Caroline Spry, Adjunct Senior Research Fellow, Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University; Allan Wandin, Elder of Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Cultural Heritage Aboriginal Corporation, Indigenous Knowledge; Bobby Mullins, Elder of Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Cultural Heritage Aboriginal Corporation, Indigenous Knowledge, and Ron Jones, Elder of Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung Cultural Heritage Aboriginal Corporation, Indigenous Knowledge

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Surveillance, suppression, and soul: Inner vs. outer worlds in dystopian literature

Image: Dystopian literature

By Prakhar Shukla

Dystopian literature often grapples with the conflict between the inner and outer worlds of individuals living under oppressive regimes. In these narratives, the external environment—characterised by surveillance, control, and manipulation—exerts significant influence on the individual’s psyche, shaping their beliefs, desires, and actions.

The inner world, in contrast, is often portrayed as the last refuge of autonomy, where rebellion, introspection, and the pursuit of truth take place. This tension between the external world of societal oppression and the internal world of personal rebellion and self-discovery serves as a powerful theme in many works.

In 1984, George Orwell portrays a terrifying vision of totalitarianism, where the boundaries between the inner and outer worlds are obliterated. The Party controls not only actions but thoughts, with surveillance technologies like telescreens ensuring constant observation. The Party manipulates reality through propaganda, historical revision, and “thoughtcrime,” even shaping language with Newspeak to limit expression and thought.

Winston Smith’s rebellion begins internally—through his private thoughts, his diary, and his illicit love affair with Julia. However, as the Party exerts its power through surveillance, propaganda, and torture, Winston’s inner world is gradually dismantled. The psychological abuse he endures at the Ministry of Love strips him of his sense of self, forcing him to betray his deepest convictions.

In the end, Winston’s internal resistance is crushed, and he succumbs to the Party’s version of reality, even professing love for Big Brother. His story is a chilling reminder of Foucault’s concept of “panopticism,” where the gaze of the state becomes internalised, and the individual no longer knows where external surveillance ends and internal consciousness begins. Winston’s defeat stands in stark contrast to Montag’s rebellion—a demonstration of how the outer world can not only reshape but utterly erase the inner world.

In Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury explores a society that, unlike the overt surveillance state of 1984, operates through cultural suppression and the obliteration of intellectual freedom. The outer world of Fahrenheit 451 is defined by censorship, shallow entertainment, and a society bent on consumerism.

Firemen, as agents of control, burn books to eradicate dissenting thought. The lack of intellectual engagement drives people to immerse themselves in mindless distractions, such as the interactive “TV walls” that dominate their attention.

Montag, the protagonist, begins as a conformist but is awakened by his encounter with Clarisse McClellan. His rebellion starts as an internal journey, fuelled by curiosity and doubt about his purpose. Through reading and self-reflection, Montag resists the outer world’s oppressive conformity. His journey mirrors the existentialist struggle for authenticity, where the individual must escape societal constructs that strip them of agency.

Montag’s decision to leave symbolises a rejection of societal roles and an assertion of autonomy, echoing Sartre’s notion that “existence precedes essence.” Montag’s escape represents a triumph of individuality, as he chooses to shape his identity in defiance of a culture that denies him the freedom to do so.

In Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games, the outer world is marked by extreme social and economic disparity, with the Capitol exerting control over the districts through violence, poverty, and fear. This control is epitomised by the brutal spectacle of the Hunger Games, a tool of political oppression forcing individuals to fight for survival in a public arena. The Capitol’s surveillance and manipulation create an environment where personal autonomy is stifled, leaving little room for individuals to assert identity or rebel against the system.

Katniss Everdeen’s psychological journey is less about overt rebellion and more about reconciling the fractured identities imposed upon her: the dutiful sister, deadly Games participant, Mockingjay symbol, and reluctant leader. Her internal struggle pits survival instincts against the desire for authenticity and autonomy. Reflecting Sartre’s concept of “bad faith,” Katniss wrestles with external pressures that force her to deny her true self.

Unlike Winston, who succumbs to external control, Katniss channels her trauma into rebellion, using her pain and sense of injustice to fuel resistance. Her moments of defiance, such as her salute to Rue or her act of rebellion in the Games, are expressions of her inner self reclaiming agency. However, she constantly grapples with authenticity in a world that commodifies her image.

Image: Dystopia (Source: CANVA)

What’s striking in these narratives is the varied ways in which the inner and outer worlds collide and reshape each other. In Fahrenheit 451, 1984, and The Hunger Games, this collision is portrayed in distinct and thought-provoking ways, prompting deep philosophical questions about freedom, identity, and the nature of self. Montag’s journey represents the longing for self-actualisation, where his inner world is restored through knowledge, authenticity, and a rejection of external conformity. In contrast, Winston’s plight exemplifies the terrifying power of totalitarianism to obliterate the individual’s inner world, where external forces erase his ability to think freely. Katniss, meanwhile, faces a more complex path, as she struggles to maintain her humanity while being moulded by external demands. Her inner world remains fractured, yet her rebellion reshapes the outer world, raising questions about the role of trauma in personal identity and resistance.

These novels not only explore the consequences of the clash between inner and outer worlds but also offer profound insights into the human condition. They ask us to consider what happens when the state, society, or external pressures invade the sanctum of our consciousness. Do we retain our sense of self, or do we become reflections of the external forces shaping us?

The survival of the inner world in each narrative hinges on the individual’s capacity—however fragile—to resist, adapt, or break under external forces, posing timeless questions about freedom, identity, and the boundaries of self in a world bent on control.

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UPNG students think PNG heading in wrong direction

Image: Students at the University of Papua New Guinea (Photo: Kelly Samof)

By Kelly Samof and Stephen Howes 

Few public opinion polls are undertaken in PNG, perhaps because of the expense. Students at the University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) are not representative of the population but are the nation’s future elite and leadership.

We carried out a public opinion poll at the UPNG’s School of Business and Public Policy in April 2024. A total of 373 students participated in our survey. The survey examined three key areas: student demographics, attachment to national identity and views on PNG’s future.

The demographic profile of the surveyed students reveals a predominantly male population, with 61% identifying as male and 39% as female, which is almost the same split as a similar survey carried out 12 years ago at UPNG. Most of the students are between the ages of 18 and 24 years, as we would expect.

The students hailed from all 22 of PNG’s provinces, with some smaller provinces like Milne Bay and Jiwaka represented as well as much larger provinces like Morobe and East New Britain (Figure 1). 69% of students identified only one province of origin, 17% two provinces and 12% three provinces.

Nearly 77% of our surveyed students identified as coming from a two-parent home, while 15% of them reported that they were raised by a single parent.

About 80% of the students reported having a guardian who had at least completed high school. Compare this to the 2016-2018 PNG Demographic and Health Survey, which found that only 28% of individuals in PNG had completed high school. Likewise, 56% of students were raised in an urban area (versus 13% for the entire population) and 67% said their parents had wage-based employment (versus 15% for the entire population).

In summary, UPNG students have a much higher socio-economic status than the average citizen, and this may mean they have different views.

The second part of our survey looked at issues of identity to understand students’ allegiances to their families, cultural groups and nation, an important topic of research.

When we asked students what group they were most loyal to, the typical student put family first, then village, wantok or province second, and nation third. However, when we asked which entity they felt close or very close to, more said the nation (90%) then either home village (80%) or home province (78%).

Comparing the 2024 results to the 2012 survey of UPNG students, feelings of attachments to smaller groups such as home villages and provinces have declined, while feelings of attachment to PNG as a nation have, if anything, increased (Figure 2).

This idea that the nation is becoming more important to students is supported by another comparison to the 2012 survey. The portion of students that said it is better for local groups in PNG to blend into one society instead of maintaining their distinct languages, customs and traditions increased from 29% in 2012 to 42% in 2024.

On the regional front, when asked about how close they feel to PNG’s close neighbours, Australia and China, students felt closer to Australia than to China with 43% of them feeling no closeness at all to China. This is consistent with earlier research.

We also asked students what it means to be Papua New Guinean. More students believed that being a Christian (84%) was very important to making you truly Papua New Guinean compared to those who selected other significant factors of national identity such as respecting your traditions and customs (76%), having PNG citizenship (79%) or being born in PNG (74%). Clearly PNG’s national identity is closely tied to the country’s largest religion. When asked about national pride, students overwhelmingly cited PNG’s natural beauty and its diverse cultures, languages and traditions.

The final part of the survey investigated the students’ views on PNG’s direction of travel. Students were in fact overwhelmingly pessimistic. A staggering 80.2% said that the country was heading in the wrong direction; 15.2% said they didn’t know or didn’t want to answer the question; and only 4.6% said it was going in the right direction.

Perhaps this pessimism is not surprising given the rioting in Port Moresby in January. Nevertheless, the results certainly convey a very negative national mood. This is a standard public opinion question, so international comparisons are possible. If we take only those responses that answered the question, the degree of pessimism in our survey exceeds that observed in the 30 other countries for which data have been compiled (Figure 3).

While these other surveys are of the entire population rather than of only university students, the comparison is alarming. The primary reasons students gave for their negativity were poor economic management (39%), rampant corruption (23%) and inadequate leadership (16%). Surprisingly, issues related to law and order, while significant, seemed to rank lower.

The strong and increasingly unified sense of national identity is certainly a positive to emerge from this survey. The almost unanimous view that things are heading in the wrong direction should serve as a wake-up call for Papua New Guinea’s politicians.

Disclosure: This research was undertaken with the support of the ANU-UPNG Partnership, an initiative of the PNG-Australia Partnership, funded by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The views are those of the author only.

This article was first published in the Australian National University’s DevpolicyBlog and has been republished here with the kind permission of the editor(s). The Blog is run out of the Development Policy Centre housed in the Crawford School of Public Policy in the ANU College of Asia and the Pacific at The Australian National University.

Contributing Author(s): Kelly Samof is a lecturer in economics at the School of Business and Public Policy, University of Papua New Guinea. Stephen Howes is Director of the Development Policy Centre and Professor of Economics at the Crawford School of Public Policy at The Australian National University.

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If Greenland were for sale, what would it be worth? How to put a ‘price tag’ on a territory

Image: Greenland (Source: CANVA)

By Susan Stone and Jonathan Boymal

It’s unlikely you’ve missed the story. In recent weeks, US President-elect Donald Trump has again repeatedly voiced his desire for the United States to take “ownership and control” of Greenland – an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark.

Trump first floated the idea of the US buying Greenland back in 2019. At the time, he argued, quite correctly, that he was not the first US president to come up with the idea.

Modern-day territory sales are rare. Whether Trump will revive them remains to be seen. But the question is intriguing – how would one decide what to offer for an entire state, territory or nation?

Not a new idea

Greenland’s strategic position has been of great value to the US since the early days of the Cold War.

In 1946, then-President Harry Truman offered to buy the Danish territory for US$100 million in gold. It is reported the Danes had much the same reaction to that offer as they did in 2019, and again in 2025: “No, thank you.”

US President Harry Truman
US President Harry Truman attempted to purchase Greenland from Denmark in 1946. Public Domain/National Archives and Records Administration

One sovereign nation buying territory from another may seem strange today, but there are many instances where this has happened over time.

The US purchased much of its Western expansion in the early 19th century.

This included the “Louisiana Purchase”, vast swathes of land in North America, bought from France in 1803 for US$15 million (an estimated US$416 million in 2024 figures).

About half a century later, the US paid Mexico for large amounts of territory after the Mexican-American War. The US also bought Alaska from Russia in 1867, for US$7.2 million (over US$150 million today).

And it bought the US Virgin Islands from Denmark in 1917 for US$25 million (over US$600 million today) in gold coin.

It isn’t just the US. Japan, Pakistan, Russia, Germany and Saudi Arabia have all purchased territory, transferring jurisdiction over local inhabitants and gaining land, access to critical waterways or simply geographical buffers.

What is a country’s value?

Valuing a country (or an autonomous territory like Greenland) is no simple task. Unlike companies or assets, countries embody a mix of tangible and intangible elements that resist straightforward economic measurement.

A logical place to start is gross domestic product, or “GDP”. Simply put, GDP is the value of all the final goods and services produced in an economy in a given time (usually one year).

But does this really capture the true “value” of an economy? When we buy something, the benefits derived from it last – we hope – into the future.

So, basing a purchase price on the value produced in a given time period may not adequately reflect the value of that object (in this case, an entire economy) to the buyer. We need to consider the ability to continue to generate value into the future.

Greenland’s productive resources include not only the existing businesses, governments and workers used to generate its current GDP (estimated at about US$3.236 billion in 2021), but also its (difficult to measure) ability to change and improve its future GDP. This will depend on how productive these resources are expected to be in the future.

There are other attributes of value not captured in GDP. These include the quality of its capital (both human and infrastructure), quality of life, natural resources and strategic position.

Unexploited resources

Beyond what is already there, from a market perspective, it’s the as-yet unexploited resources that make Greenland valuable.

Greenland has been mining coal for decades, with large, confirmed reserves. The subsoil has been shown to contain rare earths, precious metals, graphite and uranium.

In addition to coal mining, there is gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, graphite and marble.

Finally, there is the potential for major oil exploitation off the waters of Greenland. None of this potential is reflected in Greenland’s current GDP.

National assets are easier

Putting a price on a large national asset, such as the Panama Canal (which Trump also wants under US control), is a much easier prospect.

The theory of asset valuation is a fundamental part of the finance discipline and dates back to the 18th century.

The “asset pricing model” has evolved over time, but fundamentally, it’s about estimating the future net income flows from an asset, based on a few inputs.

For the Panama Canal, this would involve estimating the future net income that could be generated, based on factors such as fees generated by its use and the level of anticipated traffic.

You’d then take steps to subtract the anticipated costs of maintaining the equipment and any expected damage to the health of the waterway. Another factor in determining what you would pay is the risk of actually realising that net income.

The value or “price tag” of such an asset is usually determined by working out the present value of all of these future (net) income flows.

Modern territory sales are rare

The decline in territorial sales is tied to several factors. Historically, land sales often benefited ruling elites rather than ordinary citizens. In modern democracies, it is nearly impossible to sell land if local citizens oppose the idea.

Such democracies operate on the principle that national assets should serve the people, not the government’s coffers. Selling a territory today would require demonstrating clear, tangible benefits to the population, a difficult task in practice.

Nationalism also plays a powerful role. Land is deeply tied to national identity and selling it off is often seen as a betrayal. Governments, as custodians of national pride, are reluctant to entertain offers, no matter how tempting.

Compounding this is a strong international norm against changing borders, born of fears that one territorial adjustment could trigger a cascade of claims and conflicts elsewhere.

In today’s world, buying a country or one of its territories may be little more than a thought experiment. Nations are political, cultural and historical entities that resist commodification.

Greenland may theoretically have a price, but the real question is whether such a transaction could ever align with modern values and realities.

Susan Stone, Credit Union SA Chair of Economics, University of South Australia and Jonathan Boymal, Associate Professor of Economics, RMIT University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Indian applicants warned of scams targeting Australia’s new MATES visa

Representative image: Scammed (Source: CANVA)

The Australian Department of Home Affairs has issued a warning to Indian nationals about potential scams linked to the Mobility Arrangement for Talented Early-professionals Scheme (MATES).

MATES, a temporary mobility pathway, allows Indian graduates and early-career professionals in fields such as renewable energy, engineering, ICT, AI, and fintech to live and work in Australia for up to two years.

Highlights:

  • New MATES Visa Scheme: Indian graduates to live and work in Australia for up to two years under Subclass 403 Visa.
  • 3,000 Visa Places Annually: The program will offer 3,000 spots each year, selected through a pre-application ballot.
  • Eligible fields: Renewable energy, Mining, Engineering, Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Financial Technology, and Agricultural Technology.
  • No Employer Sponsorship Required: Applicants do not need employer sponsorship

Home Affairs has stressed that official communication for those selected in the MATES ballot will:

  • Come from an email ending in @homeaffairs.gov.au
  • Include a unique Registration ID number
  • Match details in the applicant’s ImmiAccount

Warning signs of scams:

  • Emails requesting payments, passwords, or bank details should not be trusted.

The department encourages reporting suspicious activity via its Border Watch platform. More information is available in the MATES factsheet on the Home Affairs website.

Indian nationals interested in applying must register in the pre-application ballot, and only those invited can proceed with visa applications.

The scheme offers 3,000 Subclass 403 visas annually, with applicants selected through a pre-application ballot. The announcement, which came as a special Diwali gift, marks a significant step forward in strengthening the two nations’ ties.

Image: Assistant Minister for Immigration Matt Thistlethwaite  (Source: X)

The program is a key feature of the Australia-India Migration and Mobility Partnership Arrangement (MMPA), signed in May 2023, which aims to promote two-way migration and enhance collaboration between the two countries.

The scheme will benefit both nations by facilitating skills transfer and offering Australian industries access to some of India’s most talented graduates, particularly in high-demand fields such as renewable energy, mining, engineering, information technology, artificial intelligence, financial technology, and agricultural technology.

Key eligibility criteria for the MATES scheme include:

  • Age Limit: Applicants must be 30 years or younger at the time of application.
  • Educational Qualification: A Bachelor’s degree or higher in eligible fields.
  • Graduation Timeline: The degree must have been obtained within two years of applying.
  • English Language Proficiency: An IELTS score of at least 6 (with a minimum of 5 in each section) or an equivalent.
  • Previous Participation: Applicants must not have participated in MATES before.

The first MATES visa ballot opened on 9 December 2024. Successful applicants will have 12 months to make their first entry into Australia and can stay for up to 24 months with multiple entries allowed.

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Dr Shekhar Dhanvijay revealed as triathlete who died during Ironman Western Australia

Image: Dr Dhanvijay (Source: Instagram - Elevate Performance)

Dr Shekhar Dhanvijay, a 48-year-old triathlete, anaesthetist, and cherished member of the global sporting community, tragically passed away during the Ironman Western Australia event in Busselton, near Perth, on Sunday, 1 December 2024.

Revealed as the competitor who required medical attention during the event, Dr Dhanvijay was participating in the gruelling full-distance triathlon, which includes a 3.8km swim, 180km bike ride, and a 42.2km run.

Having trained in India, Dr Dhanvijay immigrated to Australia, where he worked in Canberra and Queensland before earning his CICM fellowship in 2014.

Dr Dhanvijay later moved to Singapore in 2015, taking on a pivotal role as Clinical Director at Ng Teng Fong General Hospital. He was instrumental in developing ICU education programs, particularly the CICM Fellowship, and contributed significantly to teaching in Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, and beyond.

The College of Intensive Care Medicine (CICM) in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand observed in a statement,

“Shekhar was known for his boundless generosity with his time, his knowledge, and his warmth. He never hesitated to lend a helping hand or offer guidance to those around him.”

Dr Dhanvijay was more than an accomplished professional—he was also a passionate athlete and a beloved member of the Elevate sporting community. At camp last September, his unwavering determination stood out as Dr Dhanvijay clocked the longest and furthest bike ride on Day 2, long after the rest of his teammates had returned to the hotel.

“With heavy hearts, we say goodbye to our dear teammate and friend, Shekhar,” wrote Elevate Performance on social media.

They described Dr Dhanvijay as a gentle, kind-hearted person who inspired his teammates with his dedication and positivity. Recalling his achievements, the tribute highlighted his determination during a recent training camp, where he completed the longest ride on the second day.

Dr Dhanvijay, who had been with Elevate Performance since 2021, was remembered for his love of sport and his warm presence during events like open water swims, cycling trips, and triathlon training camps.

“Shekhar passed away doing what he loved, surrounded by his loved ones and teammates. Our deepest condolences to Shekhar’s family during this unimaginable time.”

Beyond his professional and sporting achievements, he was a devoted husband and father who balanced his demanding career with a commitment to his family and fitness. The College of Intensive Care Medicine (CICM) in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand expressed its heartfelt condolences to his wife Snehal and children Samar and Tanvi, acknowledging the immense loss to his family and the medical community.

This year’s race marked the 20th anniversary of Ironman Western Australia, attracting 3,500 athletes from across the globe.

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Chandra Arya announces bid to become Canada’s first Hindu Prime Minister

Image: Chandra Arya MP with Rt. Hon. Jean Chrétien former Prime Minister of Canada, at the launch of his book translated into Chinese by Jin Xue (Source: X)

Indian-origin Canadian MP Chandra Arya has declared his candidacy for Prime Minister, aiming to lead a “small, more efficient government” to address Canada’s pressing challenges and secure prosperity for future generations.

Arya made the announcement via X, stating his intention to contest the leadership of the Liberal Party following Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s resignation.

“We are facing significant structural problems that haven’t been seen for generations, and solving them will require tough choices,” Arya said.

“Bold political decisions are not optional—they are necessary.”

A vocal advocate for Hindu Canadians, Arya’s policy platform includes transforming Canada into a republic, ending the consumer carbon tax and introducing reforms such as a citizenship-based tax system and investment mandates for pension plans to benefit Canada. He also supports raising the retirement age and rethinking immigration to prioritise skilled labour.

Arya, who emigrated from Karnataka’s Tumkur district to Canada in 2006, was first elected to Parliament in 2015 from Nepean, a suburban Ottawa riding, and has been re-elected twice.

Known for his unwavering support for Justin Trudeau, Arya has frequently made headlines for his outspoken views on Ottawa-New Delhi relations and Khalistan extremism.

His campaign announcement comes as the Liberal Party braces for a leadership contest, with potential contenders including former finance minister Chrystia Freeland, ex-Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney, and other senior Liberal cabinet ministers.

Arya’s candidacy reflects his belief that Canada deserves leadership unafraid to take decisive action to rebuild the economy, restore hope, and create equal opportunities for all Canadians.

“For the sake of our children and grandchildren, let’s rebuild, revitalise, and secure the future,” Arya said in his statement.

His bid marks a historic moment, as Arya seeks to become Canada’s first Hindu Prime Minister, promising to steer the nation through economic challenges while addressing issues of affordability, middle-class struggles, and social equity.

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Albanese injects $200m into Western Australia’s ports, housing, and community projects

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese announcing more housing in regional Western Australia with a $200 million funding boost (Source: X)

The Albanese Government has announced a major investment in Western Australia’s future, providing expanded First Port of Entry status to three key northern ports and delivering a $200 million package to boost housing and community infrastructure in regional areas.

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said the investments reflect his government’s commitment to ensuring regional WA has the resources and infrastructure needed to thrive. By enabling direct imports and exports through northern ports, the government is reducing costs for local businesses and supporting economic growth in the Kimberley and Pilbara.

“We always look for ways to support businesses and communities – which is why the changes to First Port of Entry will make a huge difference across the East Kimberley and Pilbara, shoring up local jobs and supply chains.”

The ports of Wyndham, Ashburton, and Dampier will now offer enhanced border services, allowing goods subject to biosecurity and other controls to enter Australia directly. This change is expected to transform operations for industries in the East Kimberley and Pilbara regions, enabling businesses to import and export goods closer to their base of operations, cutting costs, and improving supply chain resilience.

These upgrades are particularly significant for emerging clean energy and green fuel projects, helping position the regions as hubs for economic development.

Premier of Western Australia, Roger Cook added, that his government is working with PM Albanese to build more houses and deliver important investments right across regional WA. 

“First point of entry is a critically important decision that will unlock significant economic opportunities across the Kimberley and Pilbara, supporting local business, local jobs and local communities.”

The government’s housing package aims to unlock 1,367 new homes across the state, with funding allocated to essential infrastructure projects such as water, power, and roads.

Among the investments are $32.8 million for over 400 homes in the Wheatbelt region, $22.1 million for nearly 600 homes in Karratha, and $14.2 million to enable 86 new homes in Lockyer.

The programme is part of a broader national target to build 1.2 million well-located homes over the next five years, addressing growing demand and improving liveability in regional communities.

Community infrastructure is also a key focus, with funding allocated to projects designed to enhance local amenities and foster cultural, recreational, and social opportunities.

Highlights include $15 million for the Newman Youth and Community Hub, which will feature sports facilities, a childcare centre, and outdoor spaces, and $19.6 million for the Wyndham Multi-Purpose Community Hub, providing arts, education, and evacuation facilities.

Other initiatives include waterfront development in Kununurra, revitalisation of Carnarvon’s CBD, and the construction of new arts centres to preserve and celebrate Indigenous culture.

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The fog of COP29 delivers a foggy climate goal

Image: The Pacific Ministers, Head of Delegations and technical negotiators at COP29 (Source: X)

By Fiona Ryan

The 2024 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties, known as COP29, in Baku, Azerbaijan, eventually came to an agreement on the quantum of climate finance for developing countries under the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG). It adopted a two-tier goal. Developing countries had called for amounts ranging from US$1 trillion to US$1.3 trillion but eventually settled for US$300 billion annually by 2035 for an “inner” goal. Although the decision is worded in terms of funding from “a wide variety of sources”, the wording is similar to Article 9 of the Paris Agreement, indicating the goal should be met through public funds or financing directly mobilised by public funds.

Developed countries claimed to have met the original goal to provide US$100 billion annually by 2022. Many independent commentators, including the Center for Global Development (CGD) and the World Resources Institute, argue strongly that the quantity does not come close to meeting developing countries’ needs. CGD believes that if the original US$100 billion goal had been adjusted for inflation, it would equal US$220 billion in 2035, reducing the increase in the new goal to a far less impressive US$80 billion.

The outer goal is for developed countries to provide US$1.3 trillion annually by 2035 to developing countries. This differs from the US$300 billion inner goal in that the funds are to come from “all sources”. Contributor countries advocated the idea of a multilayered goal to allow a greater focus on private sources, which they claimed could provide much greater volumes of finance. Currently, no monitoring or reporting system exists to report progress in achieving the outer goal. The means of implementation are to be further detailed by COP30 in Belem, Brazil, in 2025, with the Brazilian, Azerbaijani and UAE COP Presidencies promising to produce a “Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T”.

Australia’s Minister for Climate Change and Energy, Chris Bowen, and Egyptian Minister Yasmine Fouad were appointed by the COP29 President as a Ministerial Pair of the NCQG with the difficult task of facilitating a political agreement at COP29. The long, issue-filled negotiating text that emerged from the three-year NCQG Technical Expert Dialogue (TED) process made this task difficult and agreement was only reached after the deadline for negotiations was extended.

In new national-level climate finance commitments at COP29, Australia announced A$300 million in guarantees for climate change lending in the Pacific by the Asian Development Bank. This involves no upfront payment and will not count towards the US$300 billion goal under the current rules. In addition, Australia pledged A$50 million to the new Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage and will most probably report this as adaptation funding, meaning it would count towards US$300 billion goal. It also announced A$125 million to support renewable energy in the Pacific.

The NCQG was meant to be based on the needs and priorities of developing countries. There have been many assessments that show the magnitude of the needs of developing countries. One of the most quoted is the UNFCCC Standing Committee on Finance (SCF) needs assessment of between US$5.0 trillion and US$6.8 trillion based on countries’ Nationally Determined Contributions. However, there were no guidelines that standardised the reporting between countries and no recognised system of external evaluation. The Independent High-Level Expert Group report gave a figure of US$1 trillion in 2030, with US$500 billion for public finance and US$500 billion for private finance, the overall total for 2035 being US$1.3 trillion annually. The 2035 figure recommended by this “independent experts group” was very close to the final amount for the outer goal.

The NCQG agreement on the US$300 billion inner goal was achieved due to the willingness of developing countries to drop contentious issues during the political segment of the negotiations.

Public finance dominates funding for adaptation and loss and damage. In contrast, private finance is more likely to finance mitigation projects such as renewable energy projects, which can provide a future income stream. Given their greater vulnerability to climate impacts, Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) had hoped for subgoals for adaptation and loss and damage. The sub-goals for adaptation and loss and damage were omitted and replaced by vague statements in the text that refer to a balance between mitigation and adaptation. Similarly, sub-goals setting minimum funding levels for LDCs and SIDS were also rejected. Of course, sub-goals benefit some developing countries while reducing funds available to others. This points to a lack of solidarity in the G77 and China group that dashed the hopes of LDCs and SIDS. The call in the final decision for a tripling of finance through multilateral climate funds such as the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) arguably creates a sub-goal.

Significantly, funding for loss and damage is not eligible to be counted towards the new goal unless it is reported as mitigation or adaptation finance. While it is mentioned elsewhere in the decision text, only mitigation and adaptation are referred to in paragraph 8, which sets the basis for the US$300 billion goal.

The disagreement between the contributing countries and the G77 and China over widening the contributor base was sidestepped by allowing voluntary contributions from developing countries to be counted towards the US$300 billion goal. Surprisingly, text counting all climate-related developing country contributions to MDBs toward achieving the US$300 billion goal was adopted into the decision at the last minute, despite considerable protestation by India. Allowing voluntary contributions and climate-related contributions by developing countries to the MDBs to be attributed toward the goal is perhaps what Wopke Hoekstra, the European Union Commissioner for Climate Action, meant when he is reported to have claimed that COP29 had “an increased contributor base.”

Another contentious issue that was avoided was the definition of what constitutes climate finance. A so-called operational definition is found in the UNFCCC Standing Committee on Finance’s 1st Biennial Assessment and Overview of Climate Finance Flows from 2014, which states that countries are free to choose any definition of climate finance. Developed countries adopted the OECD DAC Rio Marker approach, allowing for the rebadging of official development assistance (ODA) as climate finance, which has resulted in funding for other development priorities being shifted towards climate finance. Although parties seem loathe to mention the OECD, the rich countries’ club, in the NCQG context, the OECD DAC Rio Marker approach is what they refer to when they use the euphemism “operational definition”.

Accounting for contributions in proportion to their level of concessionality was also dropped. Even in our currently debt-stressed world, a market-rate loan can continue to be treated as equivalent to a grant or a highly concessional loan.

Questions still need to be answered concerning the accounting for the US$300 billion goal, particularly if it will include more sources of private and other finance than the previous US$100 billion goal. As for the US$1.3 trillion goal, we need to wait for the 1.3T Roadmap for more details to emerge. Taking an optimistic perspective, CGD sees the 1.3T Roadmap process as an opportunity to re-engage on issues such as the balance between public and private finance, additionality, grant-equivalent accounting, and reporting frequency (preferably annual rather than biennial).

This article was first published in the Australian National University’s DevpolicyBlog and has been republished here with the kind permission of the editor(s). The Blog is run out of the Development Policy Centre housed in the Crawford School of Public Policy in the ANU College of Asia and the Pacific at The Australian National University.

Contributing Author(s): Fiona Ryan is a climate, forests and development researcher and policy advisor based in Cairns. She was an accredited observer to five UNFCCC conferences and meetings between 2019 and 2024.

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LA is on fire. How will Australia cope when bushfires hit Sydney, Melbourne or another major city?

Image: Pasadena Jewish Temple and Center has been completely engulfed in flames in the Eaton fire in the LA area (Source: X - @HenMazzig)

By David Bowman

As I write this, five people are dead and at least 1,000 buildings have been destroyed by wildfires that have swept across Los Angeles. Around 100,000 people have been ordered to evacuate.

We are not yet sure of the scale of the disaster, but maps show it is burning across many suburbs. That is shocking. We are looking at a disaster unfolding in real time.

But we knew this would happen eventually. We have moved from possible futures to these things now happening. The deferment has ended.

So, could something similar happen in major Australian cities – and how prepared are we? The answers are: yes, and not very.

Why is LA on fire?

The areas north of LA have always been at high fire risk. That’s because of the mix of the fuels from trees and plants and the uneven terrain; canyons and ridges can accelerate fire.

But in this situation, several things happened at once – all of which are bad.


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We had the amazingly strong Santa Ana winds, in conjunction with a very dry landscape. The landscape was primed for fire, and then due to these winds, the fires grew extraordinarily fast. Fire suppression capacity was quickly overwhelmed.

In a place such as California, with its enviable aerial fire-fighting capacity, fires can usually be contained rapidly. But this one grew at a fantastic rate, driven by these terrible winds. It then got into the houses and all the way down the coast.

Shockingly, it crossed from the intermix housing on the border of bushland and city, and moved into suburban environments. It was an incredibly fast escalation.

All of these things aren’t unexpected. We know fires are burning faster and hotter and quicker, and fire seasons are getting longer. After all, these LA fires happened in the US winter.

The environment is being primed by climate change and we know there are limits to fire suppression.

So, we knew these things were going to happen – but it is still so confronting when they do.

Could this happen in a major city in Australia?

The short answer: yes.

We don’t have Santa Ana winds, of course, but we do have downslope winds (a wind that comes over a topographic barrier like a mountain range). They are often very dry and warm and can move quickly.

There is the possibility for fires to burn into Australian suburbs. It happened in Canberra in 2003. And it could happen again in a major city such as Sydney or Melbourne. We have all the ingredients.

If you have the wrong wind and the wrong fire and the wrong time, a fire can be driven very quickly into an urban area.

The degree to which it would spread depends on the suburban landscape and how well prepared the area is.

If a suburb has older housing stock with older gardens, for instance, it’s absolutely ripe for a fire to spread quickly. If you have more modern housing stock (which is usually better at defending against ember attack), and the houses are more spaced apart and the gardens are clearer, then you might be OK.

When fire gets into suburbs, the damage can be variable. Some houses might burn down and others may survive. But the worst case scenario is what we call “house-to-house ignition”, where the houses become the fuel.

The other frightening dimension is what happens if water supplies run out, which is reportedly happening in some parts of Los Angeles.

How ready are Australian cities for fires?

Australia is not well prepared for scenarios such as this. But rather than be fatalistic and assume urban areas are open game for wildfires, effort is needed from all levels of government and community to reduce the risk of fires impacting suburban and semi-suburban areas.

That means better boundaries between houses and keeping fuel loads low. It also means households, councils and fire authorities having a plan for when fires hit.

This may mean implementing planning rules to enforce safer gardens or the clearing of bushland behind homes. But such measures will be controversial in many cases.

Gaining public support will require designing landscape-scale firebreaks that are attractive and sympathetic to biodiversity.

Studies suggest that achieving fire-ready cities requires a mix of research, education, incentivisation and penalties.

We also need to ask: how bushfire-aware are city residents?

So much messaging around having a plan, knowing where to go and leaving early has been targeted at rural and bushland residents. Many people in suburban areas may not consider themselves vulnerable and might not have a plan at all.

Many regional and rural areas in Australia have bushfire places of last resort – safe places for the community to go when all other bushfire plans have failed. The LA tragedy shows we also need these places in cities. People also need a plan on how to get there (by walking or going on bike, where possible), so traffic jams don’t ensue as everyone tries to escape. https://www.youtube.com/embed/VqC_i9Ac_fE?wmode=transparent&start=0

People should also be educated about what to expect at the evacuation point when you arrive. Where possible, they should take their own food, water and medicines and include pets in their plan.

And the planning discussion should include residents in fire-prone areas installing their own specially designed fire-shelters at home, if they can afford it.

Nowhere to hide

Global warming is making bushfires in Australia more frequent and severe. As bushfires become more prevalent, home insurance costs are increasing. That will affect the cost of living and the broader economy.

The LA fires show when it comes to climate change, there’s nowhere to hide. Around the world, authorities and communities must overhaul their assumptions about bushfire risk and preparedness. That includes people living in cities.

Kicking the can down the road won’t work. The crisis is already here.

David Bowman, Professor of Pyrogeography and Fire Science, University of Tasmania

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Australian Kho Kho teams gear up for World Cup debut in India

Image: The High Commissioner of India hosted an elegant high tea today for the Australian men’s and women’s Kho Kho teams (Source: X)

By Nikhar Budhadev

The High Commissioner of India, Gopal Baglay, hosted an elegant high tea today for the Australian men’s and women’s Kho Kho teams, alongside their families, in a spirited send-off before their World Cup campaign in New Delhi.

The event began with an inspiring address by the High Commissioner Baglay, who praised the cultural bridge built by Kho Kho and its growing popularity in Australia.

Team president Nick highlighted the painstaking effort behind putting the team together over the past few months and expressed his hopes for a strong showing, saying,

“I can’t wait to see our team in the finals against India.”

Ojas, captain of the men’s team, shared the challenges and triumphs of their preparation, stating,

“Since our players are from Canberra, Sydney, and Melbourne, we faced a few hiccups initially. But we organised national camps to build team cohesion, and now we’re ready for the challenge ahead.”

Reflecting on his journey, he added, “Having played Kho Kho for almost 10 years, it’s a wonderful feeling to represent this sport in Australia and strengthen the bond within the Indian-Australian community.”

Teammates Michael and Bill echoed his sentiments. Michael said,

“We’ve done multiple weekly training sessions, focusing on both fitness and strategy, and I’m excited to showcase how much we’ve grown to love this sport.”

Bill expressed confidence in the team, stating,

“We’ve come so far in just three months, and I’m looking forward to playing against India and England.”

Image: Australian men’s and women’s Kho Kho teams (Source: Author)

Women’s vice-captain Bridget shared her enthusiasm:

“I’ve been training four times a week and cannot wait to compete on the international stage. I think Kho Kho is the greatest sport Australia hasn’t heard about yet, but that’s about to change.”

Fellow player Joy added,

“Kho Kho challenges every aspect of you – agility, strategy, teamwork – and I’ve loved every moment of it. Playing with a full women’s team at the World Cup will be an incredible experience.”

The high tea featured a delectable spread of samosas, sushi, tea, and juices, creating a lively atmosphere as players shared their excitement. The Australian teams depart for New Delhi this Saturday and will face England in their opening matches on 14 January.

Kho Kho, a fast-paced team sport rooted in Indian tradition, combines agility and strategy as players work to evade or tag their opponents. With growing interest in Australia, this World Cup marks a significant milestone for the sport’s global reach.

The inaugural Kho Kho World Cup features men’s and women’s tournaments starting with group stages, followed by knockouts. The men’s event will feature 20 teams while the women’s category will field 19. The top two teams from each group will advance to the quarter-finals. Matches will follow a 12-per-side format.

Men’s Teams:

  • Group A: India, Nepal, Peru, Brazil, Bhutan
  • Group B: South Africa, Ghana, Argentina, Netherlands, Iran
  • Group C: Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Republic of Korea, USA, Poland
  • Group D: England, Germany, Malaysia, Australia, Kenya

Women’s Teams:

  • Group A: India, Iran, Malaysia, Republic of Korea
  • Group B: England, Australia, Kenya, Uganda, Netherlands
  • Group C: Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Germany, Bangladesh
  • Group D: South Africa, New Zealand, Poland, Peru, Indonesia

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Albanese invests $159 million to transform Queensland’s regional communities

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albnaese announcing $159 million in community infrastructure aimed at improving the lives of locals (Source: X)

The Albanese Government is delivering a significant boost to Queensland’s regional areas with an investment of $159 million in community infrastructure aimed at improving the lives of locals.

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese emphasised the importance of infrastructure in regional areas:

“Quality infrastructure in regional areas is invaluable, and this funding will build and upgrade key facilities that can be enjoyed by communities for years to come.”

A total of 25 projects across the state will share in the funding, which will go towards building and upgrading vital community infrastructure, including cultural and sporting hubs, parks, and town precincts. These projects are set to strengthen communities and make a real impact on everyday life.

The projects, selected through a competitive, merits-based assessment process, include:

  • $4 million for the Cairns Community and Multicultural Centre
  • $2 million to upgrade the PCYC Cairns facilities
  • $5 million to upgrade the Redlynch Community Sporting Precinct
  • $2.65 million for Stage 2 of the Cultural Knowledge Centre in Dixie for the Olkola People
  • $1.95 million for streetscape beautification and shared cycle and pedestrian paths in Mapoon
  • $7.49 million for a new council administration and community hub for Wujal Wujal
  • $1.84 million for a Digital Services Centre in Hope Vale
  • $15 million for the Cannon Valley Sports Park
  • $14.87 million for the Cannonvale Community Facility
  • $11.89 million for the First Avenue Streetscape renewal project in Maroochydore
  • $13.6 million for the Honey Road Sports and Recreation Precinct Stage 1
  • $5.33 million for the Harbour Arbour, East Shores to City Heart Activation in Gladstone
  • $1.38 million for the Woorabinda Water Park
  • $1.91 million for the Precinct 58 Redevelopment of the Bundaberg and Rural fire stations
  • $10.42 million for the Boulia Shire Community Hub
  • $4.09 million for the Burketown Health and Wellbeing Precinct Stage 1
  • $5.99 million for the Scarr Street Revitalisation Project in Cloncurry
  • $1.79 million for the Hughenden Showgrounds
  • $2.13 million for the Barcoo Regional Sports and Recreation Enhancements Project
  • $14.96 million for the Blackall Cultural Precinct
  • $2.25 million for the Longreach Recreational Precinct
  • $9.5 million for the Roma Pool Revitalisation
  • $14.8 million for the Eromanga Natural History Museum Dinosaur Galleries
  • $1.98 million for the Kingaroy Youth Park Development Stage 1
  • $2.74 million for the Southport Spit Emergency Services Hub

These projects demonstrate the Albanese Government’s commitment to listening to local voices and funding priorities that directly benefit Queensland’s regions. This is on top of the $50 million allocated to nine Queensland community infrastructure projects in the past year.

Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government Catherine King highlighted the Government’s ongoing commitment to regional Australia.

“We’re making sure our regions remain great places to live, work, and play by investing in critical community and economic infrastructure across regional and rural areas, in a fair and transparent way.”

The funding is part of the Government’s Growing Regions Program, which provides funding between $500,000 and $15 million to local government entities and incorporated not-for-profit organisations for community infrastructure projects.

This funding round follows the $50 million already allocated in the past year and is part of the Government’s broader efforts to provide long-term benefits for regional communities.

With over 25 projects sharing in the funding, Queensland is set to see improvements in everything from sports facilities to cultural centres, providing residents with a higher quality of life.

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23-year-old hiker missing in Kosciuszko National Park for 13 days found safe

Image: Image: A 13-day search operation through dense bushland has ended in joy after Hadi Nazari was found alive (Photo: NSW Polic)

A 23-year-old hiker, who had been missing for nearly two weeks in Kosciuszko National Park, has been found safe.

Hadi Nazari was last seen by friends on Thursday, 26 December 2024, around 2.30pm, while descending the Hannels Spur Trail, located between Khancoban and Thredbo.

Image: 23-year-old bushwalker Hadi Nazari (Source: NSW Police)

He was expected to meet up with his two friends at the Geehi campground, but when he failed to arrive, the pair began searching for him. By 8.45pm that evening, the Riverina Police District was alerted, and search efforts commenced immediately.

The next day, on 27 December, a command post was set up, and a multi-agency search operation was launched. This involved several groups, including Goulburn Police Rescue, National Parks and Wildlife Service, SES, RFS, NSW Ambulance, VRA, and PolAir.

On Tuesday, 31 December, hiking poles and rubbish, believed to belong to the missing hiker, were discovered near the Kosciuszko River, which became the focal point of the search. On 5 January, further items, including a campfire, lighter, and a camera, were found near the Geehi River.

Image: A 13-day search operation through dense bushland has ended in joy after Hadi Nazari was found alive (Photo: NSW Polic)

After 13 days of relentless searching by more than 300 people, the hiker was located by hikers off the circuit walk near Blue Lake at around 3.15pm.

The Melbourne medical student was safely taken to the command post and assessed by paramedics.

Riverina Police District Inspector Josh Broadfoot expressed gratitude to all those involved in the search. “This is an incredible outcome. We want to thank our emergency services partner agencies, volunteers, and the public for their support. We never gave up hope, and we are overjoyed to bring him safely back to his family,” he said.

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How bhang went from legal, to illegal, then back again

Indians celebrating Holi with bhang (Source: CANVA)

By Philippa Martyr

Cannabis, cocaine and heroin have interesting life stories and long rap sheets. We might know them today as illicit drugs, but each was once legal.

Then things changed. Racism and politics played a part in how we viewed them. We also learned more about their impact on health. Over time, they were declared illegal.

But decades later, these drugs and their derivatives are being used legally, for medical purposes.

Here’s how we ended up outlawing cannabis, cocaine and heroin, and what happened next.

Peruvian Syrup, containing cocaine, was used to ‘cure’ a range of diseases. Smithsonian Museum of American History/Flickr

Cannabis, religion and racism

Cannabis plants originated in central Asia, spread to North Africa, and then to the Americas. People grew cannabis for its hemp fibre, used to make ropes and sacks. But it also had other properties. Like many other ancient medical discoveries, it all started with religion.

Cannabis is mentioned in the Hindu texts known as the Vedas (1700-1100 BCE) as a sacred, feel-good plant. Cannabis or bhang is still used ritually in India today during festivals such as Shivratri and Holi.

From the late 1700s, the British in India started taxing cannabis products. They also noticed a high rate of “Indian hemp insanity” – including what we’d now recognise as psychosis – in the colony. By the late 1800s, a British government investigation found only heavy cannabis use seemed to affect people’s mental health.

Cannabis indica extract
This drug bottle from the United States contains cannabis tincture. Wikimedia

In the 1880s, cannabis was used therapeutically in the United States to treat tetanus, migraine and “insane delirium”. But not everyone agreed on (or even knew) the best dose. Local producers simply mixed up what they had into a tincture – soaking cannabis leaves and buds in alcohol to extract essential oils – and hoped for the best.

So how did cannabis go from a slightly useless legal drug to a social menace?

Some of it was from genuine health concerns about what was added to people’s food, drink and medicine.

In 1908 in Australia, New South Wales listed cannabis as an ingredient that could “adulterate” food and drink (along with opium, cocaine and chloroform). To sell the product legally, you had to tell the customers it contained cannabis.

Some of it was international politics. Moves to control cannabis use began in 1912 with the world’s first treaty against drug trafficking. The US and Italy both wanted cannabis included, but this didn’t happen until until 1925.

Some of it was racism. The word marihuana is Spanish for cannabis (later Anglicised to marijuana) and the drug became associated with poor migrants. In 1915, El Paso, Texas, on the Mexican border, was the first US municipality to ban the non-medical cannabis trade.

By the late 1930s, cannabis was firmly entrenched as a public menace and drug laws had been introduced across much of the US, Europe and (less quickly) Australia to prohibit its use. Cannabis was now a “poison” regulated alongside cocaine and opiates.

Movie poster for 'Reefer Madness'
The 1936 movie Reefer Madness fuelled cannabis paranoia. Motion Picture Ventures/Wikimedia Commons

The 1936 movie Reefer Madness was a high point of cannabis paranoia. Cannabis smoking was also part of other “suspect” new subcultures such as Black jazz, the 1950s Beatnik movement and US service personnel returning from Vietnam.

Today recreational cannabis use is associated with physical and mental harm. In the short term, it impairs your functioning, including your ability to learn, drive and pay attention. In the long term, harms include increasing the risk of psychosis.

But what about cannabis as a medicine? Since the 1980s there has been a change in mood towards experimenting with cannabis as a therapeutic drug. Medicinal cannabis products are those that contain cannabidiol (CBD) or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Today in Australia and some other countries, these can be prescribed by certain doctors to treat conditions when other medicines do not work.

Medicinal cannabis has been touted as a treatment for some chronic conditions such as cancer pain and multiple sclerosis. But it’s not clear yet whether it’s effective for the range of chronic diseases it’s prescribed for. However, it does seem to improve the quality of life for people with some serious or terminal illnesses who are using other prescription drugs.

Cocaine, tonics and addiction

Several different species of the coca plant grow across Bolivia, Peru and Colombia. For centuries, local people chewed coca leaves or made them into a mildly stimulant tea. Coca and ayahuasca (a plant-based psychedelic) were also possibly used to sedate people before Inca human sacrifice.

In 1860, German scientist Albert Niemann (1834-1861) isolated the alkaloid we now call “cocaine” from coca leaves. Niemann noticed that applying it to the tongue made it feel numb.

But because effective anaesthetics such as ether and nitrous oxide had already been discovered, cocaine was mostly used instead in tonics and patent medicines.

Hall's Coca Wine
Hall’s Coca Wine was made from the leaves of the coca plant. Stephen Smith & Co/Wellcome Collection, CC BY

Perhaps the most famous example was Coca-Cola, which contained cocaine when it was launched in 1886. But cocaine was used earlier, in 1860s Italy, in a drink called Vin Mariani – Pope Leo XIII was a fan.

With cocaine-based products easily available, it quickly became a drug of addiction.

Cocaine remained popular in the entertainment industry. Fictional detective Sherlock Holmes injected it, American actor Tallulah Bankhead swore by it, and novelist Agatha Christie used cocaine to kill off some of her characters.

In 1914, cocaine possession was made illegal in the US. After the hippy era of the 1960s and 1970s, cocaine became the “it” drug of the yuppie 1980s. “Crack” cocaine also destroyed mostly Black American urban communities.

Cocaine use is now associated with physical and mental harms. In the short and long term, it can cause problems with your heart and blood pressure and cause organ damage. At its worst, it can kill you. Right now, illegal cocaine production and use is also surging across the globe.

But cocaine was always legal for medical and surgical use, most commonly in the form of cocaine hydrochloride. As well as acting as a painkiller, it’s a vasoconstrictor – it tightens blood vessels and reduces bleeding. So it’s still used in some types of surgery.

Heroin, coughing and overdoses

Opium has been used for pain relief ever since people worked out how to harvest the sap of the opium poppy. By the 19th century, addictive and potentially lethal opium-based products such as laudanum were widely available across the United Kingdom, Europe and the US. Opium addiction was also a real problem.

Because of this, scientists were looking for safe and effective alternatives for pain relief and to help people cure their addictions.

In 1874, English chemist Charles Romley Alder Wright (1844-1894) created diacetylmorphine (also known as diamorphine). Drug firm Bayer thought it might be useful in cough medicines, gave it the brand name Heroin and put it on the market in 1898. It made chest infections worse.

Allenburys Throat Pastilles
Allenburys Throat Pastilles contained heroin and cocaine. Seth Anderson/Flickr, CC BY-NC

Although diamorphine was created with good intentions, this opiate was highly addictive. Shortly after it came on the market, it became clear that it was every bit as addictive as other opiates. This coincided with international moves to shut down the trade in non-medical opiates due to their devastating effect on China and other Asian countries.

Like cannabis, heroin quickly developed radical chic. The mafia trafficked into the US and it became popular in the Harlem jazz scene, beatniks embraced it and US servicemen came back from Vietnam addicted to it. Heroin also helped kill US singers Janis Joplin and Jim Morrison.

Today, we know heroin use and addiction contributes to a range of physical and mental health problems, as well as death from overdose.

However, heroin-related harm is now being outpaced by powerful synthetic opioids such as oxycodone, fentanyl, and the nitazene group of drugs. In Australia, there were more deaths and hospital admissions from prescription opiate overdoses than from heroin overdoses.

In a nutshell

Not all medicines have a squeaky-clean history. And not all illicit drugs have always been illegal.

Drugs’ legal status and how they’re used are shaped by factors such as politics, racism and social norms of the day, as well as their impact on health.

Philippa Martyr, Lecturer, Pharmacology, Women’s Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Newlywed nurse falls to her death from seventh-storey balcony in Sydney

Image: Deekshya Dahal, 39, fell to her death from a Parramatta unit last week (Picture: Facebook)

Newlywed nurse Deekshya Dahal, 39, has tragically died after falling from the seventh-storey balcony of her apartment in Paramatta, Sydney’s west.

Emergency services found Dahal with catastrophic injuries in a garden bed below her Parramatta apartment on January 2. Despite swift response efforts, she was pronounced dead at the scene.

Dahal, a registered nurse who had recently married her husband, Labrinda Subedi, in Nepal, was seen hanging from the balcony just moments before the fatal fall.

Image: Deekshya Dahal (Source: TikTok screenshot)

According to The Daily Telegraph, a triple-0 call was made from Dahal’s phone two hours before her death. Muffled voices were heard during the call, prompting an operator to call back and speak to Subedi.

It is being reported that NSW Police were informed of the situation and planned to check on the couple, but before officers arrived, another triple-0 call came in—this time from a bystander who reported seeing Dahal dangling from the balcony.

Officers attached to Parramatta Police Area Command found Dahal on the street suffering multiple injuries and commenced CPR; however, they were unable to revived and Dahal died at the scene.

Subedi was questioned by detectives but later released without charges. His family described the incident as a “terrible accident,” with his brother-in-law Sushant saying,

“Labrinda is a broken man … they were in love, not long married, very happy … planned to have children. Now he has to plan a funeral.”

Superintendent Vincent confirmed the initial call did not warrant an emergency response but said a strike force had been established to investigate the two-hour delay before police arrived. The strike force will also examine the circumstances leading to Dahal’s death.

Investigators are currently reviewing CCTV footage from the apartment complex and neighbouring buildings as they piece together what happened.

Anyone with information about this incident is urged to contact Crime Stoppers: 1800 333 000 or https://nsw.crimestoppers.com.au. Information is treated in strict confidence. 

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Indian street vendor sells Avocado Sandwich for $250 as Australian exports set to rise

Image: Kallakar, a street vendor in Surat, Gujarat (Source: Instagram - Foodie-Addicted) and Antony Allen, CEO of Avolution (Source: Austrade)

Avocado sandwiches and toast are quickly becoming a culinary craze in India, driven by the fruit’s reputation as a healthy, versatile, and trendy ingredient.

This rising demand has not only sparked creativity among Indian street vendors but is poised to help open the door for Australian growers to expand their exports, thanks to the Australia-India Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (AI-ECTA).

A street vendor, Kallakar (@kallakar_00) in Surat, Gujarat, recently went viral after being showcased by food vlogger Surti Mayurkumar Vasantlal (@Foodie_Addicted) for offering an avocado toast priced at an eye-watering ₹13,000 (around AUD 250).

The dish featured premium pule cheese, a Serbian delicacy made from Balkan donkey milk and goat milk, costing ₹51,000 per half kilogram (AUD 975). This extravagant creation has captured the imagination of Indians eager to experiment with avocados, traditionally viewed as exotic and luxurious.

In 2024, India solidified its position as a key market, with avocados increasingly recognised as a staple in modern vegetarian diets. The growing demand, coupled with the benefits of AI-ECTA, prompted Queensland-based Avolution, a leading exporter of Hass avocados, to expand into the Indian market.

The company had already been shipping over 150 containers annually to regions such as Hong Kong, Malaysia, and the Gulf. Antony Allen, CEO of Avolution, observed:

“At the moment, consumers in India see avocados as a bit luxurious and exotic,’ he says. ‘But there is potential for huge volumes. India has an amazing variety of cuisines. Most are predominantly vegetarian. Avocados are an easy, healthy addition.”

Image: Avolution’s CEO Antony Allen (Source: Austrade)

AI-ECTA has been a game-changer for Australian growers, cutting tariffs on avocados from 30% to 17.1%, with plans to eliminate tariffs entirely by 2028.

By mid-2024, more than 320 tonnes of Western Australian avocados, valued at over $1.6 million, had been exported to India via sea freight. By the end of the year, Australian avocado producers had increased production by 30% compared to the previous year.

Avocados Australia revealed a 13% rise in the gross value of production, reaching $649 million, up from $574 million in 2022/23. In the 2023/24 financial year, Australia exported 21,979 tonnes of avocados, marking a 106% increase from the previous year and representing 14.56% of the total 150,913 tonnes produced nationwide.

India’s preferential treatment provides Australian suppliers with a significant price advantage over competitors from New Zealand, Chile, and Peru. Avocados Australia observed:

“In both production and exports, Australia is currently a small player in the world avocado market. Ongoing activity is underway targeting Australia’s growth in export markets.”

Improved cold supply chains have also made it possible to distribute avocados through both high-end hospitality venues and traditional roadside stalls, known as sabziwallas. These sellers are vital in reaching India’s vast grocery market, bringing avocados to a broader audience.

Allen believes that Indian social media influencers and users have significantly transformed how Australian businesses engage with potential customers.

“‘In India, our growth phase coincides with a period when it’s far easier to grow through social media. India could easily overtake Hong Kong as our biggest export market within 2 to 3 years.”

From Instagram-worthy avocado sandwiches to luxury toast, Indians are finding new ways to enjoy this superfood. With Australian exports booming, the humble avocado has firmly planted its roots in Indian culinary culture.

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Are You Travelling to UK? Australians Must Apply for Digital Travel Authorisation from 8 January

Airport; Image Source: CANVA
Airport; Image Source: CANVA

Starting today, Australian travellers heading to the United Kingdom must obtain prior digital permission to enter, marking a significant change in border entry requirements.

This development is part of the UK government’s efforts to digitise its border security system through the new Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) scheme.

What Is the ETA?

The ETA system, akin to the United States ESTA, requires individuals from visa-free countries who are not UK or Irish nationals to apply for pre-clearance before travel. Australians visiting the UK for short stays—such as tourism, business, or permitted short-term engagements—will need to secure an ETA starting January 8, 2025.

Australians can apply for an ETA via the UK ETA app, available on both the App Store and Google Play, or through an official online portal. Applicants must provide a valid biometric passport, an email address, and a recent photograph.

The application fee is £10 (approximately $20 AUD), and the ETA allows for multiple visits of up to six months within its two-year validity period. However, if a passport expires during this timeframe, a new ETA will be required.

A decision is usually made within three days, though delays may occur. Travellers are advised to use official channels to avoid extra fees or potential data security risks posed by third-party websites.

The ETA is not a visa but a visa waiver, streamlining entry for short-term visits. Travellers transiting through the UK will also need an ETA, even if they are not staying in the country. Families travelling together must ensure that all members, including children and infants, have individual ETAs, although applications can be made on their behalf.

Notably, EU citizens will only be required to apply for an ETA from April 2025. Meanwhile, residents of the UK holding citizenship from applicable countries are exempt from the requirement.

The UK’s ETA program was initially launched in 2024 for Gulf Cooperation Council nationals and is now expanding globally. By April 2025, all non-visa European visitors will also need to comply with the scheme.

The UK government has positioned the ETA as part of its commitment to enhancing security and modernising immigration processes. Seema Malhotra, the UK’s Minister for Migration and Citizenship, emphasised that digitisation will improve border experiences while bolstering national security.

As the January deadline approaches, Australians planning trips to the UK should prioritise applying for their ETA to ensure a seamless travel experience. For those planning European visits, a similar travel waiver, the European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS), is expected to launch later in 2025.

These changes signify a new era in global travel, underscoring the importance of digital authorisation systems for international entry.

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Fiji’s iconic restaurant robbed, leaving Australia-based owner in financial distress

Image: Maya Dhaba and its owner Harminder Singh

A popular Indian restaurant in Suva, Maya Dhaba, was the target of a burglary, leaving its owner, Harminder Singh, grappling with financial and emotional setbacks.

Fiji Times reported that staff arrived at the restaurant, located at 281 Victoria Parade, early yesterday to find the back door open, the office ransacked, cash stolen, and the alcohol cabinet emptied.

Image: Harminder Singh (Source: Fiji Times screenshot)

Singh, who has been operating Maya Dhaba since 2007, described the incident as a devastating blow following a bustling holiday season.

“I was so happy on Sunday night after hosting a big event, only to wake up to this terrible news.”

The burglars reportedly gained entry through the back door after the restaurant had closed at 10 p.m. on Sunday. An estimated $10,000 to $15,000 in cash was stolen, which included weekly earnings and employee wages due to be paid yesterday.

Image: Maya Dhaba (Source: fijivillage)

Singh said that this theft underscores the challenges of doing business amid rising crime in Suva.

“This will impact operations as I now need to figure out how to pay my staff.”

Singh has called for increased police presence in the area and urged the public to practise civic pride and responsibility.

“We are Australian-based but have made Fiji our home. Incidents like this make it difficult to sustain business here.”

The robbery also included the theft of a CCTV camera decoder and liquor valued at $2,500. Singh told fijivillage that he suspects the burglarshad prior knowledge of the restaurant’s layout.

Image: Maya Dhaba (Source: Trip Advisor)

Maya Dhaba has been a labour of love for Singh, who initially visited Fiji in 2006 for a holiday with his family. He decided to stay and open the Suva outlet of his brother’s successful Sydney restaurant.

Maya Dhaba has built a reputation for its authentic North Indian cuisine, attracting a loyal customer base that includes expatriates and embassy staff.

Police confirmed that an investigation has been launched after the incident was reported to the Totogo station.

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Indian man charged over disruptive mid-air outburst on Sydney-bound international flight

Representative image: Arrest (Source: CANVA)

An Indian national is set to face the Darwin Magistrates Court today (8 January 2025) following allegations of disruptive behaviour that forced an international flight to divert.

AFP Acting Inspector Simon Henderson condemned the incident, highlighting the risks posed by anti-social behaviour on flights.

“When flight crew have to respond to anti-social behaviour on an aircraft, it takes them away from their regular duties, which include ensuring the safety of the aircraft and the public onboard.”

The Australian Federal Police (AFP) at Darwin Airport were alerted yesterday morning (7 January 2025) by an airline requesting police intervention upon the arrival of a flight from Bangalore. The airline reported a 46-year-old man allegedly shouting, spitting on the floor, and refusing to comply with crew instructions during the flight.

Cabin crew were forced to restrain the man due to his behaviour. The flight, which was en route to Sydney, made an unscheduled stop in Darwin, delaying its journey by approximately two hours.

Acting Inspector Henderson added:

“It’s also incredibly distressing and disruptive for other travellers to be trapped in a confined space with someone behaving badly. The AFP works closely with the airline industry and other partners to protect the travelling public and takes a zero-tolerance approach to illegal behaviour.”

Upon landing, police removed the man from the aircraft and conducted interviews with crew members and passengers. He was charged with one count of offensive or disorderly behaviour on an aircraft that endangered its safety, a breach of regulation 91.525(1) under the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations. The offence carries a maximum penalty of $16,500.

The flight was able to continue to Sydney following the man’s removal.

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New research reveals why some Australian dairy farmers are considering leaving the industry

Representative image: Dairy farm (Source: CANVA)

By Clive Phillips

You might think dairy farmers would be enjoying boom times. The dairy industry has been expanding worldwide in response to increasing demand, mainly in the emerging markets of Asia.

But across many developed countries, the number of dairy farmers has in fact steadily declined, as they face growing challenges.

In Australia, the number of registered dairy farms fell from 6,308 in 2014 to 4,420 in 2022.

Australia’s dairy farmers have had to grapple with increasing and unstable costs, labour shortages, long working hours and climate extremes. They’re also staring down fierce competition from increasingly popular plant-based milks.

Even so, dairy remains Australia’s third-largest rural industry. The sector employs about 33,500 people and generates more than A$6 billion in farm gate value.

As farmers leave the industry, the herd sizes of those who remain increase. So, too, do the financial pressures. The satisfaction levels of workers in the industry may then decline, putting pressure on families and the cattle they care for.

Our research, published in Nature journal Scientific Reports, drew on interviews with 147 dairy farmers to examine these pressures in detail. Our findings paint a sobering picture of low satisfaction with the industry, causing some farmers to consider leaving it.

Our research

Our survey was conducted in 2023 and used a mixed methods approach – obtaining both quantitative and qualitative responses to gain a detailed understanding of farmers’ difficulties.

Most dairy farmers (72%) said they faced major challenges – mostly increasing costs, drought and floods.

Long working hours and low incomes created mental strain for 69% of farmers or their families. Bigger farms with more workers had a more intense working environment, leading to more stress.

As one farmer put it:

Dairy farming is pretty hard yards.

Nearly all farmers (97%) emphasised that animal welfare was not at risk, saying animals had top priority in their farming system.

Only about 20% recognised long term issues like climate change uncertainty, lack of or insufficient subsidies and grants, and changing consumer demand, as major challenges.

Openness to alternatives

More than half of dairy farmers surveyed were open to exploring other agricultural enterprises, mostly cropping and beef. However, several recognised that their land was not suited to these alternatives.

Over a third (36%) were open to transitioning away from dairy to horticulture or other business ventures. Financial assistance and technical advice were seen as the most important forms of support required to do so.

The most common reasons for considering a transition were ageing or health problems (16% of all farmers), followed by labour shortages (12%) and increasing costs (12%).

Some were concerned about rezoning of agricultural land, the threat of disease, and increased paperwork.

However, those more upbeat about dairy thought the “grass” probably wouldn’t be any “greener” on the other side of the fence, with alternative industries likely subject to similar pressures.

The key characteristics of farmers who were interested in transitioning to other agricultural or horticultural industries were their low level of satisfaction with dairy farming, openness to alternatives, and willingness to receive support.

Those interested in transitioning away from dairy farming were more likely to believe that dairy farming in Australia was not sustainable.

Among those intending to transition, it was mostly foreseen that it would take place in the long-term, as they got older.

However, many farmers (64%) were not interested in transitioning away from dairy – even if government support and assistance were provided.

Many cited a long-standing family commitment to dairy farming and higher profits than other agricultural enterprises, necessary because of many farmers’ indebtedness to the bank.

Dairy under pressure

Longer-term pressures on the dairy industry may create a need for government involvement in the transition. These include declining milk sales and growing demand for plant-based alternatives.

As if that was not enough competition, a new technology, precision fermentation threatens to produce milk and casein for cheese without cows.

The technology mirrors that developed for cultured meat, except that yeasts and bacteria are used to manufacture the proteins and fats in milk. In future, this could potentially be done at a fraction of the cost of using dairy cows.

Some major dairy companies have already invested in the technology.

It is also necessary to achieve a reduction in cows’ contribution to climate change. The Australian government has committed to a 43% reduction in 2005 emissions by 2030, building to net zero by 2050.

Australia has also joined the Global Methane Pledge to collectively reduce methane emissions by at least 30% below 2020 levels by 2030.

Moving forward

Farmers need help in finding alternatives to dairy farming. Governments bear a responsibility for sustainable food production.

If they help farmers to plan long term, beyond the immediate difficulties, they can transition gradually into enterprises that will meet the anticipated future public demand for healthy, plant-based food produced in sustainable agricultural systems.

Poor farmer welfare often impacts negatively on their animals, as acknowledged in the One Welfare concept, an extension of the One Health movement.

Clive Phillips, Adjunct professor Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute, Curtin University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Controversial Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announces resignation

With mounting pressure and growing dissent from within his own Liberal Party in Canada, controversial Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has announced his resignation.

Addressing a press conference in Ottawa Trudeau said that he intends to resign as party leader and Prime Minister after the party selects its next leader and has asked the party President to start the process.

Canada goes to polls later this year and opinion polls indicate a win for the Opposition Conservative Party after almost a decade.

The potential contenders for the top job now include Canada’s Foreign Minister Melanie Joly, Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs of Canada Dominic LeBlanc, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry Francois-Philippe Champagne and former governor of the Bank of Canada Mark Carney.

Meanwhile, Opposition Leader Pierre Poilievre who at this stage has an edge in the upcoming elections according to the opinion polls observed on X, “Nothing has changed. Every Liberal MP and Leadership contender supported EVERYTHING Trudeau did for 9 years, and now they want to trick voters by swapping in another Liberal face to keep ripping off Canadians for another 4 years, just like Justin.”

The Canadian economy has experienced a decline during Trudeau’s nine years as Prime Minister, marked by slowing growth, high inflation, and increasing government debt. Additionally, Canada’s geopolitical standing has weakened under his leadership.

Trudeau effectively derailed the bilateral relationship with an important ally, India, by accusing it of being involved in the murder of a Khalistani terrorist, Hardeep Nijjar, in Canada. Neither Trudeau nor any Canadian official has provided any proof of this alleged involvement so far.

India has outrightly rejected these allegations and in fact has accused Canada of harbouring extremists on its soil for narrow political gains.

While there had been murmurs of dissent and occasional resignations in recent months, a political storm erupted in Canada when Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland unexpectedly resigned in December, sparking widespread calls for Prime Minister Trudeau to step down.

Reports suggest Freeland and Trudeau clashed over how to address US President-elect Donald Trump’s threats to impose crippling tariffs on Canadian imports.

Trudeau announced the suspension of parliament until March 24, delaying any election until at least May. This leaves him in charge of addressing Donald Trump’s tariff threats when Trump takes office in January.

Polls indicate that Trudeau’s Liberal Party trails the opposition Conservatives, led by Pierre Poilievre, by over 20% in national averages. With an election due by October, voter frustration over high prices and housing shortages is expected to deliver a Conservative victory.

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India’s “Drillman” sets world record, stops 57 electric fans with tongue in a minute

Image: Kranthi Kumar Panikera (Source: Instagram)

Kranthi Kumar Panikera, a resident of Suryapet, Telangana, has set a Guinness World Record (GWR) for stopping 57 electric fan blades with his tongue in just 60 seconds.

Popularly known as “Drillman” for his daring feats, Panikera has stunned the world with his unique talent. Sharing his gratitude, Panikera said, “Proud moment for INDIA, Proud to be INDIAN, JAI HIND.”

“As someone from a small village, achieving four Guinness World Records feels surreal. This is not just my milestone; it’s a testament to hard work and dreaming big.”

Guinness World Records shared the jaw-dropping video on X, captioned,

“Most electric fan blades stopped using the tongue in one minute: 57 by Kranthi Drillman.”

The clip shows Panikera skilfully halting fast-spinning fan blades with lightning precision, showcasing remarkable control and resilience.

Since its release on January 2, the video has amassed over 18 million views and thousands of reactions, ranging from astonished emojis to heartfelt applause.

Image: Kranthi Kumar Panikera (Source: Instagram)

Kranthi Kumar Panikera originally aspired to become an IAS officer but shifted gears to pursue his passion for performance art. Over the years, he has showcased his extraordinary talents on platforms like India’s Got Talent, America’s Got Talent, and Tengo Talento Mucho Talento, performing more than 300 times across the globe.

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Australia’s weak digital competitiveness and workforce skill shortages exposed by new figures

Representative image: Workforce (Source: CANVA)

Australia’s ongoing workforce skills shortage and lagging digital competitiveness have been exposed by stark new figures presented in the IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2024 released by the Swiss-based business school, revealing the widening gulf between government efforts and the nation’s actual outcomes.

The ranking takes into account three main factors – knowledge, technology and future readiness – and relies on hard data and survey responses.

Despite ongoing attempts to plug gaps in sectors such as trades, healthcare, and ICT through imported labour, Australia continues to face a severe shortage of skilled workers.

Image source: IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2024

In 2023, there was a 50% shortage in the trades and technician sector, while “professional group” workers in health, engineering, and information technology were also in short supply, with a 48% shortfall.

Image source: IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2024

The workforce crisis is particularly acute in regional areas, where better-targeted education and training are essential. Federal and state governments have introduced fee-free courses to address the skills gap, targeting industries like nursing, disability care, construction, agriculture, and digital technology. However, despite these initiatives, 77% of young Australians report needing to retrain to meet the demands of their new roles.

Image source: IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2024

The country’s performance in digital competitiveness further highlights the issue, with Australia falling behind global leaders in technological skills.

According to the report, Australia is ranked 40th for digital and technological skills and 53rd for graduate science numbers, well behind the US, Singapore, and Denmark.

Image source: IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2024

While Australia has improved slightly in the global rankings, boosted by advancements in AI research and policies, it continues to face challenges. In particular, Australia’s internet bandwidth speed, ranked 50th, remains a consistent weakness. Other areas of concern include the lack of graduates in science and low government cybersecurity capacity.

CEDA senior economist Melissa Wilson told innovationaus.com that Australia’s performance in the digital competitiveness rankings would have been worse without the inclusion of two new indicators, including one measuring AI articles published per capita.

Wilson highlighted Australia’s strong showing in AI policies (ranked 8th) and peer-reviewed AI literature (ranked 13th). However, the country’s weakest performance was in internet bandwidth speed, where it ranked 50th, a consistent area of weakness in previous reports.

Political Commentator Robert Weir believes that Australia’s dependence on importing skilled workers to fill critical gaps is seen as a “quick fix” that ignores the underlying issues. Weir argues that unless the government invests in shaping a sustainable and highly skilled workforce, the country will remain reliant on external labour sources.

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39-year-old Sydney man to face court over shotgun found in luggage bound for Lebanon

Representative image: Airport security check (Source: CANVA)

A South Wentworthville man is due at Downing Centre Local Court today (7 January, 2025) after allegedly attempting to board a flight with a disassembled shotgun and ammunition in his luggage.

Australian Federal Police (AFP) were alerted on 28 December, 2024, when Sydney Airport security screening staff monitoring an x-ray flagged suspicious items in the 39-year-old man’s checked baggage.

Upon inspection, AFP officers discovered parts of a shotgun and ammunition. The man, who was preparing to board a flight to Lebanon, was stopped and questioned about the weapon. The firearm, which was seized, was allegedly not registered to him.

AFP Detective Acting Superintendent Dom Stephenson praised the swift actions of security staff and AFP officers in preventing the weapon from leaving the country.

“There was allegedly an initial claim that the weapon was a ‘drenching gun’ for agricultural use, but our investigation determined it was a shotgun broken down into two parts—a serious weapon capable of causing real harm,” he said.

“This case highlights the vigilance of airport security and the importance of working together to protect the public and stop illegal activity through our aviation hubs.”

He was charged with trafficking prohibited firearms or firearm parts out of Australia under section 361.3 of the Criminal Code (Cth), an offence carrying a maximum penalty of 20 years’ imprisonment. After being refused bail, he first appeared in court on 29 December, 2024.

Today marks the man’s second court appearance.

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How having a baby makes it more likely Australian couples rely on the man’s income

Representative image: Family (Source: CANVA)

By Francisco Perales, Janeen Baxter, and Ruth Steinbring

Australian women are better educated than men but still face poorer job prospects and lower incomes.

We see this in Australia’s stubbornly persistent gender pay gap – estimated at nearly 22%.

Our research shows how having children plays a significant part establishing and maintaining these inequalities.

What we studied

We looked at how household earnings in Australia have changed over the past two decades. We also examined the degree of women’s economic dependence on their partners, especially after childbirth.

To do this, we modelled longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey.

From this large, nationally representative dataset we looked at the household “breadwinning arrangements” of 8,570 heterosexual Australian couples.

We differentiated between male-breadwinning households (where women contributed less than 40% of labour income), equal-earnings households (women contributed 40% to 60%) and female-breadwinning households (women contributed more than 60%).

We then tracked the share of couples in each of these household categories every year between 2001 and 2019 (the most recent survey year available).

For the 1,379 couples who had their first child during the 20-year study period, we compared partners’ income contributions to the household in each of the ten years before becoming parents and the ten years after.

This analysis revealed the impact parenthood has on traditional earning roles.

What we found

Household breadwinning arrangements are slowly moving towards gender parity, according to our initial findings. This is shown by a growth in equal earnings households and fall in households where men contributed the most.

However, households where men earn the most still dominate. In 2019, they accounted for 54% of Australian households – compared to 29% of those where earnings were equal and 17% where women were the biggest contributors.


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Our research found the transition to parenthood is a key cause of this gender imbalance. Having a child increased the likelihood couples relied on the male partners’ income and reduced the chance of equal-earnings arrangements.

For example, the percentage of equal-earnings households dropped from 45% in the year before parenthood to 19% two years after. In contrast, male-breadwinning households accounted for 40% of all households in the year before parenthood, but a much larger 71% two years after.

Importantly, we found little evidence of a return to pre-parenthood arrangements a decade after couples had their first child.

By that point, 56% of households relied on the man’s earnings, 20% on the woman’s and 24% contributed equally. These results underscore the long-lasting impacts parenthood has on women’s financial and economic independence.


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Our findings mirror claims from decades of feminist scholarship showing couples often revert to traditional gender roles when they become parents. This is evident in both attitudes and behaviours.

Such shifts are motivated by personal beliefs about who should look after the children and by broader workplace and government policies. This might include a lack of workplace flexibility or expensive child care discouraging mothers from taking on paid employment.

Breaking the cycle

The federal government last year announced a plan to end gender inequality, including violence against women, the unequal sharing of domestic and care work and the under-representation of women in leadership. Central to this was promoting women’s economic security and independence.

Our research shows achieving this goal requires careful consideration of how parenthood affects households’ financial arrangements. It reveals that, under current policies, childbirth marks the start of a long period of economic dependence and insecurity for Australian women.

Fairer paternity leave schemes, tax incentives for two income households and tougher legislation protecting working mothers against discrimination would help ensure women’s job prospects do not worsen upon motherhood.

Becoming parents represents a cherished and transformative event for many couples. But it doesn’t have to see a deterioration in women’s employment and finances.

Francisco Perales, Adjunct Associate Professor, School of Social Science, The University of Queensland; Janeen Baxter, Director, ARC Life Course Centre and ARC Kathleen Fitzpatrick Laureate Fellow, The University of Queensland, and Ruth Steinbring, Social researcher, The University of Queensland

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Fiji celebrates record tourism numbers, crosses 1 million mark

Image: Paradise Taveuni Resort,(Source: Tourism Fiji - Instagram)

Fiji has marked a historic achievement in its tourism sector, with over 1.06 million visitors arriving in 2024, surpassing the one million mark for the first time in the country’s history.

Fiji’s Deputy Prime Minister, Prof. Biman Prasad, took to X to celebrate the nation’s record-breaking tourism figures and express gratitude to everyone involved in making the country’s tourism sector unforgettable, tweeting, “Vinaka vakalevu to everyone in making Fiji unforgettable!”

Tourism Fiji’s CEO, Brent Hill, celebrated the milestone, noting that more than 80,000 of these arrivals were from cruise ships, in addition to over 980,000 people arriving by air.

Hill further highlighted that 2025 is set to be another exceptional year for the industry, as Fiji enters its peak cruise season, with major vessels like the Crown Princess and MS Europa recently docking. The latter notably visited Taveuni, bringing over 5,000 passengers to the island.

Cruise tourism continues to thrive, with shore excursions, tours, and shopping contributing significantly to Fiji’s economy. Hill praised the extensive efforts by local organisations to ensure a seamless and enjoyable experience for tourists, underscoring the positive impact on Fiji’s islands and villages.

The industry has seen a remarkable growth, with 2023 already setting a record with 929,740 visitors, a 46.1% increase from the previous year.

In 2024, the record number of international tourists came from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States showing significant increases in travel to the islands.

However, this tourism success contrasts with a troubling rise in crime rates. Recently, a Fijian man has been charged following the alleged sexual assault of a Virgin Australia flight crew member and the robbery of another during New Year’s Eve celebrations in Nadi.

Fiji’s Deputy Prime Minister and Tourism Minister Viliame Gavoka expressed concern over the incidents, calling them “regrettable” and promising to bolster security in tourist areas. “We need to revamp the tourism police unit and increase visibility to ensure safety,” Gavoka said. While highlighting Fiji as a generally safe destination, he acknowledged the challenges of managing public safety in popular nightlife districts like Nadi. The incidents have prompted calls for a balance between relaxed holiday experiences and stricter safety measures.

In 2024, the Fiji Police Force reported an increase in crime compared to 2023, with theft, assault causing bodily harm, burglary, and unlawful possession of illicit drugs being the most common offences. The force also highlighted a rise in sexual offences, including sexual assault and rape.

Fiji’s tourism industry, a cornerstone of its economy, contributes approximately 40% to the nation’s GDP, and the allegations have sparked widespread concern among locals about their potential future impact on the sector. In response, government and police authorities have vowed to ramp up law enforcement efforts with a focus on maintaining safety and order amid the growing tourist numbers.

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Australia’s Prof. Ajay Rane and Fiji’s Swami Sanyuktanand to receive highest honour for overseas Indians

Image: Prof. Ajay Rane (Source: Queensland Government) and Image: Swami Sanyuktanand founder of the Fiji Sevashram Sangha (Source: Facebook -Fiji Sevashram Sangha)

Australia’s Prof. Ajay Rane and Fiji’s Swami Sanyuktanand have been announced as recipients of the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Award (PBSA), highest honour for overseas Indians.

Image: Prof. Rane  (Source: Queensland Government)

Prof. Ajay Rane is recognised for his outstanding contributions to community service. A professor and staunch advocate for women’s health, Prof. Rane’s work in Australia has led to transformative changes in maternal healthcare and social equity.

Prof. Rane’ dedication to grassroots impact has earned him accolades both within and beyond academic circles, highlighting the importance of advocacy and compassion in fostering societal well-being.

Image: Prof. Rane  (Source: Queensland Government)

As the founding Head of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at James Cook University and the creator of Queensland’s first non-metropolitan urogynaecology service, Prof. Rane has significantly improved local and global care. Over two decades, he has led efforts to treat fistula in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, framing it as a human rights issue. In 2020, he became the only Australian to receive an honorary fellowship from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists for this work.

Image: Swami Sanyuktanand founder of the Fiji Sevashram Sangha (Source: Facebook -Fiji Sevashram Sangha)

Equally notable is the recognition of Swami Sanyuktanand from Fiji, whose humanitarian and spiritual leadership has been pivotal for over two decades.

As the founder of the Fiji Sevashram Sangha, established in April 2000, he has been the driving force behind its growth into one of Fiji’s largest and most effective humanitarian and spiritual organisations. Initially based at Suva’s Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Swami Sanyuktanand collaborated with community leaders to lay the foundation for the Sangha, initiating activities like student camps, Purnima pooja, and disaster relief efforts.

Image: Swami Sanyuktanand founder of the Fiji Sevashram Sangha (Source: Facebook -Fiji Sevashram Sangha)

Under his leadership, the organisation has promoted unity through festivals such as Ganesh Utsav and contributed to building temples and offering spiritual guidance. Inspired by the vision of Bharat Sevashram Sangha’s founder, Srimat Swami Pranavananda Ji Maharaj, Swami Sanyuktanand has dedicated 22 years to serving Fijians across all levels, embodying selfless service and compassion.

The PBSA selection process, overseen by a Jury-cum-Awards Committee chaired by India’s Vice-President and comprising the External Affairs Minister and other distinguished members, ensures that honourees represent the finest achievements across a wide array of fields. This year’s recipients span sectors such as education, medical science, business, and public affairs, underscoring the breadth of excellence within the Indian diaspora.

In addition to Prof. Rane and Swami Sanyuktanand, this year’s awardees include achievers from countries as diverse as Austria, Japan, the United States, and Guyana. Their accomplishments showcase the global influence of the Indian community in shaping innovation, culture, and humanitarian efforts.

The PBD Convention itself serves as a platform to strengthen the bond between India and its diaspora. Featuring panel discussions, cultural programmes, and networking opportunities, the event highlights shared heritage and fosters collaboration on global challenges.

Image: India’s President Murmu to Confer Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Awards 2025 (Source: X)

The Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Awards will honour the Indian diaspora’s achievements at the 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas Convention in Bhubaneswar, from 8–10 January 2025, with President Droupadi Murmu presenting them during the valedictory session on 10 January.

The following are the recipients of the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Awards 2025:

  • Prof. Ajay Rane, Australia – Community Service
  • Dr. Marialena Joan Fernandes, Austria – Education
  • Dr. Philomena Ann Mohini Harris, Barbados – Medical Science
  • Swami Sanyuktanand, Fiji – Community Service
  • Saraswati Vidya Niketan, Guyana – Community Service
  • Dr. Lekh Raj Juneja, Japan – Science & Technology
  • Dr. Prem Kumar, Kyrgyz Republic – Medical Science
  • Soukthavy Chowdhury, Laos – Business
  • Krishna Savjani, Malawi – Business
  • ‘Tan Sri’ Dr. Subramaniam K.V. Sathasivam, Malaysia – Politics
  • Dr. Sarita Boodhoo, Mauritius – Community Service
  • Mr. Abhaya Kumar, Moldova – Business
  • Dr. Ram Niwas @ Hla Tun, Myanmar – Education
  •  Jaggannath Shekhar Asthana, Romania – Business
  • Hindustani Samaj, Russia – Community Service
  • Sudha Rani Gupta, Russia – Education
  • Dr. Syed Anwar Khursheed, Saudi Arabia – Medical Science
  • Atul Arvind Temurnikar, Singapore – Education
  •  Robert Masih Nahar, Spain – Community Service
  • Dr. Kaushik Laxmidas Ramaiya, Tanzania – Medicine
  • H.E. Christine Carla Kangaloo ORTT, Trinidad & Tobago – Public Affairs
  • Ramakrishnan Sivaswamy Iyer, UAE – Business
  • Bonthala Subbaiah Setty Ramesh Babu, Uganda – Community Service
  • Baroness Usha Kumari Prashar, UK – Politics
  • Dr. Sharad Lakhanpal, USA – Medicine
  • Dr. Sharmila Ford, USA – Community Service
  • Ravi Kumar S., USA – Business (IT & Consulting)

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Families torn apart as parent visa backlogs in Australia and Canada spark calls for reform

Representative image: Grandparents (Source: CANVA)

Families in Australia and Canada are grappling with heartbreaking delays in parent visa processing, with thousands waiting decades to reunite with loved ones.

In Australia, reported by the Guardian, nearly 2,300 parent visa applicants have died over the past three years without seeing their visas approved, while in Canada, delays have prompted a suspension of new applications as the backlog swells.

In Australia, the contributory parent visa costs $48,495 and takes 14 years to process, while the general aged parent visa, at $5,125, requires a staggering 31-year wait. Despite raising the annual cap for parent visas from 4,500 to 8,500, the Australian government has seen pending applications grow from 140,000 in 2023 to over 150,000.

Similarly, Canada has paused new parent and grandparent visa applications to address its own backlog of over 40,000 sponsorships as of the end of 2023. The Canadian immigration ministry plans to process only 15,000 applications in 2024, despite having invited over 35,000 sponsors to submit their applications. Processing times, which once averaged 24 months, have become increasingly unpredictable.

Experts in both countries warn of the emotional toll and limited political appetite for reform. Canada’s Immigration Minister Marc Miller emphasised the need to balance family reunification with economic priorities, suggesting that the pause on new applications would help clear the backlog.

Both nations are exploring temporary visa options as stopgap measures. In Australia, the longer-stay parent visa allows up to 10 years of temporary residency but offers no pathway to permanency. Similarly, Canada’s focus has shifted to clearing existing applications while limiting new entrants under its Parent and Grandparent Program.

For families, the delays are devastating. Submissions to migration reviews in both countries reveal the mental health strain on parents left overseas and children separated from their loved ones.

A spokesperson for the Home Affairs Department told the Guardian that he delays to limited resources and high demand, stating,

“All visa programs are subject to limited resourcing, leading to application assessment delays during periods of increased demand.”

As parent visa backlogs grow, the human cost of delayed reunions continues to mount, prompting urgent calls for both countries to find fair and efficient solutions.

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Cricket Australia regrets Gavaskar’s absence from trophy presentation, acknowledges misstep

Image: Allan Border presenting BGT to Pat Cummins (Source: Cricket Australia - X) and Sunil Gavaskar (Source: X)

Indian cricket legend Sunil Gavaskar was left on the sidelines during the presentation ceremony of the Border-Gavaskar Trophy at the SCG on Sunday, sparking widespread backlash and disappointment.

Despite the series being named in his honour alongside Australian great Allan Border, Gavaskar was not invited on stage to hand over the coveted trophy to Australia’s victorious captain, Pat Cummins, after their 3-1 series win over India.

Gavaskar, who was present at the ground, was reportedly unaware of the arrangement until the final Test began.

It is being reported that Cricket Australia (CA) had decided beforehand that Border would present the trophy if Australia won, while Gavaskar would handle the presentation only if India retained the title. This decision left Gavaskar standing near the boundary rope as Border alone took to the stage.

Speaking after the ceremony, Gavaskar expressed his perplexity, saying,

“It’s the Border-Gavaskar Trophy, and it’s about Australia and India. I would have been happy to present the trophy with my good friend Allan Border. It shouldn’t matter who won; both names are on the trophy.”

CA later admitted it would have been “preferable” for both cricketing icons to be part of the ceremony, issuing a statement saying,

“We acknowledge that involving both Allan Border and Sunil Gavaskar in the presentation would have been ideal.”

Gavaskar’s exclusion struck a particularly sour note given his significant contribution to the rivalry, which has grown to be one of cricket’s most prestigious.

The former Indian captain, who amassed over 10,000 Test runs in his illustrious career, has been a central figure in the summer’s commentary team and was actively involved in celebrating the series.

The decision to sideline Gavaskar has drawn sharp criticism from cricket fans and commentators alike, with many calling it a missed opportunity to honour one of the sport’s greatest contributors. On social media, fans expressed their disappointment, with some labelling the move disrespectful to the former Indian skipper.

While the controversy unfolded, Australia’s dominant performance in the series was somewhat overshadowed. The team reclaimed the Border-Gavaskar Trophy after six years, earning their place in the World Test Championship final. The SCG Test marked a historic victory for Pat Cummins’ men, overcoming challenging conditions to secure a six-wicket win.

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Indian princes at Australian Jamboree, legacy of scouting adventure continues in Queensland at AJ2025

Image: Indian Scouts en route to the 1934 Australian Jamboree, including the Prince of Mandot and Kumar Deo Singh, the third son of the Maharajah of Dhenokal (Source: Facebook - Australian Indian History) and AJ2025 T-shirt (Source: Facebook)

The excitement is building as Scouts from across Australia and around the world prepare to gather for the 26th Australian Jamboree (AJ2025) a monumental event set to unfold from 6 to 15 January at the Maryborough Showgrounds and Equestrian Park in Queensland.

With over 10,000 Scouts and Venturers expected to attend, the jamboree promises ten days of adventure, skill-building, and cultural exchange, embodying the spirit of Scouting that has inspired generations.

This year’s jamboree is not just a celebration of camaraderie and resilience; it is a testament to the rich history of Scouting in Australia and its enduring global connections.

Image: Robert Baden-Powell with early scouts (Photo: World Scout Bureau Inc. / The Scout Association / Source: WS0)

The Boy Scouts movement began in England on January 24, 1908, with the publication of Robert Baden-Powell’s Scouting for Boys, inspired by his military experiences and his desire to teach young boys about morality, outdoor skills, and good deeds.

Image: Boy Scouts movement begins in England (Source: Facebook – Joe’s Friendly Tavern Empire)

Baden-Powell’s first experimental camp with 21 boys on Brownsea Island in 1907 was a success, leading to the rapid growth of Scout troops across Britain. By the end of 1908, 60,000 Scouts had joined, and the movement quickly spread globally. In 1909, the first national meeting was held in London, with Girl Scouts joining in 1910.

Image: Official Opening of Australian Jamboree on 29th December, 1934 (Source: https://bpp.org.au/aj-1935)

Scouting in Australia began in 1908, shortly after the publication of Baden-Powell’s Scouting for Boys. Baden-Powell’s influence extended with the creation of the Cub Scouts and the first international Jamboree in 1920.

By 1934, Australia had firmly established itself within the global Scouting movement, hosting its inaugural international jamboree in Frankston, Victoria. The Frankston Jamboree was a pivotal event for Scouting in Australia, drawing 10,000 Scouts from 24 countries, including Belgium, South Africa, Fiji, and India.

Video: 1st Australian Scout Jamboree at Frankston, Victoria 1934-1935 (Source: Scouts Victoria)

This was a historic occasion, as it marked the first international Scout gathering outside Europe and was graced by Scouting founder Baden-Powell.

Image: Indian Scouts en route to the 1934 Australian Jamboree, including the Prince of Mandot and Kumar Deo Singh, the third son of the Maharajah of Dhenokal (Source: Facebook – Australian Indian History)

The Indian contingent included the Prince of Mandot; Kumar Deo Singh, the third son of the Maharajah of Dhenokal; Armar Singh; and Santokh Singh, who arrived in Fremantle, Western Australia, aboard the “Jervis Bay.” Their presence was a powerful symbol of Scouting’s mission to unite diverse cultures under the shared values of friendship and service.

Image: Armar Singh and Santokh Singh en route to the 1934 Australian Jamboree (News screenshot: The Argus Jan. 1935 / Source: Facebook – Australian Indian History)

Scouting in India also has a storied past, beginning in 1908 as an overseas branch of the Scout Association. However, in its early days, the movement largely excluded native Indians due to colonial policies. This changed thanks to pioneers like Justice Vivian Bose and social reformers such as Annie Besant, who championed inclusivity.

Image: Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru, First Prime Minister of India, with President of USA Eisenhower, 1959 (Source: BSG)

By 1950, Indian Scouting consolidated under the Bharat Scouts and Guides (BSG), a voluntary, non-political, and secular organisation registered under the Societies Registration Act, which now engages millions of young people across the country. Unfortunately, this year, the BSG contingent will not be able to participate in the Australian Jamboree.

Image: AJ 2025 – 26th Australian Jamboree  (Source: Facebook)

The spirit of global friendship that characterised the Frankston Jamboree continues to resonate in today’s Scouting events. AJ2025 will undoubtedly echo this legacy, bringing together Scouts from different corners of the world to share experiences, forge connections, and celebrate their collective commitment to making the world a better place. It is a fitting reminder that Scouting, though deeply rooted in history, remains a forward-looking movement, empowering young people to navigate the challenges of the future with confidence and compassion.

Image: AJ 2025 – 26th Australian Jamboree  (Source: Facebook)

As Scouts prepare to pitch their tents in Maryborough and embark on a week of unforgettable experiences, they carry with them the enduring values of the Scouting movement—a tradition of adventure, leadership, and unity that continues to inspire and connect communities across the globe.

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Melbourne fires under investigation as suspicious after major blazes close roads

Image: Huge fire at Kennards Self Storage in Port Melbourne and another fire broke out on Whitehorse Road in Nunawading overnight.

Two massive fires in Melbourne have been deemed suspicious by police as investigations continue.

Image: Huge fire at Kennards Self Storage in Port Melbourne (Source: Instagram screenshot)

The first blaze broke out on 4 January at Kennards Self Storage in Port Melbourne, shutting down a major freeway. Emergency services were called to the out-of-control fire at 8.35pm. Social media footage showed flames ravaging the storage facility, engulfing nearby trees and creating a massive plume of black smoke above the city.

Victoria Police revealed that the fire is being treated as suspicious, urging anyone with information to contact Crime Stoppers. Fire crews from at least nine units attended the scene, with the blaze contained by 9.47pm. No injuries were reported.

Image: A fire broke out on Whitehorse Road in Nunawading overnight (Source: ABC News screenshot)

In a separate incident on 5 January, a suspicious fire broke out in a two-storey building on Whitehorse Road in Nunawading, resulting in the evacuation of about 30 people from their homes. Fire Rescue Victoria dispatched nearly 100 firefighters to the scene. The fire, which started after 2am, caused significant damage, but no injuries were reported. Authorities have classified the fire as suspicious, and Whitehorse Road remains closed as of 9:45am Sunday.

Police are also investigating a grass fire that spread along the West Gate Freeway to a storage facility in Port Melbourne. The fire, which occurred shortly before 9pm on Saturday, also spread to nearby scrub and caused significant disruption. Sixteen fire trucks attended the scene, and the fire is being treated as suspicious.

Investigations into both fires are ongoing.

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Most adults will gain half a kilo this year – and every year. Here’s how to stop ‘weight creep’

Representative image: Weight gain (Source: CANVA)

By Nick Fuller

As we enter a new year armed with resolutions to improve our lives, there’s a good chance we’ll also be carrying something less helpful: extra kilos. At least half a kilogram, to be precise.

“Weight creep” doesn’t have to be inevitable. Here’s what’s behind this sneaky annual occurrence and some practical steps to prevent it.

Small gains add up

Adults tend to gain weight progressively as they age and typically gain an average of 0.5 to 1kg every year.

While this doesn’t seem like much each year, it amounts to 5kg over a decade. The slow-but-steady nature of weight creep is why many of us won’t notice the extra weight gained until we’re in our fifties.

Why do we gain weight?

Subtle, gradual lifestyle shifts as we progress through life and age-related biological changes cause us to gain weight. Our:

  • activity levels decline. Longer work hours and family commitments can see us become more sedentary and have less time for exercise, which means we burn fewer calories
  • diets worsen. With frenetic work and family schedules, we sometimes turn to pre-packaged and fast foods. These processed and discretionary foods are loaded with hidden sugars, salts and unhealthy fats. A better financial position later in life can also result in more dining out, which is associated with a higher total energy intake
  • sleep decreases. Busy lives and screen use can mean we don’t get enough sleep. This disturbs our body’s energy balance, increasing our feelings of hunger, triggering cravings and decreasing our energy
  • stress increases. Financial, relationship and work-related stress increases our body’s production of cortisol, triggering food cravings and promoting fat storage
  • metabolism slows. Around the age of 40, our muscle mass naturally declines, and our body fat starts increasing. Muscle mass helps determine our metabolic rate, so when our muscle mass decreases, our bodies start to burn fewer calories at rest.

We also tend to gain a small amount of weight during festive periods – times filled with calorie-rich foods and drinks, when exercise and sleep are often overlooked. One study of Australian adults found participants gained 0.5 kilograms on average over the Christmas/New Year period and an average of 0.25 kilograms around Easter.

Why we need to prevent weight creep

It’s important to prevent weight creep for two key reasons:

1. Weight creep resets our body’s set point

Set-point theory suggests we each have a predetermined weight or set point. Our body works to keep our weight around this set point, adjusting our biological systems to regulate how much we eat, how we store fat and expend energy.

When we gain weight, our set point resets to the new, higher weight. Our body adapts to protect this new weight, making it challenging to lose the weight we’ve gained.

But it’s also possible to lower your set point if you lose weight gradually and with an interval weight loss approach. Specifically, losing weight in small manageable chunks you can sustain – periods of weight loss, followed by periods of weight maintenance, and so on, until you achieve your goal weight.

2. Weight creep can lead to obesity and health issues

Undetected and unmanaged weight creep can result in obesity which can increase our risk of heart disease, strokes, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis and several types of cancers (including breast, colorectal, oesophageal, kidney, gallbladder, uterine, pancreatic and liver).

A large study examined the link between weight gain from early to middle adulthood and health outcomes later in life, following people for around 15 years. It found those who gained 2.5 to 10kg over this period had an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, strokes, obesity-related cancer and death compared to participants who had maintained a stable weight.

Fortunately, there are steps we can take to build lasting habits that will make weight creep a thing of the past.

7 practical steps to prevent weight creep

1. Eat from big to small

Aim to consume most of your food earlier in the day and taper your meal sizes to ensure dinner is the smallest meal you eat.

A low-calorie or small breakfast leads to increased feelings of hunger, specifically appetite for sweets, across the course of the day.

We burn the calories from a meal 2.5 times more efficiently in the morning than in the evening. So emphasising breakfast over dinner is also good for weight management.

2. Use chopsticks, a teaspoon or an oyster fork

Sit at the table for dinner and use different utensils to encourage eating more slowly.

This gives your brain time to recognise and adapt to signals from your stomach telling you you’re full.

3. Eat the full rainbow

Fill your plate with vegetables and fruits of different colours first to support eating a high-fibre, nutrient-dense diet that will keep you feeling full and satisfied.

Meals also need to be balanced and include a source of protein, wholegrain carbohydrates and healthy fat to meet our dietary needs – for example, eggs on wholegrain toast with avocado.

4. Reach for nature first

Retrain your brain to rely on nature’s treats – fresh vegetables, fruit, honey, nuts and seeds. In their natural state, these foods release the same pleasure response in the brain as ultra-processed and fast foods, helping you avoid unnecessary calories, sugar, salt and unhealthy fats.

5. Choose to move

Look for ways to incorporate incidental activity into your daily routine – such as taking the stairs instead of the lift – and boost your exercise by challenging yourself to try a new activity.

Just be sure to include variety, as doing the same activities every day often results in boredom and avoidance.

6. Prioritise sleep

Set yourself a goal of getting a minimum of seven hours of uninterrupted sleep each night, and help yourself achieve it by avoiding screens for an hour or two before bed.

7. Weigh yourself regularly

Getting into the habit of weighing yourself weekly is a guaranteed way to help avoid the kilos creeping up on us. Aim to weigh yourself on the same day, at the same time and in the same environment each week and use the best quality scales you can afford.


At the Boden Group, Charles Perkins Centre, we are studying the science of obesity and running clinical trials for weight loss. You can register here to express your interest.

Nick Fuller, Clinical Trials Director, Department of Endocrinology, RPA Hospital, University of Sydney

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Australia crush India in Sydney to clinch Border-Gavaskar Trophy and book WTC final spot

Image: Australia vs India at the SCG (Source: Cricket Australia - X)

Australia has regained the Border-Gavaskar Trophy for the first time since 2014, securing a dominant 3-1 series victory with a six-wicket win over India in the fifth and final Test at the Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG).

This win has also earned Australia a spot in the ICC World Test Championship (WTC) 2023-25 final, where they will face South Africa at Lord’s in June.

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese celebrated Australia’s emphatic series victory over India, taking to social media to commend Pat Cummins and his team: “Congratulations to @patcummins30 and the Australian cricket team on a fantastic victory in an enthralling tough series.”

Despite a promising start to the series with a commanding 295-run win in the opening Test, India faltered in the following matches. In Sydney, Indian batters once again struggled, failing to breach the 200-run mark in both innings. Wicketkeeper-batter Rishabh Pant was the standout performer for India, scoring 40 and 61 in the respective innings, while the rest of the batting line-up, including stars like Virat Kohli and KL Rahul, underperformed.

Australia’s pace attack, led by 35-year-old Scott Boland, dismantled India. Boland took 10 wickets in the match, earning the Player of the Match award, while Pat Cummins and Mitchell Starc shared eight more. Cummins also contributed crucial breakthroughs in India’s second innings, where the visitors added only 16 runs to their overnight score of 6-141.

Chasing 162 for victory, Australia faced early turbulence, losing three wickets for 19 runs after a rapid start by openers Sam Konstas (22) and Usman Khawaja (41). Steve Smith, who needed just one run to reach 10,000 career Test runs, fell agonisingly short, dismissed for four.

However, Travis Head (34*) and debutant Beau Webster (39*) steadied the innings, punishing errant Indian bowlers to seal the win before tea on day three. Webster, playing his first Test, fittingly hit the winning runs with a boundary over mid-off.

Australia’s captain, Pat Cummins, praised his team’s resilience and achievement. “It’s such a special group. Really proud of what we’ve been able to accomplish, and we’re having the best time of our lives doing it together,” he said. Cummins’ leadership has been transformative, guiding Australia to every major bilateral trophy, the 2023 Cricket World Cup, and now a spot in the WTC final.

India’s captain Jasprit Bumrah, named Player of the Series for his 32 wickets, was unable to bowl on the final day due to back spasms, leaving the Indian attack short-handed in a crucial moment.

With this emphatic series win, Australia heads to Lord’s as favourites to claim the WTC title, while India faces questions about their batting fragility and missed opportunities.

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Indian actress leads 11,600 Bharatanatyam dancers to a Guinness World Record

Image: Led by acclaimed Mollywood actress and dancer Divya Unni Image: 11,600 dancers performed Bharatanatyam at Kochi’s Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium (Source: X)

Kochi’s Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium became a mesmerising stage of tradition and artistry as 11,600 dancers performed Bharatanatyam, setting a new Guinness World Record on Sunday, December 29. Led by acclaimed Mollywood actress and dancer Divya Unni, the performance broke the previous record of 10,176 dancers.

Themed “Kailasam,” the event was a tribute to divinity and cultural heritage. Dressed in vibrant blue silk sarees, the dancers moved in perfect unison to an eight-minute composition penned by renowned lyricist Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri, set to music by his son Deepankuran and sung by Anoop Sankar.

Minister for Cultural Affairs Saji Cherian inaugurated the event, which included distinguished attendees such as Kaithapram, actor Sijoy Varghese, and other luminaries. The spectacle featured participants as young as seven and over 550 dance teachers from around the world.

Despite the grandeur, the event witnessed a concerning incident. Thrikkakara MLA Uma Thomas fell 15 feet from an improperly barricaded stage in the VIP gallery. She was immediately rushed to hospital with serious injuries. The Palarivattom police have registered a case against the organisers, citing negligence.

The mishap occurred just before the event began, with the stadium filled to capacity and more than 50,000 attendees present. Performances planned for the dais were cancelled, and no speeches were made following the accident.

The record-breaking performance was a testament to months of rigorous practice, showcasing the unifying power of dance. As the dancers formed a clockwise circle with Divya Unni at the centre, the stadium resonated with their synchronised movements and devotion.

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“Where’s your visa?” SCG drama and MCG controversy fuel Australia-India cricket rivalry

Image: Bumrah-Konstas at the SCG (Source: Cricket Australia) and 'Where's your visa?' chants at the MCG (Source: X)

By Nikhar Budhadev and Amit Sarwal

An explosive verbal clash between Australian opener Sam Konstas and Indian pacer Jasprit Bumrah during the fifth Test at the SCG has dominated headlines, igniting passionate debates about aggression, sportsmanship, and psychological tactics in cricket.

The fiery exchange, unfolding in a high-stakes series, drew immediate reactions from Australian media, with each outlet dissecting its significance and impact on the game.

The Daily Advertiser described the incident as a “clash of tempers,” attributing the confrontation to Bumrah’s alleged time-wasting tactics, which triggered an intense verbal duel. The Australian praised Konstas for embodying the fighting spirit synonymous with Australian cricket but urged a balance between competitive fervour and sportsmanship. Code Sports highlighted the strategic implications, noting how the altercation disrupted India’s rhythm but could also embolden the opposition.

Meanwhile, the Braidwood Times dubbed it “The moment that changed everything,” emphasising the fiery exchanges that followed Usman Khawaja’s dismissal, while The Sydney Morning Herald detailed the emotional fallout, spotlighting Bumrah’s visible frustration and Konstas’ composure under pressure.

Adding to the tension, a separate incident during the fourth Test in Melbourne has sparked outrage on social media.

On the Boxing Day Test, Indian fans at the MCG were targeted with racist chants, including the offensive “Where’s your visa?” A viral video of the incident has drawn widespread condemnation, overshadowing the cricketing spectacle.

The chants, aimed at Indian supporters, have reignited discussions about racism in sport, with calls for stricter measures to ensure fan behaviour aligns with the spirit of the game.

These incidents have not only intensified the Australia-India cricket rivalry but also highlighted broader issues of sportsmanship and inclusivity. As the series progresses, the drama on and off the field continues to captivate and provoke, leaving an indelible mark on the historic contest between these two cricketing powerhouses.

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Border Gavaskar Trophy: A thrilling battle keeping test cricket alive

Image: 15th Test FIFTY for Rishabh Pant (Source: BCCI - X)

By Asha Bhat OAM

The Border Gavaskar Trophy has once again shown why Test cricket is the heart of the game. This series has been nothing short of extraordinary, bringing together two proud cricketing nations in a contest filled with passion, grit, and unforgettable moments. It’s been a reminder of why we love this format — the drama, the patience, the fightback, and the moments of brilliance that can shift the game in a single session.

What’s made this series even more special is the way young talent has risen to the challenge. Yashasvi Jaiswal has batted with such maturity beyond his years, while Nitish Kumar Reddy has shown glimpses of being a future star for India. On the other side, Sam Konstas has made quite an impact for Australia, playing with the confidence of a seasoned pro despite being so new to the international stage. Watching these young players step up under pressure has been one of the highlights of this series.

And then there’s the flair and firepower of players like Rishabh Pant and Travis Head. Pant’s fearless innings, especially in this Sydney Test, has been a joy to watch — unpredictable, bold, and game changing, just as we’ve seen him do before. Head, in his own style, has brought the same kind of aggressive energy for Australia, showing that Test cricket can be as thrilling as any other format when players like them are at their best.

But if there’s one player who has truly defined this series, it’s Jasprit Bumrah. His bowling has been nothing short of world-class — the accuracy, the pace, the relentless pressure. He’s been the difference for India, and no matter what happens tomorrow, he deserves the Player of the Series title. Whether or not he’s fit enough to bowl on the final day, Bumrah has already proven why he’s the best fast bowler in the world right now.

Looking ahead, if India can push past 200 runs and Bumrah is fit to bowl, we could be in for one of the most thrilling finishes in recent Test history. This series has had everything — the fight, the talent, the drama — and it’s kept Test cricket well and truly alive.

Contributing Author: Asha Bhat OAM is the CEO of the Southern Aboriginal Corporation and a highly accomplished leader celebrated for her contributions to community development, social justice, and advocacy. She was honoured as a 2024 Gold Winner of the Women Changing the World Awards and inducted into the WA Women’s Hall of Fame the same year.

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Suspect charged in Virgin Airlines crew member alleged sexual assault and theft in Fiji

Representative image: Virgin Australia (Source: X) and the alleged attack happened outside the Bar One nightclub in Nadi (Source: ABC News screenshot) and Virgin

Fijian authorities have charged a man in connection with the alleged rape and sexual assault of a Virgin Australia crew member during New Year’s celebrations in Nadi.

It is reported that the alleged victim, a 21-year-old woman from Melbourne, was reportedly separated from her colleagues during a night out in the Martintar entertainment district. She was allegedly assaulted while returning to her hotel.

In a separate incident, another crew member was robbed and sustained facial injuries. Police are continuing their investigations into both cases.

Earlier in a statement Virgin Australia acknowledged the incidents, observing taht their focus is on supporting the affected crew members. Most of the team returned to Australia by the end of the week, with some staying back to assist in the investigation.

Fiji’s Deputy Prime Minister and Tourism Minister Viliame Gavoka expressed concern over the incidents, calling them “regrettable” and promising to bolster security in tourist areas. “We need to revamp the tourism police unit and increase visibility to ensure safety,” Gavoka said.

While highlighting Fiji as a generally safe destination, he acknowledged the challenges of managing public safety in popular nightlife districts like Nadi. The incidents have prompted calls for a balance between relaxed holiday experiences and stricter safety measures.

Fiji’s tourism industry contributes approximately 40% to the nation’s GDP, and the allegations have sparked widespread concern among locals about their potential impact on the sector.

Authorities continue to investigate the events, with Virgin Australia deploying staff to provide further support to the affected crew.

Acting Police Commissioner Juki Fong Chew confirmed to the ABC the suspect, a local, will appear in Magistrate’s Court on Monday. The case may be referred to the High Court in Lautoka due to its severity. The charged suspect faces severe penalties if convicted.

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Blue Pacific’s Engagement with Trump Presidency

Image: US President Donald Trump met with, from left, Marshall Islands President Hilda Heine, Federated States of Micronesia President David Panuelo, and Palau President Tommy Remengesau, 2019 (Source: Facebook: US Embassy Kolonia/Official White House Photo)

Dr Satyendra Prasad

Leaders across the Pacific Island states are preparing for the return to Oval Office by President-Elect Donald Trump. They are anxious. They are hopeful. They are anticipating an era of new possibilities.

Unquestionably, there will be turbulence ahead in the Pacific Island States and the US relationship as the policy directions of President Trump begin to fall in place from January 20th. It will focus obviously on Russia-Ukraine War, Middle East, on China among other regions.

Will the Blue Pacific be left behind in the list of US priorities? There is anxiety that the step up in US engagement building under the Biden Presidency may be disrupted.  

A recalibration of US and Pacific relationship may be necessary – in ways that ensures that US-Pacific relations are more overtly responsive to US concerns, and equally respectful of the sovereignty and interests of Pacific Island states. This will not be an easy task. Is the Blue Pacific ready?

Investing in relationship building

A Trump presidency will be deeply personal. This is not necessarily a bad thing for the Pacific. The Pacific thrives on personal relationships and on personal connections.

President Trump may extend an early invitation to the leaders of the Blue Pacific to the White House. Should this happen, it would be an opportunity to extend an invitation to President Trump in return to the Blue Pacific – possibly in a Pacific Islands Forum setting.

Becoming the first sitting US President in history to visit the Blue Pacific will be historic. For the Pacific, this will be an opportunity to discuss its extreme vulnerability and express its bilateral and multilateral priorities. For the Pacific, this will be an opportunity to have the undivided attention of the US President – even if that were only for few hours.  For the US, it will be an opportunity for intimate and blunt conversations about security considerations that matter to the US.  

Geostrategic messaging

China enjoys an important advantage in the Pacific  – that is the consistency in its messaging to the Pacific. Its messages and its engagements are framed over the long term – and its approach survives several US presidencies.

The Biden Administration learned a difficult lesson in its efforts to step up US engagement with the region. It found that the Pacific disliked  stop-restart approaches to engagement and reengagement. It found that the Pacific valued consistency. It valued long term relationships.

Image: President Joe Biden poses for a family photo with leaders of the Pacific Island Country Summit Thursday, September 29, 2022, at the North Portico of the White House. (Source: Official White House Photo by Erin Scott)

Strengthening Alliances

The island states have often relied on Australia and New Zealand to project their concerns and issues to the US because they have larger representations in Washington D.C. and because they are great friends.

It is also true, that like the rest of the World, Australia and New Zealand’s diplomats will have their plates full especially on issues related to tariffs.

The Pacific will do well to invest directly in building broader coalitions across both Houses of the US – its Congress and its Senate. Congressmen and women and  Senators representing Hawaii, California, Washington State, American Samoa, Guam and other regions take a lot of interest in issues of concern to the Blue Pacific. They come from both the political parties.

There is a significant convergence in their support to the island states.  The Pacific cannot take this for granted – it needs to build on this. More sustained engagements with these coalitions will be helpful in settling down the new Administration around the Pacific’s priorities.

Visibility and Presence

A stepped-up engagement between the US and from the Pacific requires sustained presence. The US has made a great start in stepping up its diplomatic presence across the Pacific. This needs to be sustained. Its appointment of a Special Envoy to PIF has been welcomed.

A further step up is now needed and the ball is squarely in the Pacific’s court. The region must stop procrastinating about its permanent presence in Washington DC. Early in the life of the new Presidency, Pacific Islands Forum will be well advised to appoint its Special Envoy to the USA supported by a full time Pacific Islands Trade Commissioner. This is a minimum that the region can do – and perhaps within the first 30 days.

The US may in turn establish a Permanent Office for its Special Envoy to Pacific Islands Forum to be based in Suva. 

Managing competition

There are no hotspots for conflict between China and the USA in the Blue Pacific. There are no maritime boundaries, no shoals, no reefs  that are contested and of interest to either of the super powers.

Nevertheless, the sky, the sea-lanes  and the seabed  are all contested – hotly contested. Those who control these will have great advantages in the networked global economy of the future.

Some 3000 of the 7000  Elon Musk’s SpaceX satellites, hover on the blue skies of the Blue Pacific on any day. Without that SpaceX will be a regional – not a global platform.

The importance of the Blue Pacific to the US is well understood by President Elect Trump and by his advisors. The Blue Pacific features in an outsized way in the future security calculations of the USA. It features in an outsized way in the security calculations in Beijing equally.

The Blue Pacific’s leaders need to be crystal clear about their sovereignty, their rights and their interests across all these domains as they step up their engagement with the incoming administration – in its first100 days especially.

Pacific’s leaders will need to impress on the new Administration on why the region seeks to engage collectively rather than individually on these questions. They will need to make their collective case to an Administration that prefers bilateral arrangements – not cumbersome multilateral approaches.  

It is also feasible that the US will once again retreat from the Pacific  – especially though disruptions to the operations of its State Department and its development arm – the USAID especially. Today, this will be more traumatic for the US than for the Blue Pacific.

A US retreat from the Blue Pacific will be at a great cost to its own security and eventually to its economic regeneration. Ultimately economic regeneration is the great promise of the America First strategy being advanced by President Elect Trump.   

In the World’s most climate stressed and vulnerable region – the Blue Pacific, the most powerful strategic weapon that the US has in its armoury is its weapon for promoting development.    

Engaging US Businesses   

The Pacific will do well to position itself on the front seat for growing US businesses in the Pacific. It will need to do so creatively.

The real potential for the Pacific will be in the newer sectors of the global economy. Fiji has led the way in slowly building up its engagement with Google for example. This has taken time. This requires patience.

Pacific – from the Marshall Islands to PNG to Samoa, can be a natural home for a range of  US start ups in the climate space. Pacific can be the home for newer sectors in the Blue Economy – especially in areas such as marine genetics and biotechnology. It can be the home for US start up to test and  build new technologies for fisheries management.

 A Trump White House will be hugely supportive of Pacific’s efforts to grow and expand US investments in the Pacific. This is a great opportunity. This is a great hook for a broader relationship

The axis on which the global competition between the two great superpowers of our age will play out in the Pacific will be climate change. Nothing else.

With the Silicon Valley leaders signed up in support of the Trump Presidency – these are opportunities well worth progressing. This will not be easy. There is homework that needs to be done on the Pacific side. Fiji can help the region by sharing its experiences on how to step up US engagement. It has done so more successfully than other parts of the Blue Pacific in recent years.

USA and Pacific perspectives will clash on climate change

There is no question that there will be a divergence of views on climate change. The Pacific’s concern about relentless sea level rise and extreme weather events will clash with a growing momentum in the USA for drilling into the sunset. 

USA welcomes and indeed lives off disruptions. The Pacific likes predictability and privileges stability over all else. The task for Pacific and US diplo-crats will be to frame these perspectives in ways that are mutually comprehensible.

For US, the Blue Pacific matters foremostly for its own security – security of its trade routes; security of its supplies and security of parts of US geography that are located in the Blue Pacific – from Guam to American Samoa.

For the Pacific, the continued frustration with getting the World closer to 1.5 Celcius temperature increase means that the impacts of climate change will be felt through heightened insecurity – food insecurity, health insecurity, economic insecurity and ultimately societal insecurity. 

Climate change will create unstable economies across the Pacific. This will eventually  impact on the US’s own security. Migration of tuna because of warming oceans is likely to mean that some commercial fishing fleets will begin to turn into narcotics running for example. The Blue Pacific is simply too vast for walls of any kind – digital or physical.

The import of narcotics into the US will take more circular shipping routes via the Blue Pacific as US tightens its own border controls. As Pacific’s political institutions weaken and possibly even begin to crumble under the weight of successive climate catastrophes, it is indeed possible that their politics will become deeply criminalized.

Ultimately therefore, the US has as much self-interest in supporting the island states of the Blue Pacific to build climate resilient societies and economies as Pacific Island states themselves do. This is the central conversation that Pacific and US leaders need to be having. They will need to start these conversations very early in the Presidency.  

US businesses can be an important part of climate solutioning in the Pacific. US Government’s development levers can be an important driver for creating stable economies across this region where the US and the Blue Pacific share sovereignties and where they have shared security and development interests. This uniqueness of the Blue Pacific is a story that needs to told a hundred times over to the Presidency; to its influencers and to a growingly inward looking US public.     

Engaging with clarity

I believe that the Pacific’s leaders are focussed on engaging with the new Trump Administration with far great clarity and focus than under Trump 1.0. The ball is in the court for now with Pacific’s leaders. They need to make a good start to that relationship. The risks of not getting on to a great start will be substantial. Its  adverse fall out will be felt over the long term.

Many advisors, influencers, businesses and individuals very close to the Trump 2.0 Administration are rooting for a hugely impactful and re-energised USA-Pacific relationship.

I extend my very best wishes to Pacific’s leaders for 2025 and pray that Pacific’s regional institutions and its leaders are guided excellently as they shape the Pacific’s approach for re-engagement with the His Excellency President Trump.

Contributing Author: Dr Satyendra Prasad – is a non-resident Senior Fellow at Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in Washington D.C. and the Climate Lead for Abt Global. He is Fiji’s former Ambassador to the UN, US and Canada. Views expressed are personal. 

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Australia needs better ways of storing renewable electricity for later. That’s where ‘flow batteries’ can help

Representative image: Renewable energy storage (Source: CANVA)

By Maria Skyllas-Kazacos

As more and more solar and wind energy enters Australia’s grid, we will need ways to store it for later.

We can store electricity in several different ways, from pumped hydroelectric systems to large lithium-ion battery systems. We can also use flow batteries. These are a lesser-known cross between a conventional battery and a fuel cell.

Flow batteries can feed energy back to the grid for up to 12 hours – much longer than lithium-ion batteries which only last four to six hours.

I was one of the inventors of one of the main types of flow battery in the 1980s. It has taken decades to bring batteries like these to commercial viability. But they are, finally, arriving in earnest.

This year, the Australian government launched a national battery strategy to expand domestic manufacturing of batteries. This A$500 million strategy will focus on the well-known lithium-ion batteries which power phones and cars. But it will also include flow batteries.

Batteries are becoming more and more important. They can now power cars, houses and even cities. Huge amounts are being spent on commercialising new battery chemistries to electrify transport and make it possible to green the power grid.

To date, most of Australia’s grid-scale batteries use chemistries such as lithium-ion. But as our grid shifts to renewables, we’ll need longer duration storage to eliminate the need for fossil fuel backup generators. That’s a task well suited to flow batteries.

What makes flow batteries different?

Conventional batteries such as lithium-ion batteries store power in their electrodes, commonly a metal.

Flow batteries store power in their liquid electrolytes. Electrolyte solutions are stored in external tanks and pumped through a reactor where chemical reactions take place at inert electrodes to produce energy.

Flow batteries can be altered to suit requirements of a task. You can change how much power you generate (in kilowatts) and how much storage (in kilowatt-hours). If you want more storage, you increase the volume of electrolytes in the tanks.

As you increase storage capacity, the cost per kWh of stored energy decreases dramatically. This is because you only have to add more liquid electrolytes rather than adding entirely new battery packs, as in conventional batteries.

This means flow batteries are currently the cheapest way to store electricity for longer durations (over 8 hours). Unlike lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries can run for tens of thousands of cycles and the electrolyte can last much longer – or even indefinitely. One downside is their weight – these batteries are very heavy and are not portable.

To date, zinc bromine and vanadium redox batteries have undergone the most testing and commercial implementation.

Vanadium flow

In the mid-1980s, my colleagues and I pioneered vanadium redox flow batteries at the University of New South Wales. Vanadium is an unusual metal. It can exist in different states of oxidation in the same solution. That means you can run a battery using just one element, instead of two, as in other chemistries. Doing so lets you avoid cross-contamination and gives the electrolyte solution an indefinite life.

After decades of development, vanadium flow batteries are now being commercially produced by companies in Japan, China and Europe, with several gigawatt hours worth of capacity now installed globally.

China, the world’s largest vanadium producer, has recently approved many large new vanadium flow battery projects. In December, the world’s largest came online in Dalian, China, with 175MW capacity and 700 mWH of storage.

vanadium flow battery grid
The world’s largest vanadium flow battery has come online in China. Rongke Power, CC BY-NC-ND

Australia’s first megawatt-scale vanadium flow battery was installed in South Australia in 2023. The project uses grid scale battery storage to store power from a solar farm.

The main challenge to commercialisation has been securing vanadium, which has fluctuated wildly in price and supply due to competing demand from the steel industry.

This is likely to change. Government investment in critical minerals has fast-tracked several new vanadium mines and processing plants. Australia could become a major global vanadium producer in the future. In 2023, Townsville became home to Australia’s first factory producing vanadium electrolyte.

Iron and zinc

Flow batteries can be built from many different chemistries. Two other promising chemistries are iron-iron and zinc bromide.

Iron flow batteries have been under development in the United States since 2011. These cells use iron, salt and water, avoiding the need for vanadium.

In Australia, Queensland-based company ESI Asia Pacific is planning to develop their own iron flow batteries at a new factory in Maryborough once construction is complete in 2026.

While iron is plentiful and cheap, these batteries rely on high purity iron chloride to reduce iron corrosion. This may mean electrolytes cost significantly more than expected. Field testing data is limited to date.

Zinc bromine batteries use a solution of zinc, a metal, and bromine, an element extracted from salt water. The chemistry means each cell has a higher electricity output than other flow batteries, but it comes with a challenge – finding ways to stop the growth of tree-like dendrites inside the cell, which can disrupt energy production or trigger short-circuits.

Battery-powered future?

Creating a larger Australian battery industry will take time and funding. But the demand for batteries will skyrocket globally in coming years, across the electricity and transport sectors.

As we work to electrify road transport, we will see demand for electricity increase as well as demand for the lithium-ion batteries now ubiquitous in electric vehicles.

As a major producer of lithium, Australia could also manufacture lithium batteries too, for domestic use or export. To compete globally, we would need to embrace automation.

Despite different chemistries, flow batteries share many common components which could be made locally and boost energy self-sufficiency. Flow batteries have long required time consuming and expensive manual assembly. But it’s now possible to automate assembly lines, which will cut costs and make Australian-made batteries better able to compete. My colleagues and I are working on this challenge at present.

Within a decade, Australia could become a globally competitive battery maker and exporter of critical minerals. Doing so would help the shift to clean energy, both domestically and around the world.

Maria Skyllas-Kazacos, Professor Emeritus, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Hindu temple fire devastates Melbourne Indian community

Image: Fire at Guruji Mandir on Sayers Road, Hoppers Crossing (Source: Whyndham TV - YouTube screenshot)

A fire at the Guruji Mandir on Sayers Road, Hoppers Crossing, early this morning caused extensive damage to both the main building and a new section under construction.

Wyndham TV reported that Fire Rescue Victoria (FRV) crews responded to multiple calls at 12:55 am and arrived on the scene within four minutes to find flames and smoke pouring from the roof of the single-storey structure.

Image: Fire at Guruji Mandir on Sayers Road, Hoppers Crossing (Source: Whyndham TV – YouTube screenshot)

Firefighters had to cut through a locked security gate to access the property before launching an external attack to contain the blaze and protect nearby properties. The fire was brought under control at 1:54 am, but crews remained on-site overnight to extinguish hotspots.

As per reports Ambulance Victoria and Victoria Police also assisted, while thick smoke prompted an advisory urging nearby residents to close windows and doors. Sayers Road was temporarily closed between Seasons Boulevard and Thomas Carr Drive during the incident.

FRV investigators have confirmed that the fire was caused by an electrical mishap, with no foul play involved, as stated in a Facebook post by Guruji Mandir.

Image: Fire at Guruji Mandir on Sayers Road, Hoppers Crossing 9Source: Whyndham TV – website)

In a statement on Facebook, Guruji Mandir addressed the community’s concerns: “We understand that many of you are feeling curious and distressed about recent events, and we want to keep you informed with regular updates to prevent the spread of rumours.”

“Let us accept this situation as part of Guruji’s divine plan. Our human minds may struggle to understand why this happened, but we can take solace in knowing that our bhole nath embraces all of us. Let’s come together in support and care for one another during this time.”

The fire has left the local community in shock, particularly given the destruction of the temple’s new addition.

Image: Guruji Mandir (Source: Facebook)

Guruji Mandir has long been a cherished space for spiritual reflection and community unity. Known for its welcoming atmosphere and transformative energy, the temple has brought comfort to countless visitors.

Guruji Mandir Melbourne Hoppers Crossing Closed until further notice. While the loss is deeply felt, devotees are finding solace in their faith and supporting one another through this difficult time.

Image: Guruji Mandir statement (Source: Facebook)

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Indian Consul General displays Australian cricket poster after Boxing Day Test bet loss to Melbourne Lord Mayor

Image: Lord Mayor of Melbourne Nicholas Reece joined Consul General Dr Sushil Kumar at the Consulate to congratulate the Australian Men’s Cricket Team for winning the Boxing Day Test (Source: Facebook - CGI Melbourne)

A friendly cricket rivalry between India and Australia extended beyond the pitch when Indian Consul General Dr. Sushil Kumar and Melbourne Lord Mayor Nick Reece placed a wager on the outcome of the Boxing Day Test match.

Image: Lord Mayor of Melbourne Nicholas Reece joined Consul General Dr Sushil Kumar at the Boxing Day Test (Source: Facebook – CGI Melbourne)

The terms of the bet? If Australia triumphed, Dr. Kumar agreed to display an Australian cricket team poster prominently at the Indian Consulate in Melbourne.

Following Australia’s victory, the Consul General, true to his word, proudly showcased the poster at the Consulate, much to the delight of Lord Mayor Reece and cricket fans alike.

In a lighthearted celebration of Australia’s win, Lord Mayor Reece shared the moment on social media, praising Dr. Kumar’s sportsmanship and highlighting the record-breaking crowds at this year’s series. “The growing friendship and cricket rivalry between our nations were on full display,” Reece said. He also commended Dr. Kumar for his outstanding contribution to strengthening ties between Melbourne and India.

Image: Lord Mayor of Melbourne Nicholas Reece joined Consul General Dr Sushil Kumar at the Consulate to congratulate the Australian Men’s Cricket Team for winning the Boxing Day Test (Source: Facebook – CGI Melbourne)

The wager and its outcome have further emphasized the deepening bonds between the two nations, where cricket serves as a bridge of cultural exchange and camaraderie.

This year’s Boxing Day Test, held at the iconic Melbourne Cricket Ground, drew massive audiences, reinforcing the shared love of cricket between India and Australia. As Lord Mayor Reece aptly noted, the relationship between Melbourne and India “has never been better.”

Image: Lord Mayor of Melbourne Nicholas Reece joined Consul General Dr Sushil Kumar at the Boxing Day Test (Source: Facebook – CGI Melbourne)

For cricket enthusiasts and diplomatic circles alike, this friendly bet has added a memorable chapter to the evolving story of India-Australia relations.

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Fiji urges travel caution as measles cases rise in Australia and New Zealand

Representative image: Measles (Source: CANVA)

Fiji’s Ministry of Health is on high alert as measles outbreaks in Australia and New Zealand spark concerns for travellers and returning residents.

Deputy Prime Minister Professor Biman Prasad took to social media platform X, urging the public to take precautions, stating, “The Ministry of Health is monitoring measles cases in Australia and New Zealand. Travellers should take precautions and seek medical help if symptoms appear.”

Measles cases have surged globally in recent months, with outbreaks reported in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. In Australia, cases have risen in several states, with Victoria identifying 16 cases among residents this year. Queensland authorities recently issued a public health alert after two cases in returning travellers, urging clinicians to remain vigilant for symptoms and ensure timely isolation and notification of suspected cases.

While Australia was declared measles-free in 2014, outbreaks continue to occur when unvaccinated travellers bring the virus into the country. The disease is so infectious that up to 90% of unvaccinated individuals exposed to it may become ill.

The Ministry is actively tracking measles through its Early Warning Alert and Response Surveillance system and the Hospital-Based Active Surveillance Acute Fever and Rash system.

Officials report that Fiji’s immunisation programme, established in 2003, has successfully provided 95.2% coverage for children, with two doses of the Measles-Rubella vaccine offered at age one and upon entering primary school.

Despite this high coverage, health authorities stress the ongoing risk of travel-related infections, particularly for those visiting regions with active outbreaks.

Travellers are advised to use protective measures such as face masks and hand sanitiser and to seek medical attention if they develop symptoms after returning.

Measles, an airborne viral disease, is highly contagious and can lead to severe complications, including pneumonia and encephalitis. Symptoms typically begin with fever, runny nose, cough, and red, sore eyes, followed by a widespread rash. Children under five, infants, pregnant women, and immunocompromised individuals are particularly vulnerable to severe outcomes.

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Albanese’s new year gift, Australian passport world’s most expensive

Image: PM Albnaese (Source: X) and Australian Passport (Source: CANVA)

Australians are now paying the highest price globally for their passports, with the cost of a 10-year adult passport rising to $412 from 1 January 2025. This follows a 3.5% indexation increase, adding to a mid-2024 hike that saw passport fees jump by $50.

The steep price puts Australia at the top of the global list for passport expenses, ahead of Mexico ($353.90), the United States ($252.72), and New Zealand ($193).

The price hike, announced by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), is attributed to the annual indexation in line with the Consumer Price Index and the production costs of Australia’s high-security R series passports. These advanced passports, praised for their technological sophistication and fraud prevention measures, ensure visa-free access to over 180 countries, including new additions like China.

However, Australians aren’t the only ones paying more. Passports from other nations also reflect hefty costs, with the Mexican 10-year passport, once the most expensive, now sitting in second place. The United States ranks third, while New Zealand comes in fourth.

Despite the significant expense, DFAT emphasised the quality and global respect afforded to the Australian passport, citing its robust security features and the prestige it holds internationally. Yet, the rising costs have drawn criticism, with Opposition Senate Leader Simon Birmingham labelling the hikes as a “backdoor tax grab.”

For those looking to expedite their passport applications, additional fees apply. A fast-track option costs $100, while a priority service will set travellers back $252, on top of the standard fee.

The new R series passports come with cutting-edge features such as UV-reactive designs, enhanced security elements, and tributes to Australia’s natural beauty. But for everyday Australians, the steep costs add another challenge to the cost-of-living pressures already being felt nationwide.

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Indian teen becomes youngest to conquer seven peaks across continents, including Australia

Image: Kaamya Karthikeyan at the peak of Mount Kosciuszko, October 2018 (Source: Facebook)

Kaamya Karthikeyan, a 17-year-old student from Navy Children School in Mumbai, has etched her name in history by becoming the youngest female in the world to scale the seven highest peaks across all seven continents.

Image: Kaamya Karthikeyan at the peak of Mount Kosciuszko, October 2018 (Source: Facebook)

This extraordinary feat includes her October 2018 ascent of Mount Kosciuszko, the highest peak in Australia, which she described as a significant milestone in her mountaineering journey.

Her 2018 expedition to climb Mount Kosciuszko was a family affair, with her mother joining as her trekking partner. Marking the occasion, she had shared on Facebook:

“Happy Onam! Australia calling!! On this auspicious day of Onam, I’m happy to announce the next endeavour of SAHAS – Mt. Kosciusko. With God’s blessings and all your good wishes, I’ll be heading to Sydney in October end with my regular trekking partner, my mother, to climb the highest peak of Australia, third of the Seven Summits for me!!”

Image: Kaamya Karthikeyan with her father Commander S. Karthikeyan at the summit of Mt. Vinson Massif – the highest peak in Antarctica, December 2024 (Source: Instagram)

Kaamya’s Seven Summits journey saw her conquer Mount Kilimanjaro (Africa), Mount Elbrus (Europe), Mount Aconcagua (South America), Mount Denali (North America), Mount Everest (Asia), Mount Kosciuszko (Australia), and culminated in her December 24, 2024, summit of Mount Vinson in Antarctica.

Accompanied by her father, Commander S. Karthikeyan of the Indian Navy, she completed the Seven Summits Challenge at 5:20 pm Chilean Standard Time.

In a congratulatory post, the Indian Navy celebrated her accomplishment, stating, “Kaamya Karthikeyan, Class XII student at @IN_NCS Mumbai, scripts history by becoming the youngest female in the world to scale the seven highest peaks across seven continents.” Her school, Navy Children School Mumbai, hailed her achievement as “a moment of immense pride.”

Kaamya’s mountaineering aspirations began at the age of seven during her first trek in Uttarakhand and intensified when she scaled Mount Everest at just 16.

Reflecting on her remarkable achievement, Kaamya said ina post on Instagram, “The last seven years since we set out on Mission SAHAS have been full of hard work, sacrifices, countless hours of training and even more time spent dreaming, learning and preparing. But they’ve also been full of wonderful experiences, a lot of travel, beautiful views and getting to know the most amazing people.” She added:

“With the summit on Mt. Vinson, I’ve completed a major milestone of Mission SAHAS – The 7Summits Challenge! But there’s a lot more to do and learn in the future! This was just the trailer and I can’t wait for all that’s yet to come!”

Image: Kaamya Karthikeyan (Source: Instagram)

Having achieved the Seven Summits, Kaamya now sets her sights on the Explorer’s Grand Slam, which involves reaching both the North and South Poles.

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Victoria’s mobile pill testing service wins over young festivalgoers

Representative image: Pill testing (Source: Youth Support and Advocacy Service)

Victoria’s first mobile pill testing service has made a strong debut, with data from the Beyond the Valley music festival revealing young people are eager for harm reduction advice that could save lives.

Acting Minister for Mental Health Mary-Anne Thomas announced today that the free and confidential service engaged with over 700 attendees, predominantly aged in their late teens and early twenties, and tested more than 600 drug samples. MDMA, ketamine, and cocaine were among the most common substances analysed.

“These preliminary insights have highlighted that a simple drug check can lead to meaningful conversations about health and wellbeing – a crucial step in our harm reduction strategy.”

Preliminary data highlights the service’s positive impact, with nearly 40 per cent of patrons reporting they would take smaller amounts of their drugs after consulting with healthcare workers. For many, these discussions were their first-ever open and judgement-free conversations about drug and alcohol safety with a professional.

The service played a vital role in identifying potential risks, particularly for individuals with pre-existing medical or mental health conditions. Some were unaware of how recreational drugs might interact with their health or prescription medications, including antidepressants.

One patron, newly prescribed antidepressants, decided against using MDMA after a discussion with health workers about potential side effects and risks. On multiple occasions, festivalgoers re-evaluated their decisions after learning the possible consequences of drug use.

Sarah Hiley, Drug Checking Director for The Loop Australia, said,

“The response has exceeded our expectations. Our team of chemists, healthcare workers, and harm reduction specialists engaged hundreds of young people in meaningful conversations about safety.”

Run by The Loop Australia and Harm Reduction Victoria in partnership with Youth Support and Advocacy Service (YSAS), the service tested up to 200 samples daily, making it the most efficient pill testing initiative in the country.

Pete Sofo, Director of Festivals and Major Events for Untitled Group, said,

“This trial has been an invaluable resource for festivalgoers. We’re proud to collaborate with the Victorian Government and other partners to prioritise the health and safety of our attendees.”

The trial is part of the Allan Labor Government’s $95 million Statewide Action Plan aimed at reducing drug harm and saving lives. With its promising start, Victoria’s mobile pill testing service is already proving its worth in reducing harm and fostering informed choices among young people.

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Failed meth smuggling plot lands Chinese teen trafficker in jail

Image: AFP charges juvenile in WA over attempted meth import (Source: AFP)

A 17-year-old Chinese national has been sentenced to six years and seven months in prison after his involvement in a botched attempt to smuggle 5.4kg of methamphetamine into Australia and traffic it in Western Australia.

The Perth Children’s Court handed down the sentence on 11 December 2024, setting a non-parole period of three years and one month.

The juvenile’s crimes came to light following a collaborative investigation between Australian Federal Police (AFP), Australian Border Force (ABF), and Hong Kong authorities.

The operation began in June 2024 when ABF officers in Sydney intercepted a shipment from Hong Kong containing 6kg of cocaine. Intelligence shared by the ABF and AFP with Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department (HKCE) led to the seizure of packages containing 5.42kg of methamphetamine hidden inside stone statue pedestals.

Image: AFP charges juvenile in WA over attempted meth import (Source: AFP)

These packages were addressed to an East Perth apartment where the juvenile resided. A subsequent AFP search on 25 June 2024 uncovered evidence of drug trafficking, including more than 850 grams of methamphetamine stored in a fridge, drug distribution tools, and packaging materials.

The teen, who arrived in Australia in March 2024, pleaded guilty on 7 November 2024 to two charges: attempting to import a commercial quantity of a border-controlled drug and trafficking in a marketable quantity of methamphetamine. His sentence was backdated to his arrest in June.

Detective Acting Inspector Tom Blakeley of the AFP highlighted the importance of international cooperation in combating drug syndicates. “Drug trafficking syndicates cause harm in every country they operate,” he said.

“The seizure of 5.4kg of methamphetamine in Hong Kong and another 850 grams here prevented about 62,500 street deals in WA.”

Image: AFP charges juvenile in WA over attempted meth import (Source: AFP)

ABF Acting Superintendent John Sweet echoed the sentiment, stressing the need for cross-border collaboration to disrupt syndicates targeting Australia’s lucrative drug market.

A HKCE spokesperson urged the public to avoid involvement in drug trafficking, warning against carrying unknown items for others or accepting suspicious work offers.

The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare reported that 27 Australians were hospitalised daily in 2021–22 due to methamphetamine-related issues, underscoring the significant harm caused by the illicit drug trade.

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Genius or charlatan? Meet the man who was a missionary doctor in India and sparked controversy in colonial Australia

Image: Burra Mine Site Grassland (Source: National Trust - website)

By Alexandra Ludewig

About 20 minutes’ drive north of Geraldton, on Australia’s west coast, lies a hill named Mount Sommer. The little peak is one of the few relics left behind by the enigmatic nineteenth-century polymath Dr Ferdinand von Sommer, Western Australia’s first government geologist.

In the span of four years, von Sommer made a few friends, several enemies and a handful of surprisingly excellent maps of parts of Western Australia. His origins, life and career have been rather shrouded in mystery – in no small part because of the flood of disparaging invective about him published in local newspapers of the day.

So who was Ferdinand von Sommer? I traced his story through archival records in Europe, Africa and Asia. In the process of documenting von Sommer’s life and activities, I uncovered a multi-talented, self-assured and audacious individual whose talents and achievements have been largely forgotten.

The Burra Burra Mine, 1847. Samuel Thomas Gill / State Library of NSW

Mathematics, medicine and minerals

Born in the Netherlands circa 1800, von Sommer studied mathematics at the University of Göttingen under the famous Carl Friedrich Gauss. After graduating in 1822, he claimed to have solved some complex problems in mathematics, but Gauss and others found his results confusing and unsatisfactory.

After serving in the Dutch navy and making a living as a writer and journalist, von Sommer worked as a university lecturer in Berlin. In 1838, he trained as a doctor and set out for India as a missionary before spending a year in Cape Town as a doctor.

Back in London in 1841, von Sommer reappeared as a “Prussian naturalist” named Frederic de Sommer. His efforts to sell an apparently sizeable art collection made news in several European papers.

It was at this time that von Sommer became interested in mineralogy and metallurgy. In 1842, he returned to Berlin to lecture in nautical science and the art of mine surveying. He also published several works of fiction, poetry, autobiography and philosophy in this period.

In late 1844 he set out for New Zealand, where he stayed briefly before heading on to South Australia, arriving in Adelaide in September 1845.

Copper and libel in Adelaide

Von Sommer arrived during Australia’s first mineral boom: the “Burra Copper Boom” (1845–51). The fast-growing Burra Burra copper mine in the Clare Valley, 100km north of Adelaide, attracted thousands.

An eyewitness later recalled von Sommer’s arrival:

dignified by a moustache and distinguished by a palpable want of familiarity with the English language, in virtue of which qualifications he was duly installed as assayer, smelter, and superintendent at the Burra Mine.

Von Sommer was a vocal critic of local mining practices, and made few friends. After only a few months he was dismissed as “too costly to retain”.

Von Sommer remained in South Australia, working as a doctor. However, he was widely derided in the local papers.

One described him as “a German, who had been occasionally mixed up in mining speculations, but lately had not followed any fixed calling”. The criticism reached such a pitch that von Sommer even (successfully) sued John Stephens, the editor and proprietor of the South Australian Register, for libel.

Surveying and ‘backbiting’ in Western Australia

Next stop for von Sommer was Perth, working for the Western Australian Mining Company.

Here he received a more welcoming reception, described as “a mineralogist of eminence” who would help the colony’s attempt at “sharing in the mineral wealth of Australia”.

Hand drawn map of part of Western Australia.
One of Ferdinand von Sommer’s maps, showing a part of Western Australia situated between Perth and the estuary of the Hutt. Colonial Secretary’s Office

After six months surveying in Western Australia (during which he once again vocally criticised local mining methods, proposing instead a “proper and practical way of mining”), von Sommer was appointed the first government geologist.

Throughout 1847 he travelled around Western Australia, sending several geological survey reports back to Perth.

During this time von Sommer suffered more of what he called “rather stupid backbitings” in local newspapers. One described him as “a mere charlatan”.

When von Sommer finally had enough, shipping out to what is now Jakarta in August 1848, one paper reported that

Dr von Sommer had quitted Western Australia for Batavia after some queer doings in the way of pretended mineral research and discovery.

Now employed by the Dutch government, von Sommer set out to search for copper deposits on Timor and the surrounding islands. Here, after an unknown illness, he died in 1849.

Parts of von Sommer’s Australian legacy are now found in London. He sent several letters to the Geological Society of London, including maps, and a paper tracing a coal field near the head of the Irwin River, as well as several specimens of rocks and shells.

Postscript

I found a strange postscript to von Sommer’s story. In the late 1850s, German-language newspapers reported with great interest the adventures of a man impersonating Ferdinand von Sommer (perhaps his youngest son, born in the early 1840s, who would have had no personal memory of his father).

Police reported “an alleged Doctor of Philosophy, Franz Wilhelm Ferdinand von Sommer, who was unable to prove that he had lawfully obtained the title of Doctor, just as he was unable to prove that he was entitled to hold the title of nobleman”.

He had “swindled a considerable sum of money from his benefactress, the convent mistress of Renoault [and] squandered this money at the Schandau baths and other places of amusement” in the company of a 17-year-old girl with whom he had co-habited in the spa town.

The impostor was “sentenced to three years in prison and a fine of 500 thalers”, but managed to escape when he “was granted leave of absence from prison for some time due to illness […]. Now he has been arrested in Frankfurt am Main after committing new frauds there”.

And with that the name of Ferdinand von Sommer fades from the historical record, waiting to be rediscovered.

Alexandra Ludewig, Professor and Head of the School of Humanities, The University of Western Australia

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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India’s 50-year-old triathlete Smithaa Kajaale completes gruelling Ironman Western Australia

Image: Smithaa at Ironman Western Australia (Source: Smithaa Kajaale - Instagram)

In 2019, a civil engineer from Thane, Maharashtra, defied age and adversity to become a triathlon champion. Now, Smithaa Kajaale celebrated her 50th birthday by completing the gruelling Ironman Western Australia triathlon in Busselton, marking another remarkable milestone in her inspiring journey.

The Ironman Western Australia event took place on Sunday, 1 December 2024 – where competitors swim 3.8km, ride 180km on a bike, and run 42.2km in a full-distance triathlon. About 3,500 athletes signed up for the 20th anniversary of the race, including many who arrived from different countries to compete.

Known for her resilience, Smithaa’s journey from gym workouts to winning cycling events and ultimately embracing the world of triathlons is a testament to her determination.

Image: Smithaa at Ironman Western Australia (Source: Smithaa Kajaale – Supplied)

Smithaa shared in an Instagram post, “From my Olympic distance triathlon to crossing the Ironman finish line, this journey has been nothing short of incredible.”

“It wasn’t easy – juggling a hectic lifestyle with a job and home to manage, countless hours of training, sweat, discipline, and determination. But all of that led me to this moment. Pushing past every limit, I transformed not just my body, but my mindset, proving to myself that anything is possible with hard work and dedication.”

Married at 18 and a mother by 19, Smithaa’s early life was filled with responsibilities, leaving little time for fitness. She only started exercising in her 30s, initially taking up brisk walks, which eventually led her to the gym at age 40, inspired by her elder son. However, it was her younger son, Saurabh, who ignited her passion for cycling after winning a gold medal at the national time trial in 2017.

In 2019, Smithaa made the leap into triathlons, taking part in the Kolhapur Triathlon and securing 3rd place despite facing the challenge of open water swimming. That same year, she also clinched 2nd place at the Tigerman Triathlon in Nagpur, proving that her fitness journey was no passing hobby but a serious commitment.

Her path wasn’t without obstacles, though. As Smithaa entered the menopausal phase, she faced significant health challenges, including extreme fatigue and bleeding, which affected her training. Undeterred, she pushed through, even opting for an IV blood transfusion to raise her haemoglobin levels in time for the races.

Smithaa’s Ironman journey in the 50-55 age category culminated in the 2024 Ironman Western Australia event, where she swam 3.8km, biked 180km, and ran a full marathon of 42.2km in a grueling 16 hours and 39 minutes.

Video: Smithaa at Ironman Western Australia (Source: Smithaa Kajaale – Supplied)

Smithaa’s victory was not just personal; it symbolised a triumph over life’s obstacles, a nod to her journey from a time-starved mother to an international triathlon finisher. Now, as a proud ‘Ironman,’ Smithaa plans to continue competing and training, with sights set on future races like the Ironman 70.3.

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WaPo’s Maldives exposé and deep state narratives countering India’s rise

Image: India's Prime Minister with Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, President of Maldives (Source: X)

By Om Prakash Dwivedi

In a bizarre turn of events, the Washington Post (WaPo) has raised serious charges against India, accusing it of unsettling the present Mohamed Muizzu’s regime in Maldives.

Citing a document titled ‘Democratic Renewal Initiative’, the WaPo goes on to claim that India also exercised deliberate attempts to influence the 2023 Maldivian Presidential election, while trying to help its close ally, President Ibrahim Solih, stay in power.

The report also cites the alleged involvement of India’s Resaerch and Analysis Wing (R&AW) in its failed attempt to dethrone the present President Mohamed Muizzu. It exaggerates, without providing any substantial evidence, “Maldivian opposition politicians proposed bribing 40 members of parliament, including those from Muizzu’s own party, to vote to impeach him. The document also proposed paying 10 senior army and police officers and three powerful criminal gangs to ensure Muizzu’s removal. To pay off the various parties, the conspirators sought 87 million Maldivian rufiyaa, or $6 million.”

What the WaPo provides as evidence qualifies as irony. Citing its interaction with Hormis Tharakan, a former R&AW chief, who has earlier worked on Maldives-related issues, but did not have any clue of such developments, pointing out that “Maintaining a secure and stable relationship with its closest neighbours, like the Maldives, is essential for India.” It is not rocket science to witness any R&AW chief working to normalize and advance India’s foreign strategies and policymaking and taking preventive measures to mitigate terror activities, so this interaction needs to be seen as a quotidian affair, rather than a disrupting activity.

A case in point that WaPo should have considered is the U.S. Government’s ‘Democratic Renewal’ initiative. Launched by President Biden during the December 2021 Summit for Democracy, the Presidential Initiative for Democratic Renewal (PIDR) represents a significant effort to strengthen democracy and uphold human rights globally. This initiative aims to enhance U.S. engagement by bolstering democratic resilience in collaboration with both governmental and non-governmental allies.

Additionally, how can one ignore the deluge of recent reports that emphasize the fact that the region is slowly turning into an ISIS hideout? The arrest of Mohammad Shahnawaz and his two accomplices by the Delhi Special Cell in September 2023 also revealed the role of a Maldivian woman in promoting terrorist activities. Similarly, the Organiser also reinforces,

“The Maldives is not only a hub of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) operatives but also of Pakistan-based terror group Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT).”

In fact, the United States has continued to expand its ongoing initiatives to counter violent extremism in Maldives. The suspicion that some Maldivian nationals are promoting ISIS ideology and inciting terrorism underscores the U.S.’s focus on collaborating with local leaders to combat “violent extremism and terrorism.”

Further, ever since Muizzu became the President, it is no hidden fact, to WaPo too, that Maldives has shown more inclination toward China. China has also grabbed this opportunity by lending out huge monetary advances as loans.

A 2024 report suggests that Maldives has borrowed almost US$ 1.4 billion from China. Muizzu’s campaign on an ‘India out’ explains the Chinese generosity toward the Maldives. Cognizant of the geographical vitality of Maldives, the US cannot afford to ignore the influence of both India and China in this region. It needs to be pointed out that the Maldives happens to be the busiest maritime trade passage in the Indian Ocean. It is no wonder that China manages to import 80 percent of its oil through this passage, given the region’s proximity to the Persian Gulf.  Further, ‘An undisclosed Chinese firm acquired a tiny islet named Feydhoo Finolhu on a 50-year lease for $4 million. The islet is strategically positioned near the International Airport at Malé,’ thus rendering more authority to China.

Despite this, Muizzu has recently reached out to India seeking financial support from PM Modi, and he immediately received a $800 million line of credit from Delhi. Given the continuing reliance of Maldives on India, it can be argued that the US does not want a situation where India also gains supremacy in the region.

In his most recent article in the Firstpost, Utpal Kumar provides an insightful answer to the perplexed question, ‘why the US deep state would try to corner India. The answer may lie with India’s inner dynamics and its ties with China. The US-led West puts India in the “friends with benefits” category. It will be friendly but will have too many differences to be an ally. It wants to co-opt India to downsize China, but is equally wary of rising India.’ The US, thus, works both ways: It helps India grow and yet works towards cutting it to size as well.’

Of course, WaPo’s moral policing is far from anything new. In its perpetual quest to impede India’s growing influence in the region, it has repeatedly structured and saturated such exposés, which lack even a modicum of reality and evade the democratic principles, that the WaPo selectively espouses. How can one turn a blind eye to its recent coverage, ‘An assassination plot on American soil reveals a darker side of Modi’s India’accusing India of the attempted assassination of United States citizen and Sikh activist Gurpatwant Singh Pannun on American soil.’

Dr Amit Sarwal, a renowned Indian diaspora author, offers a lucid account of the universal colour-blindness that drives the US deep state media houses, “While homegrown, army-trained American Islamist terrorists target innocent civilians, it seems that US legacy media is waging a war on India by spreading misinformation, likely orchestrated by the deep state, with the aim of destabilising Asia in its broader strategy to counter China and India.”

No doubt, Mohamed Nasheed, the chief of the Maldivian Democratic Party and the country’s largest opposition party, dismissed this report on his twitter account, “I read with interest today’s article. I was unaware of any serious plot against the President; thou some ppl always live in conspiracy. India would never back such a move, as they always support Maldives’ democracy. India has never dictated terms to us, either.”

Such unverified media narratives reek of xenophobic and racist turpitude, constructed around a shared project of ideological expansion and geographical supremacy. Of course, it needs to be understood that such a debasing hierarchy of races is in a constant need of populist narratives and demagoguery, such as the one being discussed in this column.

The promise of liberty, progress, and equality can only be maintained by pulverizing other regions and zones, and the Western media is a role model in doing this. One needs to remember that much of the colonial enterprise was emboldened and perpetuated through such narratives. In other words, such exposé can be seen as a manifestation of that deep desire to declare India as a morally corrupt and undemocratic country, which only exposes the Janus-faced nature of the populist media.

The rising economy of India has certainly created troubled waters for the populist demagogues, who have now indulged in press-ganging of India. The infectious nature of populism is not only selective but also unidirectional. These dangerous narratives act as gatekeeping exercises, which only ensure that the self-deterministic exercises of nations like India need the approval of the white media houses. But this is a different India and times have changed.

“The old order changeth, yielding place to new, and God fulfils Himself in many ways, lest one good custom should corrupt the world.”

The above lines from Tennyson sum up the amoral morality of the illiberal liberals, hell-bent as they are upon questioning and negating India’s rise in the Asia Pacific region. As such, we are witness to a cyclic performance of populist narratives that tend to tarnish India’s global image. On a positive note, these reports add to India’s growing stature in the Asia-Pacific region.

Contributing Author: Prof. Om Prakash Dwivedi (@omdwivedi82) is a literary critic and columnist.

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Explosion outside Trump’s Las Vegas hotel sparks terrorism investigation

Image: Tesla Cybertruck explosion outside the Trump International Hotel in Las Vegas (Source: X)

An explosion outside the Trump International Hotel in Las Vegas on Wednesday morning has triggered an investigation into potential terrorism links.

President Joe Biden has been briefed on the fire and explosion near the Trump International Hotel Las Vegas and has directed his team to offer any federal assistance needed, the White House said.

A rented Tesla Cybertruck packed with fireworks, gasoline canisters, and camp fuel erupted outside the iconic hotel, leaving one person dead and seven others injured.

The explosion, which occurred in the valet area of the hotel, sent shockwaves through the Las Vegas Strip, and authorities are now piecing together the incident’s details.

Sheriff Kevin McMahill of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department confirmed that the driver of the truck was killed, with nearby bystanders suffering minor injuries.

While police initially viewed the explosion as isolated, investigators are leaving no stone unturned as they explore possible connections to another deadly attack in New Orleans earlier that day.

The Cybertruck had been rented in Colorado through the Turo car-sharing platform, and license plate readers tracked its arrival in Las Vegas that morning.

Investigators were able to track its route using footage from Tesla charging stations, provided by CEO Elon Musk, who also assisted by unlocking the vehicle after it auto-locked in the blast. Video played during a press conference revealed the truck’s cargo: fireworks-style mortars, gasoline, and camping fuel canisters.

Musk took to social media shortly after the explosion to share his initial findings, confirming that the incident was unrelated to the Cybertruck itself, instead attributing it to the fireworks and/or bomb-like devices in the vehicle’s bed. “We’ve never seen anything like this,” Musk said on X, his social media platform. He later speculated that the explosion “appears likely to be an act of terrorism,” drawing a potential link to the New Orleans attack, in which a driver rammed a truck into a crowd, killing 15 people.

While law enforcement has yet to confirm any direct connection between the two incidents, the FBI, ATF, and other federal agencies are investigating every lead.

Turo, the car-sharing service, has offered its full cooperation with the ongoing probe and assured the public that the renter did not have any prior criminal history that would have flagged them as a security risk.

Elon Musk, a close ally of president-elect Donald Trump, also publicly acknowledged the gravity of the situation, remarking on the security implications due to the Trump Hotel’s association. “Obviously, a Cybertruck, the Trump Hotel, there’s lots of questions that we have to answer,” said Sheriff McMahill, hinting at the possibility of a political motive.

As investigations continue, police are assuring the public that there is no ongoing threat to the community. However, questions remain about the motives behind the explosion and its possible links to the terror attack in New Orleans, with both incidents involving rented vehicles from the same platform.

In the wake of the Las Vegas explosion, Trump’s son Eric Trump took to social media to reassure the public about the safety of guests at the hotel, stating that “the safety and well-being of our guests and staff remain our top priority.”

Security at the Trump International Hotels in Las Vegas and Chicago has been ramped up, and authorities are keeping a close watch on any further developments.

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Two men caught smuggling heroin in their stomachs at Perth Airport

Image: Heroine seized (Source: AFP)

Two Hungarian nationals, aged 33, have been charged with importing heroin concealed internally, following an investigation by the Australian Federal Police (AFP) and Australian Border Force (ABF) at Perth Airport.

The men arrived from overseas on Sunday, 29 December 2024, where ABF officers selected them for a routine baggage examination.

During the check, one of the men complained of stomach pain and requested medical attention. After paramedics assessed the pair, the AFP was alerted, triggering an investigation. Both men were taken to Royal Perth Hospital, where they were monitored for nearly 40 hours.

Image: Heroine seized (Source: AFP)

One man excreted 30 pellets containing heroin, weighing an estimated 300 grams, while the other expelled two pellets before passing 29 more. The total weight of heroin seized amounted to 610 grams, with a potential street value exceeding $259,000.

AFP Inspector Shona Davis warned of the extreme risks involved in smuggling drugs internally, noting that ruptured pellets could lead to fatal overdoses.

Image: Heroine seized (Source: AFP)

ABF Acting Superintendent John Sweet reiterated the commitment to detecting and preventing drug smuggling, emphasising the severe consequences for those attempting to exploit Australia’s borders for criminal activity.

The AFP will allege that the men swallowed the pellets before traveling to Australia. They have each been charged with one count of importing a marketable quantity of a border-controlled drug, facing a maximum penalty of 25 years’ imprisonment.

Both men appeared in Northbridge Magistrates Court on separate dates and have been remanded in custody.

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Why your spin bike has become a clothes rack – and what you can do about it, according to behavioural science

Representative image: Spin bike (Source: CANVA)

By Swee-Hoon Chuah and Robert Hoffmann

Chances are that the end of the year has made you assess some of your 2024 New Year’s resolutions. Perhaps you, like us, bought a home spin bike or rowing machine in January. Most likely by March, you realised you’ve used it a lot less than you planned. And very probably by June, it has disappeared under a pile of clothes.

You are not alone. A recent Gallup survey shows seven out of ten adults plan to set goals for the next year. According to statista, the most common ones are health goals (exercise and diet) followed by saving money. This is why exercise equipment sales peak in January.

But research shows a quarter of us fail to stick to our New Year resolutions after just one week and more than half within six months. At the end of two years, only 20% succeed.

So why do we keep making resolutions – often accompanied by considerable expense – even though we keep breaking them, and what can we do to persevere? How can you redeem your spin bike? Recent insights from behavioural science hold some answers.

Why we try, and why we fail

You bought a spin bike because you are human.

Other animals do not exercise. Many of them are goal-oriented (they chase or flee), but only humans have the ability to pursue self-improvement to better achieve goals in the future. Exercise is an example of this.

Psychologist Abraham Maslow famously put self-actualisation – fulfilling your potential – at the top of the hierarchy of human needs. You want to be the fittest version of yourself you can be. It’s only natural.

The problem is that regular exercise involves willpower and discipline beyond most of us. Especially when faced with the choice between comfy couch and spin bike. Your ambition may be willing, but your flesh is weak. Exercise feels hard.

This is because our brains evolved in the Stone Age when it made survival sense to loaf about whenever the opportunity arose. With limited food, our ancestors needed to conserve energy for the next chase or flight.

This is true for other vices too, such as binge eating or gorging on sugary foods. But these things are often counterproductive in the modern world where we consume a lot more energy than we normally expend.

Self-regulation

But your bike is also a beacon of hope. Even though our psychology is often at odds with modernity, we have a trump card: the ability to self-regulate. At our best, we can override daily temptations and move towards longer-term goals.

Psychological research has identified two key ingredients to this (in addition to setting goals): monitoring your behaviour for any breaches, and correcting them whenever detected.

You’ve scored two out of three so far: you made the commitment to the bike and you noticed you failed to live up to it. Now it’s time to work on the correction.

Nudge yourself

Zen masters turn weakness into strength. You too can use the human psychological failings from our evolution to your advantage. This is known as self-nudging: changing your own choices to make your best decisions more likely.

An example is the “sunk cost fallacy”, our tendency to base decisions on irrecoverable past expenses.

Here is where the spin bike makes sense: having incurred the expense, you might have a greater motivation to go on your own new bike than to go to the gym. Membership can easily be cancelled, but the bike has been bought.

You could also go wholesale and use the very tools governmental Behavioural Insights Units use, on yourself. For example, policymakers use the EAST framework to make our desired behaviours easy, attractive, social and timely for us.

The spin bike at home is easy to use compared with changing into your fanciest lululemons, packing your gear, driving to the gym and parking your car.

It is also timely. You can use the home spin bike whenever it suits you without needing to queue for lockers, equipment and showers.

Why not make it attractive too? Many home exercisers use a spoonful of sugar to help the medicine go down. In our house, the spin bike is permanently parked in front of the widescreen TV. Behavioural scientists call this temptation bundling.

You can also make your spin bike experience social. This is the Peloton phenomenon: instructors, leader boards and interactions with the exercise community.

Turn over a new leaf

So should you try again in 2025? Yes.

The new year is a natural opportunity for self-improvement due to the fresh start effect. Psychologist found events that mark the passage of time (birthdays, holidays, new years) allow people to mentally consign their failures to the past and start again with a clean slate. It’s an uncanny tactic and it works.

The lesson is that the end of the year provides a great opportunity to ring in much-needed changes. But that’s not enough. You also need some simple strategies to help you stick to them.

Swee-Hoon Chuah, Professor of Behavioural Economics, Tasmanian Behavioural Lab, University of Tasmania and Robert Hoffmann, Professor of Economics, Tasmanian Behavioural Lab, University of Tasmania

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Indian-Australian Mitu Bhowmick Lange AM Joins Premier’s Business Council to Shape Victoria’s Economic Future

Mitu Bhowmick Lange AM with Primier Jacinta Allan; Image Source: Mind Blowing Films
Mitu Bhowmick Lange AM with Primier Jacinta Allan; Image Source: Mind Blowing Films

The Victorian Government has announced the establishment of the Premier’s Business Council as an initiative to bolster Victoria’s economic growth and innovation.

Indian-Australian entrepreneur and cultural leader Mitu Bhowmick Lange AM, Founder and Director of Mind Blowing Films, has been named among the distinguished members of the Council. Her inclusion highlights the growing recognition of the Indian-Australian community’s contributions to the state’s business and cultural landscape.

Premier Jacinta Allan unveiled the Premier’s Business Council as a forum to foster direct engagement between government and business leaders.

Speaking on the initiative, Premier Allan said,

“I want to embed a true partnership with business at the centre of Government – ensuring that when we make decisions, we’re making them with economic growth and investment as the foundation.”

The Council, chaired by Ahmed Fahour AO, will comprise representatives from various sectors including finance, education, manufacturing, the arts, and media. Members will collaborate with the government to strengthen Victoria’s economy, address real-time challenges, and explore innovative policy solutions.

 These members are:

  • Andrew Dillon, CEO of the AFL
  • Andrew Irvine, CEO of National Australia Bank 
  • Anthony Pratt, Chairman of Visy
  • Bihong Wang, President of the Asian Business Association of Whitehorse Inc. 
  • Carol Schwartz AO, Chair of Equity Trustees and Our Community, Director of Trawalla Group, Member of Board of the Reserve Bank of Australia
  • Carolyn Viney, CEO of Assemble 
  • Elizabeth Lewis-Gray, Co-Founder and Chair of Gekko Systems 
  • Lisa Barron OAM, Founder of Lisa Barron, Melbourne Made Womenswear Designer 
  • Mark Mentha, Co-Founder and Partner at KordaMentha
  • Mike Schneider, CEO of Bunnings
  • Mitu Bhowmick Lange AM, Founder and Director of Mind Blowing Films
  • Nick Reece, Lord Mayor of the City of Melbourne
  • Penny Fowler, Chair of Royal Botanical Gardens, Tourism Australia and the Good Friday Appeal 
  • Professor Sharon Pickering, Vice-Chancellor and President at Monash University

Mitu Bhowmick Lange AM, a trailblazer in film distribution and cultural exchange, is celebrated for her role in promoting Indian cinema and fostering cross-cultural understanding through her Melbourne-based company, Mind Blowing Films. Under her leadership, the company has brought Indian films to Australian audiences, bridging gaps and celebrating diversity.

Indian Film Festival Melbourne event at Parliament House, Canberra. 13/8/24 Photograph by Bradley Cummings.

In addition to her business achievements, Lange has been a driving force behind the Indian Film Festival of Melbourne (IFFM), one of the largest Indian film festivals outside India. Her efforts have not only amplified India’s cultural footprint in Australia but have also positioned Victoria as a hub for multicultural engagement.

Expressing her excitement about joining the Council, Lange stated, “I am very honoured and delighted to be working with the Premier and some of Australia’s most incredible business leaders in the Premier’s Business Council.”

“Victoria is truly a state of innovation and ambition, and I am excited to be a part of it,”

She added

The Premier’s Business Council aims to:

  • Provide insights into opportunities and barriers facing businesses.
  • Ensure government policies are effective and responsive.
  • Explore ways businesses can contribute to broader societal objectives.
  • Communicate the government’s economic agenda to the business community.

Ahmed Fahour AO, Chair of the Council, emphasised the importance of collaboration, saying,

“This is an important step towards strengthening the economic prosperity of Victoria. The opportunity to bring business and government together will encourage meaningful exchanges and help Victoria rise as the fastest-growing state.”

Lange’s inclusion in the Council reflects the Victorian Government’s commitment to recognizing and leveraging the diverse contributions of its multicultural communities. Her unique perspective, shaped by years of fostering cross-cultural collaborations, is expected to bring valuable insights into the state’s economic and creative sectors.

As the Council prepares for its inaugural meeting in the new year, the government’s vision of a resilient and inclusive Victorian economy takes another step forward. The collaborative efforts of business leaders like Lange will play a crucial role in achieving this vision, ensuring Victoria remains a beacon of innovation and growth.

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Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Host Picnic to Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children  

Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

In a display of community spirit and togetherness, the Dawoodi Bohra community in Melbourne organised a picnic to address the rising concern of excessive screen time among children and to strengthen family bonds. The event brought together children, parents and elders for a day filled with fun activities, insightful discussions and practical takeaways.

Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

The day kicked off with a focus on physical well-being. Children participated in sporting activities like cycling and cricket, fostering teamwork and healthy habits. Simultaneously, elders engaged in light mental games designed to boost their emotional and cognitive well-being. This intergenerational approach highlighted the importance of physical and mental fitness across all age groups.

Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

A highlight of the picnic was the group discussion on mobile phone addiction. Families were divided into three groups to explore the issue from various perspectives:

  • Children discussed the negative impacts of social media and inappropriate content on mental health and well-being,
  • Parents shared concerns about communication challenges without mobile devices and finding alternatives to educational apps,
  • Elders offered valuable insights into life without digital distractions and the challenges of the current digital landscape.
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

The discussion concluded with encouraging reflections from Adnan Mushtaq, a teacher at the weekend community school. He emphasised the importance of recognising the downsides of excessive screen time and embracing activities that promote joyous and quality family time.

Mustafa Poonawala, the event coordinator, presented startling statistics on selfie-related hazards, sparking thoughtful conversations.

Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

Dr. Tahera Adamjee, a general practitioner, added a medical perspective, warning about the physical and mental health implications of prolonged device usage.

She explained, We all know the negative effects of mobile usage on our mental and emotional health, but there is also a significant impact on our physical well-being.

Prolonged usage can lead to a range of issues, including neck and cervical spine problems, musculoskeletal disorders affecting the shoulders, elbows, and wrists, and eye strain.”

Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

Loss of muscle strength and balance can also occur due to a sedentary lifestyle. Furthermore, we are witnessing a concerning increase in myopia, particularly among children.” 

This global initiative of the Dawoodi Bohra community to protect children from addiction of mobile phones is also aligned with Australia’s recent policy change to ban social media use for children under 16, highlighting community commitment to these goals.

Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

Families in Melbourne, and across Australia, collectively pledged to reduce screen time, especially among teenagers and adults, and focus on increasing the quality of family interactions and outdoor activities.

“The picnic showed me that there’s so much more to life than just staring at screens,”

reflected 8-year-old Sarrah Patel.
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

“We learned about nature, played games that challenged our minds, and spent quality time together as a family. It was a truly enriching experience.”

Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  
Melbourne Dawoodi Bohras Address Concerns of Mobile Phone Addiction among Children; Image Source: Supplied  

The day concluded with a self-assessment exercise, during which children and parents evaluated their screen habits and committed to making meaningful changes. This self-reflection empowered families to take ownership of their digital well-being.

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Fiji government urges caution after Virgin Australia crew assault and theft allegations

File photo: Viliame R. Gavoka Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Tourism & Civil Aviation with EWEN mCdONALD, Australian High Commissioner to Fiji and Special Envoy for the Pacific and Regional Affairs (Source: X)

The Fiji government has issued an official statement on Facebook addressing the recent incidents involving three Virgin Australia crew members, who were allegedly victims of theft and sexual assault after visiting a nightclub in Nadi on Tuesday.

Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Tourism, Viliame R. Gavoka, expressed regret over the alleged incidents and offered the government’s thoughts and concerns for the well-being of the crew. He also urged international media to report responsibly, warning against sensationalising the situation without facts.

“Regrettably, incidents like this can happen anywhere and Fiji is not immune. We, as always, remind tourists to exercise caution in nightclub areas and late at night.”

The Fijian government acknowledged the unfortunate nature of these incidents, stating that such events can occur anywhere and reminded tourists to exercise caution in nightlife areas.

The Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation confirmed that police are investigating the incidents, which occurred in the early hours of Wednesday.

The statement clarified that the crew members, who are in good health, are not being detained, contrary to some media reports.

The three crew members are being accommodated at a local hotel, which is the designated crew accommodation for layovers. They were advised by their airline headquarters to remain in the hotel to ensure their availability for the ongoing investigation.

Virgin Australia confirmed the incident but has not disclosed specifics, stating: “Our focus is on the wellbeing of our team members affected.”

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade is aware of the reports but declined to comment further, citing privacy obligations.

The investigation into the theft and alleged sexual assault is ongoing, with police questioning a suspect related to the sexual assault.

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Albanese jokes about law to stop Bumrah, backs Konstas for Sydney decider

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese welcomed the Indian and Australian cricket teams at Kirribilli House (Source: X)

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese welcomed the Indian and Australian cricket teams at Kirribilli House ahead of the fifth and final Test of the Border-Gavaskar Trophy, beginning Friday at the Sydney Cricket Ground. The reception featured mateship, light-hearted banter, and recognition for stellar performances in the ongoing series.

Albanese heaped praise on Indian pacer Jasprit Bumrah, whose sensational run of 30 wickets in four matches has left Australian batters reeling. Bumrah also achieved a milestone, becoming the fastest Indian pacer to claim 200 Test wickets in his 44th match.

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese welcomed the Indian and Australian cricket teams at Kirribilli House (Source: X)

The Prime Minister, drawing laughter from the players, quipped:

“We could pass a law here that says he has to bowl left-handed or off one step. Every time he comes on to bowl, it’s incredibly exciting.”

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese welcomed the Indian and Australian cricket teams at Kirribilli House (Source: X)

The Prime Minister also lauded young Australian batter Sam Konstas, who impressed in his debut innings at the MCG with a brisk 60 off 65 balls. Albanese humorously claimed credit for Konstas’ rise, noting his century during the Prime Minister’s XI match that caught the selectors’ attention.

“Of course, he got his break in the Prime Minister’s XI. I’m claiming some of the credit, which is about my only contribution to national cricket.”

The event saw moments of warmth as Konstas posed for pictures with Indian star Virat Kohli and Bumrah. Albanese was also seen sharing a laugh with Kohli, showing him something on his phone. Legendary Australian pacer Glenn McGrath presented the Prime Minister with a pink cap from the McGrath Foundation, highlighting the importance of Day 3 at the SCG, known as Jane McGrath Day.

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese seen sharing a laugh with Indian captain Virat Kohli 9Source: X)

Indian head coach Gautam Gambhir, speaking for skipper Rohit Sharma, reflected on the challenges of touring Australia.

“Australia is a beautiful country to travel but a challenging place to play. The crowds have been absolutely amazing. We’ve got one more Test match to go, and hopefully, we can entertain the fans.”

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese welcomed the Indian and Australian cricket teams at Kirribilli House (Source: X)

Meanwhile, Australian skipper Pat Cummins expressed his determination to reclaim the Border-Gavaskar Trophy, last won by Australia in 2014-15.

“Last week in Melbourne was one of the best Test matches we’ve been part of. Over the five days, I’ve never seen anything like it. We’re looking forward to this week—it’s a decider, our chance to win the series. Can’t wait.”

With Australia leading the series 2-1, India faces a must-win scenario to retain the Border-Gavaskar Trophy, a title they’ve held since 2017. The high-stakes clash promises intense competition, with fans eagerly anticipating a thrilling finale at the SCG.

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Monash Uni student Arya Vaidya crowned Miss India Australia 2024

Image: Arya Vaidya (Photo: Raj Suri / Source: Supplied)

Arya Vaidya, a 21-year-old Monash University student, has been crowned Miss India Australia 2024.

Currently completing her final year of a Bachelor of Business degree, majoring in marketing, Arya is not only academically gifted but also fluent in Marathi, Hindi, and English.

Image: Arya Vaidya (Photo: Raj Suri / Source: Supplied)

Raised in Sydney and now studying in Melbourne, Arya is deeply connected to her Indian roots. Her passion lies in using cultural storytelling and data-driven strategies to inspire change, reflecting a perfect blend of tradition and modernity. Beyond academics, Arya is an advocate for individuality and cultural diversity in fashion. Her athletic spirit shines through her love for soccer and gymnastics.

With confidence and authenticity guiding her journey, Arya draws inspiration from both Indian Vedic astrology (Leo, Simha ascendant) and Western zodiac traditions, merging ancient wisdom with contemporary perspectives.

Image: Arya Vaidya (Photo: Raj Suri / Source: Supplied)

Arya’s selection as Miss India Australia 2024 followed a competitive audition process. A highlight of her journey was presenting a social project addressing the mental health and identity challenges faced by Indian women in Australia.

“The audition process was a transformative experience. It pushed me to grow personally, refine my presentation skills, and express my cultural identity. The guidance and warmth of Mr Raj Suri made the experience inspiring and enjoyable,” Arya shared.

Image: Indian-Australian talent coach and personal branding expert Raj Suri (Source: Suppied)

Under the mentorship of Indian-Australian talent coach and personal branding expert Raj Suri, Arya will represent Australia at the Miss India Worldwide 2025 pageant, with the host country to be announced soon.

“Miss India Australia celebrates diversity, empowers women, and offers a platform for Indian-Australian role models to shine. It goes beyond traditional beauty standards by embracing individuality and talent.”

The Miss India Australia platform, founded by Raj Suri in 2001, is a trailblazer in showcasing the rich tapestry of Indian-Australian identity. Winners and finalists have gone on to excel in fields ranging from film and television to community leadership. Notable past winners include Vimala Raman (2004), Pallavi Sharda (2010), and Dr Muskan Jangra (2022).

Image: Arya Vaidya (Photo: Raj Suri / Source: Supplied)

Miss India Australia conducts empowerment workshops focused on self-confidence, image building, and career coaching for young Indian-Australian women. It offers a space for participants to celebrate their heritage while embracing their contemporary Australian identity.

Arya Vaidya now joins this illustrious list of changemakers, poised to represent Australia on the global stage while inspiring the next generation of Indian-Australian women.

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Shamsud-Din Jabbar kills 10 and injures 35 in New Orleans terrorist attack

Image: Shamsud Din Jabbar has been named as the driver in the suspected terror attack (Source: Texas Department of Public Safety)

A horrifying attack in New Orleans has left 10 dead and 35 injured after a driver plowed a pickup truck into a crowd of New Year’s revellers in the city’s iconic French Quarter early Wednesday morning.

The FBI authorities have identified the perpetrator as 42-year-old Shamsud-Din Jabbar, a Texas-born U.S. Army veteran.

“An ISIS flag was located in the vehicle, and the FBI is working to determine the subject’s potential associations and affiliations with terrorist organizations.”

At approximately 3:15 a.m. local time, Jabbar drove the truck at high speed onto Bourbon Street, bypassing barriers, and into a dense crowd celebrating the holiday. Witnesses described scenes of chaos as bodies were struck and flung through the air.

Jabbar exited the vehicle, wearing body armour and armed with an assault rifle, and exchanged gunfire with police. Officers fatally shot him, though two officers were wounded in the confrontation. They are reported to be in stable condition.

Investigators discovered improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in Jabbar’s truck and additional suspected explosives elsewhere in the French Quarter.

New Orleans Police Superintendent Anne Kirkpatrick described the act as premeditated carnage.

“He was hell-bent on creating the damage that he did.”

The FBI, now leading the investigation, has classified the incident as “an act of terrorism.” Authorities are exploring the possibility of accomplices but have not disclosed further details.

U.S. President Joe Biden condemned the attack, calling it a “horrific act of violence” and expressed support for the victims and their families. “I am grateful for the brave and swift response of local law enforcement in preventing even greater death and injury,” he said.

President-elect Donald Trump pledged full federal support for the investigation and recovery efforts, labelling the act “pure evil.”

Witness accounts painted a harrowing picture Bourbon Street of the aftermath. It is a well-known historic hub for tourism and nightlife, was crowded with visitors preparing for the annual Sugar Bowl college football game, which has since been postponed.

As the investigation continues, authorities have urged anyone with information about Jabbar’s actions in the days leading up to the attack to come forward. The community remains on high alert as officials work to ensure public safety and uncover the motives behind this devastating act.

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Fiji Navy suspends seven over mishap with Australian-gifted patrol boat

Image: The RFNS Timo handed over to Fiji during a ceremony in Western Australia in November 2024 (Source: X)

Seven sailors from the Republic of Fiji Navy have been suspended without pay following a docking mishap involving the newly acquired RFNS Timo at Walu Bay Navy Pier on December 19.

Commander Republic of Fiji Navy Commodore Humphrey Tawake confirmed the suspensions yesterday as investigations into the incident continue.

Image: Australia handed over the Guardian-class patrol boat RFNS Timo to Fiji during a ceremony in November (Source: Royal Australian Navy / Photo: CPOIS Nina Fogliani)

The RFNS Timo, a Guardian-class patrol boat gifted by the Australian government, sustained minor damage to its port-side stern above the waterline during med-mooring operations. Gusty winds, confined docking space, and the proximity of commercial vessels contributed to the incident, according to Commodore Tawake.

Allegations that some sailors were intoxicated during the incident have prompted disciplinary action. Commodore Tawake told the Fiji Sun,

“The disciplinary process has taken its course on those sailors involved. They remain members of the force but are suspended until the investigation concludes.”

The RFNS Timo, handed over to Fiji during a ceremony in Western Australia in November 2024, is expected to strengthen the nation’s maritime security and border protection efforts.

Pio Tikoduadua, Minister for Home Affairs and Immigration; Permanent Secretary Mason Smith and Deputy RFMF Commander Humphrey Tawake received this state-of-the-art vessel in a ceremony today in Perth.

It replaces the RFNS Puamau, decommissioned earlier this year following its grounding in Fulaga waters.

Image: RFNS Puamau was decommissioned after running aground (Source: X)

The incident has reignited scrutiny over Australia’s Pacific Maritime Security Program, under which 22 Guardian-class vessels have been provided to Pacific nations. Despite their advanced technology, the patrol boats have faced operational setbacks, including natural disasters and technical defects.

A Defence spokesperson told the ABC that:

“As RFNS Timo is a sovereign asset of Fiji, this matter is for the Fijian government. Defence understands an investigation is underway.”

Meanwhile, Commodore Tawake confirmed the navy is awaiting approval for the disposal of the decommissioned RFNS Puamau and that court-martial proceedings related to the case will begin this month.

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Financial support activated for Victorians impacted by bushfires

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Victorian Premier Jacinta Allan assessing the bushfire situation in the Grampians. (Source: X)

In the wake of devastating bushfires that have ravaged the Grampians National Park and Macedon Ranges, the Albanese Government has launched a financial support package to help affected communities rebuild their lives.

The Disaster Recovery Allowance (DRA) will provide up to 13 weeks of income relief for workers and sole traders who have experienced income loss due to the fires.

Eligible individuals in the Rural City of Ararat, Shire of Macedon Ranges, Shire of Northern Grampians, and Shire of Southern Grampians can access the assistance if their expected earnings fall below the national average weekly income over the next 13 weeks.

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese highlighted the resilience of Australians in times of crisis, saying,

“At the worst of times, we see the best of the Australian spirit. Neighbours helping each other out, communities coming together, and first responders protecting lives and livelihoods. This support aims to ensure those affected can recover and get back on their feet as quickly as possible.”

Minister for Government Services Bill Shorten added that the government is committed to ensuring help reaches those in need promptly.

“Supporting communities impacted by natural disasters is what Services Australia is designed to do. The easiest way to make a claim is online through myGov, but assistance is available via the Emergency Information Line for those needing extra support.”

For many in the region, the fires have hit during the peak tourism season, significantly impacting livelihoods. Minister for Emergency Management Jenny McAllister stressed the urgency of the response, stating,

“These bushfires have disrupted incomes, particularly for tourism operators who rely on this season. By activating this financial assistance swiftly, we are ensuring immediate support for those affected. At the same time, it’s crucial for locals and visitors to stay prepared and heed advice from emergency services.”

With the DRA now available, affected Victorians are encouraged to seek information and apply for support through Services Australia. This timely assistance offers a financial lifeline, allowing communities to focus on recovery and resilience in the face of disaster.

Applications for the allowance opened on 30 December 2024, and community members are urged to check their eligibility on the Services Australia website. For more information on the Disaster Recovery Allowance, visit the Services Australia website at servicesaustralia.gov.au/disastersupport.

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Fiji Police investigate alleged theft and assault of Australian airline crew in Nadi

Representative image: Aeroplane (Source: CANVA)

Three Virgin Australia crew members have been confined to their hotel rooms in Fiji following an alleged incident involving theft and the reported sexual assault of two staff members.

The incident reportedly occurred after the crew visited a nightclub in Martintar, Nadi, on Tuesday evening.

Acting Police Commissioner Juki Fong Chew confirmed to fijivillage News that local suspects are under investigation but did not provide details on arrests.

The crew members are currently separated and staying in individual rooms at the Tanoa Hotel near Nadi International Airport. Virgin Australia’s management team has flown to Fiji to investigate, while family members of the affected crew are also travelling to the island nation.

A replacement crew has been dispatched to return the aircraft to Australia.

Virgin Australia confirmed the incident but has not disclosed specifics, stating: “Our focus is on the wellbeing of our team members affected.”

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade is aware of the reports but declined to comment further, citing privacy obligations.

This incident comes amidst tense diplomatic relations between Australia and Fiji in recent weeks. Investigations by Fijian authorities are ongoing.

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In 2025, let’s make it game on – not game over – for our precious natural world

Representative image: Australian rainforest (Source: CANVA)

By Darcy Watchorn and Marissa Parrott

It’s just past midnight in the cool, ancient forests of Tasmania. We’ve spent a long day and night surveying endangered Tasmanian devils. All around, small animals scurry through bushes. A devil calls in the darkness. Microbats swoop and swirl as a spotted-tailed quoll slips through the shadows. Working here is spine-tingling and electric.

Weeks later, we’re in a moonlit forest in Victoria. It was logged a few years earlier and burnt by bushfire a few decades before that. The old trees are gone. So too are the quolls, bats and moths that once dwelled in their hollows. Invasive blackberry chokes what remains. The silence is deafening, and devastating.

In our work as field biologists, we often desperately wish we saw a place before it was cleared, logged, burnt or overtaken by invasive species. Other times, we hold back tears as we read about the latest environmental catastrophe, overwhelmed by anger and frustration. Perhaps you know this feeling of grief?

The new year is a chance to reflect on the past and consider future possibilities. Perhaps we’ll sign up to the gym, spend more time with family, or – perish the thought – finally get to the dentist.

But let us also set a New Year’s resolution for nature. Let’s make a personal pledge to care for beetles and butterflies, rainforests and reefs, for ourselves, and for future generations. Because now, more than ever — when the natural world seems to be on the precipice — it’s not too late to be a catalyst for positive change.

A trail of destruction

Our work brings us up close to the beauty of nature. We trek through deserts, stumble through forests and trudge over snowy mountains to study and conserve Australia’s unique wildlife.

But we must also confront devastating destruction. The underlying purpose of our work – trying to save species before it is too late – is almost always heartbreaking. It is a race we cannot always win.

Since Europeans arrived in Australia, much of the country has become severely degraded.

Around 40% of our forests and 99% of grasslands have been cut down and cleared, and much of what remains is under threat. Thousands of ecological communities, plants and animal species are threatened with extinction.

And it seems the news only gets worse. The global average temperature for the past decade is the warmest on record, about 1.2°C above the pre-industrial average. Severe bushfires are more and more likely. Yet Australia’s federal government recently approved four coalmine expansions.

Australia remains a global logging and deforestation hotspot. We have the world’s worst record for mammal extinctions and lead the world in arresting climate and environment protesters.

To top it off, a recent study estimated more than 9,000 native Australian animals, mostly invertebrates, have gone extinct since European arrival. That’s between one and three species every week.

Many will never be formally listed, named or known. Is this how the world ends – not with a bang, but with a silent invertebrate apocalypse?

This destruction provokes ecological grief

The degradation of our environment affects more than distant plants and animals. It resonates deeply with many humans, too.

Ecological grief is an emotional response to environmental degradation and climate change, damaging our mental health and wellbeing. It can manifest as sadness, anxiety, despair or helplessness. Or it might bring a profound sense of guilt that we all, directly or indirectly, contribute to the problems facing the natural world.

Academic research on ecological grief is growing rapidly, but the concept has been around for decades.

In 1949, American writer and philosopher Aldo Leopold – widely considered the father of wildlife ecology and modern conservation – eloquently wrote in his book A Sand County Almanac that:

One of the penalties of an ecological education is that one lives alone in a world of wounds. Much of the damage inflicted on land is quite invisible to laymen. An ecologist must either harden his shell and make believe that the consequences of science are none of his business, or he must be the doctor who sees the marks of death in a community that believes itself well and does not want to be told otherwise.

Ecological grief is certainly a heavy burden. But it can also be a catalyst for change.

Turning grief into action

So how do we unlock the transformative potential of ecological grief?

In our experience, it first helps to share our experience with colleagues, friends and family. It’s important to know others have similar feelings and that we are not alone.

Next, remember that it is not too late to act – passivity is the enemy of positive change. It’s vital to value and protect what remains, and restore what we can.

Taking action doesn’t just help nature, it’s also a powerful way to combat feelings of helplessness and grief. It might involve helping local wildlife, supporting environmental causes, reducing meat consumption, or – perhaps most importantly – lobbying political representatives to demand change.

Lastly, for environmental professionals such as us, celebrating wins – no matter how small – can help buoy us to fight another day.

We are encouraged by our proud memories of helping return the mainland eastern barred bandicoot to the wild. The species was declared extinct on mainland Australia in 2013. After more than three decades of conservation action, it was taken off the “extinct in the wild list” in 2021, a first for an Australian threatened species.

Our work to support mountain pygmy-possum populations after the Black Summer fires helped to ease our grief at the loss of so many forests, as did seeing the end of native forest logging in Victoria a year ago.

So, for our New Year’s resolution, let’s harness our ecological grief to bring about positive change. Let’s renew the fight to return those lost voices, and protect our remaining ancient ecosystems. We can, and must, do better – because so much depends on it.

And maybe, just maybe, we’ll finally get to the dentist.

Darcy Watchorn, Threatened Species Biologist, Wildlife Conservation & Science Department, Zoos Victoria, and Visiting Scholar, School of Life & Environmental Science, Deakin University and Marissa Parrott, Senior Conservation Biologist, Wildlife Conservation & Science, Zoos Victoria, and Honorary Research Associate, BioSciences, The University of Melbourne

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Australia rings in 2025 with dazzling fireworks and optimistic festive cheer

Image: Fireworks explode above the Sydney Harbour Bridge and Sydney Opera House (Source: City of Sydney - X)

Australia welcomed 2025 in spectacular style, with stunning fireworks displays and jubilant crowds marking the occasion across the nation.

Sydney led the celebrations, hosting its largest-ever New Year’s Eve fireworks extravaganza. More than a million people flocked to the Harbour City, braving long queues and early starts to secure prime viewing spots. By 11am, many vantage points, including Blues Point Reserve and Mrs Macquarie’s Chair, were packed. The 12-minute midnight spectacle, choreographed by pyrotechnics master Fortunato Foti, lit up the Sydney Harbour Bridge, Opera House, and surrounding skyscrapers in a kaleidoscope of colour.

Revellers were treated to over 23,000 pyrotechnic shots, 13,000 aerial shells, and 40,000 ground effects, with a soundtrack by award-winning composer Luna Pan. Sydney Lord Mayor Clover Moore described the event as “our biggest NYE spectacle ever,” highlighting new firing locations and uniquely Australian visual effects.

In Melbourne, crowds thronged the Docklands, Flagstaff Gardens, and the Shrine for rooftop fireworks and a laser show that illuminated 27 skyscrapers.

Brisbane’s South Bank hosted Queensland’s largest-ever fireworks display, featuring more than 80,000 individual pyrotechnics. Brisbane Lord Mayor Adrian Schrinner told Dean Miller on Summer Breakfast, “There’s a little bit of rain around, but that won’t stop the fireworks.”

In Perth, celebrations centred around Elizabeth Quay, with family-friendly shows at 8:30pm and midnight drawing record crowds.

Adelaide’s Elder Park came alive with two displays on the River Torrens, while wild weather in Darwin saw its midnight fireworks brought forward to beat a sudden storm.

Despite the challenges, the mood across the country was jubilant. From Hobart’s Beerfest in Tasmania to early sunsets on Fremantle’s beaches, Australians embraced the festivities.

As one of the first nations to welcome 2025, Australia once again set the benchmark for global New Year’s Eve celebrations.

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Albanese calls for optimism as Dutton slams Labor in New Year’s messages ahead of 2025 election

Image: Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Opposition Leader Peter Dutton (Source: X)

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Opposition Leader Peter Dutton have ushered in the New Year with contrasting messages as they prepare for a showdown in the 2025 federal election.

In a brief video message on X, PM Albanese emphasised building a “stronger Australia” while extending gratitude to those working over the holidays, including Defence, emergency, health, hospitality, and retail workers. “We live in the greatest country in the world, and in the year ahead, with new determination and renewed optimism, we can build an even stronger Australia together,” he said.

“I wish you all a safe, happy, and prosperous 2025.”

Meanwhile, Dutton delivered a two-minute address on YouTube targeting the Labor government’s performance, highlighting the cost of living crisis, rising crime, and what he called Australia’s backward slide over the past three years.

Dutton described 2025 as a “choice” for voters, pledging to end economic pressures, lower prices, and reform migration policies if elected.

“In 2025, together, let’s get our country back on track.”

Both leaders acknowledged the sacrifices made by Australians throughout 2024, though their messages underscored a stark divide. End-of-year polls revealed PM Albanese’s approval rating had slipped to 41%, while his disapproval rating climbed to 53%, reflecting growing voter dissatisfaction.

With a federal election due by May, the Prime Minister struck an optimistic tone despite mounting pressure.

“What I am worried about is helping fellow Australians. I have been underestimated my whole political life.”

As the clock ticks down to the election, the battle lines have been drawn, and both leaders are rallying their bases for a critical year in Australian politics.

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Thrilling double-header brings India’s Pro-kabaddi to Australia

Image: Pro Kabaddi All Stars faced off against Australia’s Aussie Raiders (Source: Tim Watts MP - X)

John Cain Arena came alive as Melbourne hosted the PKL Melbourne Raid, a historic kabaddi double-header featuring elite talent from the Pro Kabaddi League (PKL) and Australia. The event showcased electrifying action, cultural connections, and a glimpse into one of India’s most beloved sports.

The first match saw the PKL All Star Mavericks triumph in a nail-biting 41-39 victory over the PKL All Star Masters. Legendary players like Ajay Thakur, Pardeep Narwal, and Maninder Singh thrilled fans with strategic raids and tenacious defence. The Mavericks clinched the game in the dying moments, with Pardeep Narwal’s Super 10 performance proving decisive.

In the headline match, the Pro Kabaddi All Stars faced off against Australia’s Aussie Raiders, led by former AFL star Josh Kennedy.

Despite spirited efforts from the Aussies, including standout moments by Benny Gowers and Brett Deledio, the All Stars’ superior strategy and skill secured a commanding 46-28 victory. Maninder Singh and Sukesh Hegde were instrumental, while defensive stalwarts Rakesh Kumar and Ran Singh ensured the All Stars’ dominance.

Assistant Minister for Foreign Affairs Tim Watts expressed his honour in tossing the coin for the Pro Kabaddi League at John Cain Arena, marking the first professional kabaddi event in Australia. He highlighted the excitement of watching Brown and Kennedy’s Aussie Raiders compete against an Indian All Star Team.

The event attended by 4000 people celebrated the growing ties between India and Australia, with a diverse crowd cheering every daring raid and gripping tackle.

Dignitaries including Australian and Indian sporting legends, as well as government representatives, added gravitas to the occasion. For many attendees, this was their first encounter with kabaddi, leaving them captivated by its athleticism and rich tradition.

With kabaddi gaining an international platform, the PKL Melbourne Raid marked a memorable chapter in the sport’s global journey, showcasing its appeal to new audiences while strengthening cultural and sporting bonds.

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Fiji leaders pay tribute to former Indian Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh’s legacy

Image: Fiji’s Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Professor Biman Prasad; Deputy Prime Minister, Manoa Kamikamica; and Minister for Women, Children, and Social Protection Sashi Kiran (Source: HCI in Suva - X)

Fiji has joined global leaders in expressing heartfelt condolences on the passing of Dr Manmohan Singh, one of India’s longest-serving prime ministers and a transformative figure in global economics.

Dr Singh, who passed away at the age of 92 on 26 December 2024, was honoured with a state funeral in Delhi, where tributes poured in for his leadership and legacy.

In Suva, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Professor Biman Prasad signed the condolence book at the High Commission of India. He expressed profound sorrow, lauding Dr Singh’s role in shaping India’s economic trajectory and his contributions to global economic reforms.

Fiji’s Deputy Prime Minister, Manoa Kamikamica, and Minister for Women, Children, and Social Protection Sashi Kiran also extended condolences, emphasising Dr Singh’s monumental impact on India’s modernisation and his role as a global statesman.

Dr Singh, India’s prime minister from 2004 to 2014, was widely respected for his academic brilliance and reformist leadership. His tenure, marked by significant reforms and political challenges, leaves a lasting legacy.

Global tributes have poured in, with US President Joe Biden calling him a “true statesman” and recognising his pivotal role in strengthening US-India ties.

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India successfully launches SpaDeX satellites critical for future lunar missions

Image: PSLV-C60 launch carrying SpaDeX (Source: ISRO - X)

India marked a significant milestone in its space programme with the successful launch of two SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) satellites on December 30.

The mission, conducted by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), aims to test autonomous docking technology critical for future lunar missions and the construction of the country’s first space station.

Launched aboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C58) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, the satellites were deployed into their designated orbit at 10:30 p.m. IST.

The SpaDeX mission comprises two satellites, a Chaser and a Target, which will autonomously perform docking operations in space by early January 2025.

ISRO Chairman S. Somanath hailed the launch as a step forward in mastering the technologies needed for Chandrayaan-4’s lunar sample return mission and the Bharatiya Antariksha Station, planned for the next decade. The mission’s success positions India among the few nations capable of demonstrating such complex manoeuvres in orbit.

The PSLV-C58 rocket also carried 24 secondary payloads, including a robotic arm for on-orbit servicing tests and microgravity experiments designed to benefit science and industry. These secondary payloads reflect India’s growing competence in advanced space technologies and international collaboration.

This launch reinforces ISRO’s commitment to enhancing India’s space exploration capabilities, with the SpaDeX experiment playing a critical role in advancing technologies for both crewed and uncrewed lunar and interplanetary missions.

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Holiday playdates are great for kids – but ditch the stress and don’t compare milestones

Representative image: Kids playdate (Source: CANVA)

By Kimberley Beasley

During school holidays, playdates can provide a brilliant opportunity for social interactions for both children and their parents. They can help children get to know kids at their current or future daycare and school.

So, what makes a great playdate – and how can parents make them less stressful?

Here are some things to consider.

Play is good for children

Play is how children learn and make sense of the world around them.

Through play, children can:

  • develop their social and emotional skills
  • practice sharing and taking turns
  • get better at reading other children’s emotions
  • learn to negotiate conflict
  • solve problems
  • navigate challenges
  • develop thinking skills as they make up new games and encounter new ideas.

Play can support children’s executive functions, meaning the mental skills we use when we think flexibly, use our memory and practise self-control.

Play nurtures a child’s imagination, allowing them to build on each other’s ideas to invent new imaginary worlds. Imagination helps us develop the skills for abstract thinking.

Playdates can also help parents find support and understanding from someone going through the same thing. They can discuss challenges and share solutions for common parenting struggles, such as sleep routines and healthy meal ideas.

Offering your child a diverse buffet of playdate options

Playdates can also provide children with possibilities they can’t get in the family home. That includes giving them an understanding of our diverse communities.

So, it’s great for parents to put some intention into who their child plays with and who gets invited to a playdate.

Think about how diverse your child’s world is now and if you are limiting their world to people just like you. Is there an opportunity to open their world to the rich diversity they will experience in society as they grow?

It is important for children to value difference, embrace diversity and be exposed to different languages.

This can help children think about language, improve their cultural awareness and develop more flexible and inclusive social skills.

A little planning can go a long way

Planning a playdate can be stressful. Parents can end up worrying about where to go, what to do, whether the house is tidy enough, or that you might be judged about the food you offer. Meeting in a public space such as a local park or playground can help.

Parents also worry their child might misbehave, not play well with others or announce they’re bored. But playdates are about giving kids a chance to learn social skills and resolve conflicts. When disputes arise, support them to identify their feelings and brainstorm solutions.

If you are meeting at home, think up some play activities that are open-ended and suitable for a range of age groups and interests. Examples include:

  • painting
  • drawing
  • pavement chalk
  • cutting and gluing from magazines
  • playing or constructing things with cardboard boxes
  • ball games with simple targets (like a saucepan or laundry basket)
  • building blanket forts
  • camping indoors or outdoors with a small tent.

For a playdate in a park, a nature scavenger hunt is fun – can the kids each find a feather? A gumnut? A special rock?

Another idea for an outdoor playdate might be a bush walk, where kids can learn to identify local native plants.

My own research has found many adults and children know very little about native plants.

Building this knowledge is important to be able to recognise toxic plants, as well to understand some Indigenous knowledges about the plants in our local environment.

Some can be used to make delicious drinks or to add to food, or to take the sting out of an ant bite.

Learning together with another family using a plant app such as Inaturalist can make learning more enjoyable.

Ditch the stress and don’t compare

During playdates, it is common for parents to compare their child with other children. They can end up stressing about milestones and if their child is “behind”.

Research shows while there are general milestones that most children will reach, this can happen within a broad timeframe. Usually, there’s nothing to worry about.

If you’re really concerned, your local child health nurse or your GP is the best place to go.

Instead of talking in depth about “milestones” during playdates, try chatting instead about local places to play, books you or your child enjoys or recipe ideas for families.

For a successful playdate, try to focus on the enjoyment of the children and supporting them to play.

Have in mind some activities suitable for the venue you choose. Then step back and let the children explore the world around them while they get to know each other.

Kimberley Beasley, Lecturer and Academic Chair in Early Childhood, Murdoch University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi recognises efforts to revive Tamil in Fiji

Image: India's MEA Dr S. Jaishankar’s visit to the Sri Siva Subramaniya Swami Temple in Nadi last year (Source: X)

In a significant moment of recognition, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently acknowledged the initiative to teach Tamil in Fiji during his radio podcast program Mann Ki Baat.

Expressing pride in the global spread of Indian culture particularly Tamil teaching in Fiji, PM Modi remarked,

“It is a matter of great pride for us that Tamil is the oldest language in the world and every Indian is proud of it. The number of people learning it is constantly rising in countries around the world.”

The recognition from the Prime Minister has added momentum to the efforts to preserve and promote Tamil in Fiji. The High Commission of India (HCI) in Suva shared their excitement on Twitter, expressing immense honour at being recognised by Modi. The tweet from the High Commission read, “Immense honour to be recognised by Hon’ble Prime Minister Shri @narendramodi in today’s #MannKiBaat for the new @mygovindia @MEAIndia @HCI_Suva initiative in #Fiji to promote #Tamil language. Sincere thanks to local partners @SangamFiji & @FijiGovernment and also our #தமிழ் teachers and dear students.”

The initiative, funded by the Indian Ministry of External Affairs, is being carried out in partnership with the Fijian Ministry of Education, the Fijian Government, and TISI Sangam, one of the oldest and most influential South Indian diaspora organisations in Fiji.

Two Tamil teachers from India have been deployed to Sangam schools in Rakiraki and Labasa to teach and inspire students, aiming to preserve one of the world’s oldest classical languages and deepen the connection between the South Indian community in Fiji and their cultural roots.

The roots of Tamil in Fiji run deep, dating back to the arrival of indentured labourers from South India in the early 20th century. TISI Sangam, founded in 1926 by Sadhu Kuppuswamy, an indentured labourer and spiritual leader, has played a vital role in maintaining the cultural and linguistic heritage of the South Indian community in Fiji. The organisation, originally centred around the Sri Siva Subramaniya Swami Temple in Nadi, continues to be a key force in preserving Tamil language, culture, and values in Fiji today.

This latest initiative is a step forward in ensuring that Tamil not only survives but thrives in Fiji. The involvement of Indian teachers is a significant part of India’s ongoing commitment to cultural preservation in the diaspora, as exemplified by External Affairs Minister Dr Subrahmanyam Jaishankar’s support.

Dr Jaishankar’s visit to the Sri Siva Subramaniya Swami Temple in Nadi last year highlighted the importance of promoting the language and culture of the Indian diaspora in Fiji.

Looking ahead, this initiative represents more than just an educational programme; it’s a revitalisation of identity and heritage. By strengthening the ties between Fiji and Tamil Nadu, it offers a future where Tamil language and culture will continue to flourish for generations to come, not just in Fiji but across the Pacific region.

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Dutton calls for family respect as Albanese pulls controversial Labor meme

Image: Allegedly offensive meme shared by the Victorian Labor Party on social media (Source: Facebook - Victorian Labor)

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese has intervened to demand the Victorian Labor Party remove a social media post mocking the marriage of Opposition Leader Peter Dutton and his wife, Kirilly. The post, which appeared on Facebook, repurposed a 2019 image of the couple with the caption:

“Justifying dating your new partner to your friends who don’t like him.”

Image: Allegedly offensive meme shared by the Victorian Labor Party on social media (Source: Facebook – Victorian Labor)

A spokesperson for the prime minister confirmed Albanese’s actions, stating,

“The prime minister demanded it be taken down. Families should be off limits.”

The post had drawn sharp criticism from the Liberal Party, including Senator James Paterson, who condemned it as offensive and inappropriate.

“Labor has given up solving the cost of living crisis. All they have is nasty personal smears against Peter Dutton and his family.”

Dutton himself weighed in, posting on X (formerly Twitter):

“I can assure you the Liberal Party I lead will not be targeting Jodie Haydon. I respect and like Jodie, but she is not an elected official and will not be the subject of humiliation, attack ads, or public smear by the Liberal Party. I would ask the PM to equally respect my wife.”

The image used in the meme originated from a 2019 Courier-Mail interview in which Kirilly Dutton defended her husband, saying,

“He is a really good man. He is a really good father and he’s not a monster.”

The Victorian Labor Party added humorous captions intended to capitalise on Dutton’s unpopularity in Victoria, Australia’s most progressive state.

Labor’s state secretary, Steve Staikos, defended the post, calling it a light-hearted commentary. “It’s not a personal attack – that’s a mischaracterisation of the post,” Staikos said.

“It’s a screenshot from a newspaper article they [the Duttons] willingly participated in.”

Shadow Minister for Home Affairs and Cyber Security, James Paterson, criticised Victorian Labor Secretary Steve Staikos on X for defending a political attack involving Peter Dutton’s wife before Albanese intervened to have it removed. Paterson questioned whether Staikos would face any consequences for his actions or if it was “just another day in the office.”

The Victorian Labor post is part of a broader struggle for political dominance in the state, where the Liberal Party sees opportunities to regain seats like Aston and Chisholm in the upcoming federal election. Recent polling from the Resolve Political Monitor indicates a shift in voter sentiment, with Labor’s primary vote dropping from 33% to 29% in Victoria and the Coalition’s rising to 38%.

While the post has been removed, the controversy has reignited discussions about the ethical limits of political discourse. With both leaders vowing to keep family matters out of the political fray, the spotlight now turns to whether the parties can maintain their commitments as the election approaches.

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Australia beats India to clinch thrilling Boxing Day Test, takes Border-Gavaskar series lead

Image: Australia beats India to clinch thrilling Boxing Day Test (Source: X - Cricket Australia)

In a match destined to be remembered as one of the modern era’s greatest, Australia triumphed over India by 184 runs at the MCG, taking a 2-1 lead in the Border-Gavaskar Trophy series.

With record-breaking crowds, dramatic twists, and standout performances, the Boxing Day Test delivered everything fans could hope for.

Australian debutant Sam Konstas made an instant impact, while Steve Smith notched his second consecutive century, reinforcing Australia’s dominance. On the other hand, India’s Rohit Sharma and Virat Kohli faced mounting scrutiny for their lacklustre performances, overshadowing another Jasprit Bumrah masterclass.

The match saw its fair share of controversy, particularly with two pivotal decisions involving India’s Yashasvi Jaiswal. Pat Cummins’ bouncer to dismiss Jaiswal sparked heated debates, but the DRS review ultimately favoured Australia. Earlier, an lbw decision against Jaiswal went India’s way despite ball-tracking evidence suggesting otherwise, leaving Australia momentarily frustrated.

Cummins’ all-round contributions, including 90 runs across both innings and crucial wickets, played a monumental role in Australia’s success. His first-innings knock ensured Australia posted a formidable 474, and his incisive bowling dismantled India’s top order in the second innings.

India’s hopes of salvaging the Test rested on the shoulders of Rishabh Pant and Jaiswal. However, Pant’s ill-timed aggression against part-time spinner Travis Head triggered a collapse, with India losing 7-34 in the final session.

Despite nursing a back injury, Mitchell Starc’s fiery spells kept India under pressure. Scott Boland, too, delivered key breakthroughs, supported by Nathan Lyon’s spin at critical junctures.

The Test drew an unprecedented aggregate crowd of 373,691, surpassing an 88-year-old record. Melbourne turned out in droves, affirming its status as a cricketing hub.

As India heads into the Sydney finale, former Australian cricketer Mark Waugh and ex-Indian coach Ravi Shastri emphasised the challenges facing the visitors. Waugh hinted at tough selection decisions for India, while Shastri criticised the lack of footwork from senior players, including skipper Sharma.

With the final Test at the SCG starting on January 3, Australia is poised to reclaim the Trophy India has held since 2017. Meanwhile, India must win to retain it. As the series builds to a crescendo, fans can expect another chapter of riveting cricket.

The fifth Test begins Friday at 10:30 am AEDT, with both teams eyeing glory.

TEST RECAP:

Australia squad: Pat Cummins (c), Sean Abbott, Scott Boland, Alex Carey, Travis Head (vc), Josh Inglis, Usman Khawaja, Sam Konstas, Marnus Labuschagne, Nathan Lyon, Mitchell Marsh, Jhye Richardson, Steve Smith (vc), Mitchell Starc, Beau Webster

India squad: Rohit Sharma (c), Jasprit Bumrah (vc), Yashasvi Jaiswal, KL Rahul, Abhimanyu Easwaran, Devdutt Padikkal, Shubman Gill, Virat Kohli, Rishabh Pant, Sarfaraz Khan, Dhruv Jurel, Ravichandran Ashwin, Ravindra Jadeja, Mohammed Siraj, Akash Deep, Prasidh Krishna, Harshit Rana, Nitish Kumar Reddy, Washington Sundar. Reserves: Mukesh Kumar, Navdeep Saini, Khaleel Ahmed, Yash Dayal

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Youth migration and vulnerable civic infrastructure: Can India carve out the vision of Viksit Bharat?

Representative image: Delhi Airport (Source: CANVA)

By Om Prakash Dwivedi

While the USA continues to be at loggerheads with the issue of the rising number of Indian skilled workers migrating to its homeland, the larger script available in different countries shows a different and alluring prospect for Indians. Yet, India seems to be oblivious to the lurking tragedy that awaits to hit our future economy. This also means that India may slowly lose its narrative of Viksit Bharat if corrective measures are not taken immediately.

The narrative building of Viksit Bharat needs to be invested with youth empowerment and shaping policies that can attract and retain the rich and talented Indians, lest we continue to tread on the marshy path laid down by data jargon experts. Perhaps, the Viksit Bharat (Developed India) vision is wrestling with the virus of migration. This virus is only multiplying each day, finding new ways to travel to different destinations outside India. Yet, there seems to be no solution available to check its insidious growth. 

There cannot be a bigger irony than the fact that India aims to be a developed nation without focusing on its youth, healthcare, education, taxation, and civic infrastructure, which keep diminishing every day. In his most recent column, Prabhu Chawla pointedly says,

“For rich Indians, home is no longer where the heart is, for them, is now, no better than real estate, subject to high level of taxation with no commensurate public services to benefit from.”

Chawla’s astute observation is laudatory though he delimits this alarming issue only to the rich class, pointing to the migration of 4300 Indian millionaires by the end of 2024. One cannot ignore the presence of too many irons in the fire that insidiously stokes the issue of migration of Indians abroad.

Most prominent seems to be the perpetual migration of Indian youths to overseas countries, in the hope of a better future and better prospects. How else can one justify the data shared by the Ministry of External Affairs pointing to the exodus of 1.4 million youth in 2024? It is expected that this figure will reach 2 million by 2025. One can argue that this outflow of our youths is not an unsettling issue given the huge population that we have. But the data gains currency if we see the estimated figure that projects “the population of people aged 80+ years [growing] at a rate of around 279% between 2022 and 2050.” This UNFA data also states that the “elderly population will have surpassed the population of children (aged 0 to 15 years) in the country.” Another data suggests,

“By 2036, the share of the under-30 population was likely to further dip to 43 per cent while the above-30 population would account for 57 per cent of the total population.”

Conversely, Indian universities boasting of global stature are witnessing a colossal decline in attracting foreign students to their campuses. A recent RBI report exposes the superficiality of our higher education systems, highlighting that the revenue from education-related travels to India has achieved an unplumbed depth, “falling from US$ 519 million in fiscal year to just US$247 million in 2024 – almost half the figure a decade ago.” If one juxtaposes this loss with the projected figure of the Indian youth migration, it is estimated that “about 2 million students from India will be studying abroad. It calculated total spending by Indian outbound students could reach US$70 billion by 2025. Seen this way, it seems that ‘all hat and no cattle’ syndrome seems to underpin the vulnerable civic infrastructure.

The problems are far too many for us to tackle and overcome as a nation, only if we decide not to remain blinded by populist views and demagogues. The postcolonial India has been disabled by an acute sense of nepotism and corruption. Public sector jobs are largely linked to ideological underpinnings or monetary provenance. Merit is being replaced with loyalty performances and sloganeering.  

Not to ignore the health scenario in India that continues to remain in a pathetic state even though the government keeps increasing the annual budget allocation for this sector. The Knight Frank India reports that “India is facing a deficit of 2 billion sq. ft. of healthcare space to cater to its current population base of 1.42 billion people.” It also means “India’s existing bed-to-population ratio is 1.3/1000 population (both private and public hospitals included), and there is a deficit of 1.7/1000 population.” Put simply, India requires an “additional requirement of 2.4 million beds” to energize its vulnerable health sector.

A nation that aspires to become the third largest economy in the world soon, these data suggest that what we need is an enabling and stable infrastructure that can cater to our youths’ aspirations and also take care of our citizens’ well-being. With so much talk about the use of artificial intelligence, it is high time, we start using our human intelligence in a way that our future vision of growth and prosperity is in conversation with the present bottlenecks that impede the growth prospects and access to basic resources.

India needs a bigger and more serious debate over this acute vulnerability that may blur India’s economic prospects. Such discussions need to be divorced from any ideological moorings and religious dictums. It is our wish to see India as a developed economy soon, but we need to focus on empowering our youths, making our public sectors more competitive, and investing more in social assets. The blueprint of Viksit Bharat (Developed nation) is not to be mistaken for a crystal-gazing exercise, which demonstrates clairvoyant visions, only to realize later that such visions were far removed from reality.    

Contributing Author: Dr Om Prakash Dwivedi is a literary critic and columnist.

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FIPIC at 10: India’s strategic engagement with the Pacific Island countries

Image: India's MEA Dr S Jaishankar call on H.E. Ratu Wiliame Katonivere, President of Fiji in State House in Suva, 2023 (Source: X)

By Rahul Mishra and Shubhamitra Das

As India celebrates ten years of its ‘Act East Policy’ in 2024 and is poised to enter the second decade of Acting East, FIPIC (Forum for India-Pacific Islands Cooperation), a major initiative taken by the Narendra Modi government in 2014, has also marked a decade since its launch in 2014.

Over the past ten years, India’s engagement with Island countries of the Pacific has widened and deepened albeit not at the same pace as with ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) – a regional grouping comprising countries of the Southeast Asian region.

Since 2002, India has been a dialogue partner of the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF), but meaningful engagement only began in 2014 with the Modi government’s establishment of the FIPIC. This initiative has significantly broadened the scope of India’s relationship with the Pacific Island Countries, focusing on trade and investment while also strengthening India’s support for multilateral frameworks and bolstering efforts to address climate change and governance challenges through various forms of development assistance.

In the decade since its inception, FIPIC has hosted three Summits [(Suva (Fiji), Jaipur (India), Port Moresby (PNG)]. The 2023 Summit marked a turning point in bilateral and multilateral cooperation, highlighting the increasing range of collaboration areas, including trade, cybersecurity, medical aid, and infrastructural development. India’s commitment to multilateral diplomacy and ambition to be a reliable partner in the Indo-Pacific region are key drivers of its deepening engagement with the Pacific Islands.

The Indo-Pacific region has become a focal point of India’s foreign policy, given its strategic importance and potential as a mechanism for cooperation. India’s vision of a ‘Free, Open, and Inclusive Indo-Pacific,’ embodied in initiatives such as the IPOI (Indo-Pacific Ocean Initiative) and SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region), underscore the inevitability of regional interdependence. Furthermore, India’s growing strategic partnership with Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, and Papua New Guinea, among others, has complemented its diplomatic and strategic outreach.

Pacific Island Countries: More Important Than Ever for India

Often dismissed as ‘dots on the map,’ the Pacific Islands hold tremendous geopolitical significance due to their vast maritime territories, exclusive economic zones (EEZs), and more importantly their role in the growing voice of the Global South on the climate change front. These Island countries are rich in marine resources and offer immense potential for marine research, innovation, and contributions to global energy and food security. Moreover, the resilience of these islands in the face of climate change and their collective identity as the ‘Blue Pacific’ strengthen their international presence. Despite their status as microstates, the Pacific Islands have emerged as key stakeholders in addressing critical global challenges like climate change.

The geopolitical significance of the region is further amplified by the escalating US-China rivalry. China’s growing influence and military activities in the region have heightened these nations’ vigilance, making the Pacific Island countries a critical theatre for global strategic competition.

The Pacific Islands also serve as a testing ground for international development strategies. Their small economies and scattered geographies make them unique beneficiaries of tailored development projects. These initiatives can be pivotal in creating resilient infrastructures, advancing clean energy technologies, and promoting sustainable fishing practices. Such efforts highlight the importance of regional partnerships that address both local needs and global priorities, reinforcing the strategic significance of the region.

India’s Benign but Potentially Pivotal Role

India’s engagement with the Pacific Islands is multifaceted, encompassing diplomatic, economic, and cultural dimensions. As a leading ‘voice of the Global South,’ India positions itself as a partner that shares common developmental challenges and aspirations with the Pacific Island nations. This shared identity allows India to advocate for these nations on global platforms, particularly on issues like climate change, trade equity, and sustainable development.

India-Pacific Islands cooperation stands on a solid footing, with partnerships in healthcare, education, and renewable energy. India’s support for telemedicine and digital education initiatives has helped bridge gaps in healthcare and education in remote island communities. India’s International Solar Alliance has included Pacific Island nations, enabling them to access affordable solar energy technologies.

While two-way trade volumes remain modest in comparison with Australia or China, there is significant potential for growth in sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. India’s investment plans in infrastructure projects, including ports and transportation networks, aim to enhance connectivity and economic integration within the region and may complement initiatives taken by like-minded countries such as Australia.

Towards a More People-Centric Approach

One of the most effective ways for India to deepen its relationship with the Pacific Islands is through people-to-people connectivity. Educational exchanges can play a pivotal role in this regard. Establishing Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) between the University of South Pacific and Indian universities could facilitate collaborative research and academic exchanges. Such initiatives would not only enrich the knowledge base on the Pacific Islands but also foster cultural understanding and mutual respect. Diaspora connections with Fiji need to be harnessed more systematically for mutual gains.

India could also fund field trips for Indian university students to the Pacific Islands, enabling them to study the region’s unique cultures, histories, and political systems firsthand. These programmes could be complemented by scholarships for Pacific Island students to study in India, creating a network of future leaders with strong ties to both regions.

Civil society cooperation is another avenue for strengthening ties. Joint projects between Indian and Pacific Island civil societies can address shared challenges such as climate change, disaster management, and community development. These collaborations can facilitate the exchange of best practices and build grassroots-level connections that reinforce bilateral and regional partnerships.

Addressing Governance Challenges

Governance is a critical area where India can make valuable contributions to the Pacific Islands. Many Pacific Island nations face challenges related to weak institutions, limited resources, and vulnerability to corruption. India’s experience with decentralized governance at the local community levels, particularly through its Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), offers a model that could be adapted to the unique contexts of the Pacific Island countries.

The PRI system, which emphasizes local participation and representation, could empower communities in the Pacific Islands to take ownership of development initiatives. By fostering transparency and accountability through mechanisms like social audits, PRI principles can help ensure the effective implementation of development projects. These efforts can also contribute to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in gender equality, poverty reduction, and sustainable resource management.

India’s governance model could be particularly beneficial in Melanesia, which includes some of the region’s largest and most strategically significant countries, such as Papua New Guinea. Fiji and Papua New Guinea occupy key positions in the Indo-Pacific region. Strengthening governance and development in these countries could have ripple effects throughout the region enhancing stability and cooperation.

Strengthening Regional Partnerships

The Quad, a strategic grouping of India, Australia, Japan, and the United States, offers a platform for coordinating efforts in the Pacific region. Through initiatives such as vaccine diplomacy, infrastructure development, and maritime security, the Quad can complement India’s bilateral and multilateral engagements with the Pacific Islands. These partnerships not only enhance India’s strategic presence but also contribute to the overall security and development of the Indo-Pacific region. Having included Southeast Asian students in the Quad fellowship initiative, the same could be extended to the Pacific Island countries as well.

A Vision for the Future

Looking ahead, India must continue to build on the successes of FIPIC while addressing emerging challenges and opportunities. Expanding trade and investment, particularly in sustainable industries, will be crucial in fostering economic growth and resilience in the Pacific Islands. At the same time, India should prioritize capacity-building initiatives that empower local communities and institutions to drive their development. Climate change will remain a central focus of India’s engagement with the Pacific Islands.

Ultimately, India’s engagement with the Pacific Islands represents a unique opportunity to demonstrate its commitment to inclusive and sustainable development. By fostering partnerships based on mutual respect and shared values, India can strengthen its role as a trusted partner of the Pacific Island countries and contribute to a more equitable and prosperous Indo-Pacific.

Contributing Author(s): Dr Rahul Mishra a Senior Research Fellow at the German-Southeast Asian Center of Excellence for Public Policy and Good Governance, Thammasat University, Thailand, and an Associate Professor at the Centre for Indo-Pacific Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. He can be reached at rahul.seas@gmail.com / X Handle: @rahulmishr_Dr Shubhamitra Das, Associate Professor, Centre for Indo-Pacific Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. She specialises in politics; governance, diplomacy, environment, feminism and security aspects of the Indo-Pacific region with special focus on Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Island countries. Email: shubhamitra70@gmail.com

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How to stay safe in a New Year’s Eve crowd

Image: NYE Fireworks (Source: CANVA)

By Milad Haghani

December 31 brings masses of people together to usher in the new year.

But when massive crowds gather to party, certain risks – such as overcrowding or alcohol-related violence – may increase.

Here are some tips to stay safe in packed public spaces, so your end-of-year celebration can be a happy one.

A surge of people in the city centre

New Year’s Eve celebrations are usually unticketed and free to attend. This can make it difficult to estimate how many people will show up.

But public events to watch midnight fireworks often attract hundreds of thousands of people in large city centres.

Revellers are spread over open public areas rather than within a structured venue, and there’s typically no formal security screening or restricted entry.

The risk of overcrowding often peaks shortly after midnight. During the night, the crowd usually builds up gradually over several hours. Then, after the fireworks display, everyone rushes to nearby transport hubs to get home.

This surge in movement – where people pour into stations and areas with limited capacity – increases the risk of a crowd crush.

How does a crowd crush happen?

A crowd crush is not necessarily the result of a “stampede”, although it’s a common misconception this is what causes death and injury in crowds.

In fact, a crowd crush, or surge, is a problem of extreme density.

In a crowd crush, you will start to feel pushed forward, often against your will, and this pushes others forward in a dangerous chain reaction.

In these situations, you lose the ability to move on your own accord. The crowd begins to behave more like a fluid.

This turbulence only happens in very dense crowds — usually when there are more than seven or eight people per square metre.

The danger escalates if the pressure on a person’s chest and lungs from overcrowding becomes too intense. This can lead to compressive asphyxia — when a person can’t breathe due to immense pressure on their chest.

A progressive crowd collapse can also occur. If someone falls, it can trigger a domino effect.

What can I do?

There are some things you can do to help lessen your risk of being involved in a crowd crush.

1. Plan your journey ahead: avoid areas likely to experience bottlenecks. Local authorities often plan how to spread crowds and avoid congestion, for example by setting up several celebration sites. Know where you’re going ahead of time.

2. Delay your departure: if possible, wait a little after the fireworks display ends to avoid the surge of movement towards public transport.

3. Monitor for overcrowding: look for early signs of a crush, such as movement slowing or stopping. Try to avoid packed areas and move towards less crowded spaces (for example, to the sides). Listen for signals of distress from people around you or downstream in the crowd. And if you can, pass this information further upstream – for example, by saying “stop moving” or “slow down”, which can lessen the pressure.

People who are shorter or have mobility issues or crowd anxiety (agoraphobia) may be more at risk – so take extra care if this applies to you or someone you’re with.

What about other risks?

Severe heat

New Year’s Eve in Australia is often hit with extreme heat. The good news is severe weather alerts are usually issued well in advance, so you can be prepared. Check the forecast, dress appropriately and carry water with you.

If you’re in an at risk group (including older people, very young children and people with chronic conditions) be prepared to make the choice not to go, if unfavourable weather is predicted.

Fireworks

Fireworks are an iconic part of New Year’s Eve. There can be safety risks, but these come from private fireworks that are prone to misfire and cause accidents.

Public fireworks displays today are incredibly safe compared to private fireworks. Public displays are licensed by experts who follow strict regulations.

Alcohol

For many people, a cheeky champagne is a must on December 31.

Unfortunately where excessive drinking is involved, risks increase – including violent behaviour in public or drink driving incidents.

A Victorian Health Promotion Foundation study found ambulance call-outs and emergency department presentations increase six-fold on New Year’s Eve.

Hospital admissions related to alcohol intoxication increase five-fold.

Emergency department visits for assault more than triple during this time.

But you can drink, party and travel responsibly. Pace yourself, and always have a safe way to get home. Designate a driver, use public transport, or call a ride-share or taxi.

Terrorism

For the first time in a decade, Australia will be celebrating New Year’s Eve at a “probable” terror threat level. This means the possibility of an attack — though not imminent — remains significant enough to warrant vigilance.

If you notice any suspicious activity, report it immediately to your local designated hotline.

In an emergency, follow instructions from authorities and be aware of your surroundings. Avoid filming incidents as they unfold – prioritise your safety and that of others over documentation.

The likelihood of something going wrong is generally quite low. But with millions of people participating in many events across the globe, it’s good to be aware of what the risks might be.

Being prepared means you can enjoy the festivities more safely.

Milad Haghani, Senior Lecturer of Urban Risk & Resilience, UNSW Sydney

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Indian fans help shatter attendance record at MCG Boxing Day Test finale

Image: Biggest Test cricket crowd in Australian sporting history (Source: MCG - Facebook)

Cricket history was made at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) as an unprecedented crowd shattered Australian Test attendance records during the final day of the Boxing Day Test between Australia and India.

Victoria’s Premier, Jacinta Allan, celebrated the achievement, tweeting: “We’ve just broken the record for biggest Test cricket crowd in Australian sporting history. This is the biggest crowd since 1937 – when Don Bradman was captain. Shoutout to all the Aussie and India fans who made it happen.”

By lunch on Day 5, 51,371 fans had already poured through the gates, pushing the total attendance to a record-breaking 350,700. This surpassed the previous mark of 350,534 set during the 1937 Ashes, when Sir Donald Bradman led Australia in a six-day Test.

The crowd frenzy led to Cricket Australia reopening the Ponsford Stand and Level 4, originally planned to remain closed, as fans seized $10 adult tickets and free entry for kids. The surge prompted the MCG to scramble for additional security and refreshments to accommodate the growing numbers.

The final day also saw a carnival atmosphere, driven by a large Indian contingent and heightened series tensions. A dramatic debut by Sam Konstas and the festive season added to the appeal, with attendance estimations climbing to 75,000 by the day’s end.

The record-breaking crowd is the latest in a string of milestones during this five-match series. Earlier, Optus Stadium in Perth set attendance benchmarks for The West Test, and the opening day of the Boxing Day Test delivered Channel 7 its highest-ever viewership for a Test match.

Daily attendance figures for the MCG Test were equally astonishing, with crowds of 87,242, 85,147, 83,073, 43,867, and 51,371 turning out across the five days. Saturday’s attendance of 83,073 set a day-three Boxing Day Test record, eclipsing the 1937 Ashes figures.

Image: MCG (Source: Facebook – MCG)

The Boxing Day Test has also broken the previous Australia-India series record of 194,481 set in 2014. With cooler weather and the festive mood drawing fans in droves, the MCG has cemented its place in cricket folklore, proving the enduring allure of Test cricket in Australia.

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Perth academic couple drown saving daughter from dangerous rip

Image: Dr Mohammad Swapan, 44, and Dr Sabrina Ahmed, 40 (Source: Facebook)

A Perth couple, Dr Mohammad Swapan, 44, and Dr Sabrina Ahmed, 40, tragically drowned while attempting to rescue their youngest daughter from a powerful rip at Conspicuous Cliff Beach, near Walpole in Western Australia, on Saturday.

Image: Dr Mohammad Swapan, 44, and Dr Sabrina Ahmed, 40 (Source: Facebook)

The family, on a Christmas holiday, was enjoying the remote beach when their daughter was swept into dangerous waters. The couple heroically dived in to save her but became caught in the rip themselves.

Emergency services arrived after receiving reports of three people in distress around 2:40 pm. A 42-year-old man also entered the water to assist the couple, but all three were eventually pulled from the ocean by nearby beachgoers. Despite CPR efforts by police, Dr Swapan and Ms Ahmed could not be revived. The other rescuer was resuscitated and remains in hospital in a stable condition.

Image: Dr Mohammad Swapan, 44, and Dr Sabrina Ahmed, 40 (Source: Facebook)

Dr Swapan, an associate professor at Curtin University, and Dr Ahmed, a fellow academic, were respected members of Perth’s Bangladeshi community. Tributes have poured in for the couple, with friends and colleagues expressing heartbreak.

The couple’s deaths have left the Bangladeshi community in Perth reeling, with tributes describing them as “deeply respected and loved by all who knew them.”

Ruhul Salim, a close friend, described the loss as devastating:

“Those girls… my heart aches for them. The community will seriously miss this couple.”

Image: Dr Sabrina Ahmed (Source: LinkedIn)

Just two months ago, Dr Ahmed celebrated a major milestone, proudly announcing on LinkedIn the completion of her PhD in Urban and Regional Planning from Curtin University. In her post, she reflected on the challenges and triumphs of the journey, expressing gratitude to her mentors, colleagues, and family for their unwavering support.

“It was not a smooth journey for me but I really enjoyed exploring different avenues of knowledge. It was full of frustration, excitement but felt accomplished at the end.”

Image: Dr Mohammad Swapan, 44, and Dr Sabrina Ahmed, 40 (Source: Facebook)

The tragedy highlights the dangers of the treacherous beach, known for its strong currents and unpredictable waves. The area, popular with fishermen but not patrolled by lifesavers, has been flagged as hazardous by local authorities.

This incident adds to a rising national drowning toll, with 26 deaths recorded since the start of December. Recent data shows drowning rates are 20% higher than the five-year average, with beaches accounting for about 20% of cases.

The couple’s daughters, who survived the ordeal, are now in the care of relatives.

Police are preparing a report for the coroner as the community rallies around the couple’s orphaned daughters.

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Cocaine bust in Perth as AFP charges two men over 200kg seizure

Image: Operation Mirkwood (Source: AFP)

The AFP has charged two men after investigators uncovered about 200kg of cocaine in a Perth hotel room on 28 December 2024.

The Victorian man, aged 48, and a 44-year-old South African national are set to appear before Northbridge Magistrates Court today, facing drug trafficking charges.

The arrests follow an investigation that began in October, during which the AFP tracked the movements of the accused across Western Australia. The pair allegedly met at Perth Airport on 17 November before travelling south to Kojonup Airport. Both men left the state soon after, but returned in late December, allegedly preparing for the transportation of the illicit cargo.

On 27 December, the South African man was seen meeting a small aircraft at the Overlander Airstrip, about 250km north of Geraldton. Investigators allege the following day, the pair disposed of items, including suitcases and jerry cans, at a shopping centre before being arrested in Perth’s CBD around 6pm.

During the operation, police searched a Perth hotel room linked to the Victorian man and seized approximately 200kg of cocaine packed in six suitcases, along with night vision goggles, electronic devices, and an airband VHF radio. A second hotel room linked to the South African man contained aviation equipment, four empty suitcases, and a hardware cryptocurrency wallet.

Further investigations are underway to determine the connection between the seized cocaine and the small aircraft.

AFP Inspector Chris Colley emphasised the harm caused by cocaine use and the efforts of criminal syndicates to profit from it. “Illicit drug use in Australia bankrolls dangerous and brutal criminals who undermine our national security and our economy, and make our suburbs and roads less safe,” he said.

Both men face a maximum penalty of 25 years’ imprisonment for trafficking a commercial quantity of a controlled drug. Additional charges against the Victorian man include possession of cocaine and failing to comply with an order under federal law, carrying penalties of up to 10 years’ imprisonment

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ECTA turns two, a milestone in India-Australia economic partnership

IndAus ECTA- Image Source- BCCI
IndAus ECTA- Image Source- BCCI

The India-Australia Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (Ind-Aus ECTA) has completed two years, marking a milestone in the economic partnership between the two nations.

Since its implementation, the agreement has driven mutual growth, expanded trade opportunities, and reinforced economic ties, the Indian Ministry of Commerce and Industry highlighted in a release on Sunday.

The Ind-Aus ECTA has been instrumental in advancing the bilateral merchandise trade, which has more than doubled since its inception. From USD 12.2 billion in 2020-21, trade surged to USD 26 billion in 2022-23.

Although total trade moderated to USD 24 billion in 2023-24, India’s exports to Australia grew by 14% during the same period. The strong momentum continues in the current fiscal year, with bilateral merchandise trade from April to November 2024 reaching USD 16.3 billion.

Preferential import data exchange commenced in 2023, showcasing the effective implementation of the agreement. The data revealed robust utilisation rates, with India’s export utilisation at 79% and import utilisation at 84%.

The agreement has significantly benefited critical sectors, including textiles, chemicals, and agriculture, which have shown substantial growth. Additionally, diversification in trade has been evident with exports of new products, such as gold studded with diamonds and turbojets.

Imports of essential raw materials, such as metalliferous ores, cotton, and wood products, have further bolstered India’s industries, underlining the win-win nature of the partnership. While sectors such as electronics and engineering exhibit growth potential, the foundation laid by the ECTA has created opportunities for further expansion.

The ECTA has been particularly impactful for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), creating new opportunities for businesses and employment in both countries. This agreement not only reinforces the economic partnership but also aligns with the shared vision of inclusive growth and prosperity.

Building upon the success of the ECTA, the India-Australia Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA) is currently under negotiation. With 10 formal rounds of discussions and inter-sessional meetings held so far, the CECA aims to advance bilateral trade with greater ambition.

A stocktake visit on CECA’s progress was recently concluded in New Delhi from December 4th to 6th, 2024, reflecting the commitment of both nations to deeper economic integration.

Both countries are dedicated to sustaining the momentum created by the ECTA. The shared goal is to achieve a bilateral trade target of USD 100 billion by 2030. The Government of India’s focus remains on strengthening collaboration and introducing innovative initiatives to drive mutual prosperity, aligning with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Vision 2047 of making India a developed country.

As India and Australia continue to deepen their economic ties, their partnership is poised to contribute to a more resilient and dynamic global economy. By fostering mutual prosperity and leveraging the complementarity of their economies, both nations are set to take their economic relationship to unprecedented heights.

The completion of two successful years of the Ind-Aus ECTA underscores the potential of economic partnerships in shaping a brighter future for nations and their citizens.

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Elon Musk, Gauguin and are we Australia fair? The 10 best podcasts of 2024

Image: Podcast (Source: CANVA)

By Siobhan McHugh

This year saw podcasts attract widespread attention for their influence on the political agenda (a hack that goes back to 2015, when Obama caused outrage with his raw take on race on Marc Maron’s WTF).

Spotify continues to push “video podcasts”, but apart from the technical problems they present, they hold no appeal for those who love audio at least in part because it frees them from screens.

The podcasts below, my picks for the year, do much more than that: they inform, illuminate, touch the heart and unleash the imagination.

1. In The Dark

In The Dark logo

In The Dark’s new series forensically unpacks a day in 2005 when United States marines went on a rampage in Haditha, Iraq, killing 24 civilians.

Over four years, host Madeleine Baran and team conducted hundreds of interviews and secured thousands of previously unreleased government documents. As Iraqi family members speak in Arabic about their horrendous loss, superlative production makes their testimony deeply moving. In one heartbreaking scene, the interpreter herself breaks down.

I’ve only heard this happen once before, when American oral historian Studs Terkel interviewed survivors of Hiroshima to open his acclaimed documentary Born To Live.

Apex investigative journalism that underlines the human cost of war.

2. Come by Chance

Come By Chance logo

The gentle but gritty Canadian podcast Come by Chance probes the intertwined meaning of family and identity.

Set in remote Newfoundland, it investigates the origins of two men who look strikingly dissimilar to their siblings. You can guess the outcome, but that doesn’t diminish the pleasure and pain of discovering what happened.

We warm to locals whose unaffected demeanour and distinctive phrasing make for revelatory storytelling that is never exploitative.

3. Australia Fair

Australia Fair logo

This timely series Australia Fair provides a fresh take on Australia’s “weird and troubled immigration history”.

Host Janak Rogers, whose mother came from high society Delhi and whose father was “a big hulking white guy” from Birmingham, is well placed to untangle this tapestry.

Heartfelt accounts from successive waves of arrivals, interwoven with illuminating archival clips and expert commentary, reveal fraught undercurrents. The Chinese attacked on the goldfields. Pacific Islanders kidnapped to cut cane. European migrants lampooned after World War II, the xenophobia shifting to Vietnamese boat people, Muslims from the Middle East, Africans. All alongside unrelenting racism towards Indigenous Australians.

A major flaw is its depiction of settler Australia as a monolithic white society, ignoring the vilification of the Irish from the arrival of the first political convicts in 1791. But overall, Australia Fair offers a bracing challenge to our oft-claimed status as a “successful” multicultural country.

4. Empire

Empire logo

Empire, hosted by polymath historian William Dalrymple and journalistic offsider Anita Anand, examines how empires rise and fall and how they shaped the world.

Dalrymple’s puppydog enthusiasm belies his vast knowledge of power hierarchies from India to the Ottomans, while Anand deftly retrieves him from rabbit holes.

Episodes verge into the history of pirates, North Korea, the Cuban Revolution, the dispossession of Native Americans and a cracker analysis of the Vietnam War.

5. The Belgrano Diary

The Belgrano Diary logo

Lauded Scottish writer Andrew O’Hagan examines the political and military machinations behind the 1982 Falklands War in The Belgrano Diary.

O’Hagan’s shrewd but unshowy narration and writerly eye for character are a major asset. A former naval officer, Narendra Sethia, whose diary is the British government’s undoing, is “skinny, covered in tattoos, with […] the appearance of someone who’s been on a lifelong gap year”.

Episode two, Gotcha, is the ghastly telling of the sinking of Argentinian cruiser the Belgrano with the loss of 323 lives. Archival tape and eye-witness testimony are interwoven with burbling underwater sonic detectors and muffled explosions of torpedoes. A survivor describes how those burnt the worst were given morphine first, “M” dabbed on their foreheads in their own blood.

Consummate sound design allows us to absorb its huge emotional and moral heft and weep for the dead of Islas Malvinas, as Argentinians call the Falklands.

6. The Gauguin Dilemma

The Gauguin Dilemma logo

The sparky series The Gauguin Dilemma, commissioned by the National Gallery of Australia, shows “branded podcasts” need not be schmaltzy PR.

Coinciding with the recent Paul Gauguin exhibition, it delves deep into controversial aspects of the artist.

Was he simply a destructive, colonising paedophile, to be cancelled forthwith? A robust range of perspectives complexifies this vexed topic.

7. Elon’s Spies

Elon's Spies logo

Elon’s Spies drills into Musk-the-man, featuring chilling stories of those who have crossed him.

They include Vernon Unsworth, architect of the Thai schoolboys’ cave rescue in 2018. Musk branded him “paedo-guy” because Unsworth slighted Musk’s mini-submarine proposal.

Musk’s then-girlfriend Amber Heard was surveilled on the Gold Coast; a whistleblower was bankrupted; Scottish Muslim leader Humza Yousaf was mercilessly hounded.

Musk’s capacity for vengefulness makes Trump seem almost benign.

8. Short Cuts

Short Cuts logo
Short Cuts logo

In its 12 years, Short Cuts has showcased eclectic, poetic audio features from producers all over the world.

Winningly hosted by comedian Josie Long, the 30-minute episodes have diverse short pieces, loosely linked by a theme: the tipping point, a piano, or beasts (in which Laurie Anderson performs a concert for dogs).

It is, mystifyingly, to be axed – unless a petition changes the BBC’s plans. Listen while you can.

9. Stop and Search

Stop and Search logo

Stop and Search tracks how 20-year-old apprentice tradie Brad Balzan was shot dead in his backyard in Western Sydney after a police encounter went wrong.

Host Paul Farrell meticulously exposes the bigger context: how proactive police searches discriminate according to class and race. Depressingly, Indigenous people and lower socio-economic areas are more likely to be targeted, searches are often unlawfully conducted and 90% of searches found nothing.

10. This is Alice Springs

This is Alice Springs logo

This is Alice Springs, hosted by Yorta Yorta man Daniel James, takes us behind the miserable headlines about youth violence and curfews in Alice Springs.

It makes such a difference to hear Indigenous people telling their own stories, and not to a white journalist. Keenly observed writing and immersive sound bring the camps, streets and landscape alive, providing nuanced insight into a complex, troubling situation.

Siobhan McHugh, Honorary Associate Professor, Journalism, Consulting Producer, The Greatest Menace, Walkley-winning podcast, University of Wollongong

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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